Ketoacidosis - ndichiyani? Ketoacidosis: zizindikiro, zizindikiro ndi mankhwala a matenda akuluakulu ndi ana

Today tikambirana vuto wamba a shuga monga ketoacidosis. Ndi chiyani icho? Kodi zimayambitsa ndi malangizo chithandizo chiyani? Momwe mungapewere matenda? Tikambirana mafunso amenewa m'nkhani ino.

mwachidule

Chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda ndi akusowa wa insulin, chifukwa mu kuchepetsa shuga ndi mkodzo anapanga intensively mu magazi. Imbaenda ku kuchepa madzi m'thupi, imfa ya mchere, mafuta akuwaza. Mu ndondomeko ya kuwonongeka kwa mafuta opangidwa ketones - zinthu mwapadera kuti angathe kuonjezera acidity wa magazi. Ketoacidosis - matenda ali ndi njira pachimake ndi kusiyana kwambiri mofulumira. Nthawi zina, kudwala uyu ndiye woyamba chizindikiro cha matenda a shuga mtundu 1.

zifukwa

Mukhale matenda ungabweretse:

• Miscalculation insulin mlingo kapena kujomba jekeseni.

• Opatsirana kuledzera.

• kuswa mu zakudya mwachizolowezi.

• Mochedwa matenda.

• Kusintha malamulo insulin, kumene kumabwera ndi kupanga kukula timadzi opaleshoni, kusintha kayendedwe zimachitika pa moyo, nkhawa.

• Kupanda kudziletsa kudya.

Ketoacidosis: zizindikiro

matupi Ketone amatuluka mu yambiri, kusokoneza thupi, ndipo kenako zizindikiro za poyizoni. Ngati osauka ketoacidosis, zizindikiro matenda onse akuonekera monga:

• nseru;

• kusanza;

• amaganizira ululu m'mimba, nthawi zina kutchulidwa kwambiri;

• kuwonda;

• kuoneka kwambiri, phokoso, mofulumira kupuma;

• mutu, chizungulire;

• kusinza, ulesi.

Komanso ndi matenda imeneyi ofooka nthambi spasms, fungo la acetone mpweya, khungu amakhala pa youma, pali imfa wathunthu kapena tsankho lathu mu mlengalenga.

DKA cholinga chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwa acetone mu mkodzo, amene mosavuta anatsimikiza pogwiritsa ntchito n'kupanga wapadera mayeso.

Kudziwika zizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo amafuna malangizo katswiri.

diagnostics

Matenda ketoacidosis, m'pofunika kuchita kafukufuku. Njirazi ndi monga:

1. General anayendera.

2. Analysis wa mbiri wodwalayo kuchipatala ndi madandaulo.

3. Laboratory maphunziro, kuphatikizapo:

• Kupenda kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi;

• ambiri kusanthula magazi ndi mkodzo;

• kudziŵa pamaso pa matupi ketone mu mwazi:

• urinalysis acetone ndi ketone matupi;

• kudziŵa kwake mu mwazi wa ayoni ndi (potaziyamu, sodium), creatinine, urea, enaake, lactate, bicarbonate;

• kusanthula magazi chiŵerengero asidi-m'munsi ndi mpweya zikuchokera.

Ketoacidosis: Chithandizo cha matenda

matenda amafuna yomweyo alowererepo zachipatala. Mu matenda monga ketoacidosis chithandizo Amakhala makamaka mu kukonzanso bwino potaziyamu ndi madzi mu mtima. M'pofunikanso kwambiri kuchepetsa shuga (kuchepetsa yachibadwa) ndi acidity wa magazi.

ketoacidosis mankhwala shuga zikuphatikizapo miyezo zotsatirazi:

1. M'nsinga kutumikiridwa kudya wotenga insulin (a timadzi kumathandiza kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi) ndi paola polojekiti magazi shuga.

2. Sodium kolorayidi njira (pa woipa zosiyanasiyana) lembani kuchepekedwa madzimadzi.

3. Pakuti kupewa hypoglycemia (mkhalidwe magazi shuga ndi pansipa 3.3 mmol / l) shuga njira mwanayo.

4. Chifukwa cha kuwukonza kuvutika electrolyte kutumikiridwa zothetsera munali mchere potaziyamu.

5. Kusintha pH.

6. Pofuna kupewa mavuto opatsirana ntchito mankhwala.

7. Pofuna kupewa thrombosis (magazi kuundana mu zotengera) Kwalamulidwa anticoagulants.

ena amene

Komanso, pamene matenda monga ketoacidosis (zimenezo wakhala tafotokozazi) ayenera akana kuvomereza zimam'patsa munali chakudya, kupatula zimam'patsa. Zokonda bwino kupereka mankhwala shuga-lokoma - mphesa madzi, uchi. Izi ndi zoona makamaka mu nthawi imene chikoka cha tima shuga insulinoterpaii magazi akutsikira mofulumira kwambiri ndipo pali chiopsezo hypoglycaemia.

Pamene mankhwala ikuchitika molondola, mlingo wa kuchepa msinkhu shuga magazi 4-4 mmol / L / h. Patapita maola 3 mankhwala wakhala anayambitsa, zili kwa matupi ketone mu mkodzo zingachititse kuti kwakanthawi kuonjezera. Pafupifupi 6 maola iwo kutha palimodzi.

chithandizo chokwanira cha ketoacidosis anatsimikiza mtima zili zabwinobwino shuga m'magazi, komanso kupanda kumanga wa ketones mu mkodzo.

Pali milandu pamene matenda akufotokozera chapansipansi matenda wina, ndi kusintha okha insulin chiwembu kuti matenda ukupeza wodwalayo n'zosatheka, popeza, mankhwala zina, zomwe kanthu amachitira zochizira matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, ngati ketoatsidoticheskaya chikhalidwe kwachitika motsutsa likhale kutupa m'mapapo kapena zilonda zapakhosi, dokotala kwenikweni mankhwala mankhwala.

Ashuga ketoacidosis zingachititse mavuto aakulu monga kuswa mu ntchito ya ziwalo, chitukuko cha matenda ashuga chikomokere, imfa ya chikumbumtima, ndipo pakalibe chithandizo choyenera - imfa (amapezeka pafupifupi 5-15% milandu).

Ngati vuto la mwanayo

pathological chikhalidwe zoopsa kwambiri makamaka mwana. Pachiopsezo ndi:

• ana amene akudwala;

• ana omwe makolo ndi matenda aliwonse autoimmune;

• , Botolo-ana chibadwire;

• ana mu mabanja amene kale ndi mwana anapezeka ndi mtundu 1 shuga;

• akhanda omwe amayi anadwala matenda aakulu opatsirana pa mimba.

Ketoacidosis ana nthawi zambiri akufotokozera mu mulanduwo, ngati nthawi sanali wapezeka shuga mtundu 1. Kenako zochitika za zodabwitsazi zimadalira mmene iwo akuchitireni.

Pachikhalidwe ketoacidosis ana kuoneka ngati chizindikiro cha mtundu 1 shuga, koma nthawi zina vuto limeneli angathe pamene matenda mtundu 2.

Ashuga ketoacidosis ana kuwonetsera zizindikiro zomwezo monga akulu. Chithandizo ndi ofanana. Makolo ayenera nthawi zonse kuwunika mwana wawo, ndiyeno iwo ndi mwayi kanthu moyenerera ndi kuteteza matenda ashuga chikomokere.

Mlingo wa amadzimadzi njira mchere wa insulin ndi mankhwala ena anatsimikiza ndi dokotala ndipo zimadalira wodwala thupi.

zodzitetezera

Choncho ketoacidosis. Kodi ndi chiyani ndi mfundo za mankhwala - tinapeza. Koma ayenera kukhala bwino ndi njira zopewera.

1. Ngati matupi ketone zimapezeka mu mkodzo, m'pofunika posachedwapa kukhwimitsa Jaji awo m'thupi.

2. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi ndi mkodzo.

3. Mosamalitsa kutsatira ndandanda yake ya insulin, ndi pa kupatuka ayenera kukhala odziletsa osati mlingo wa shuga m'magazi, komanso pamaso pa matupi mkodzo ketone.

4. Ndi kusamala kwambiri ayenera kumwedwa mowa (mowa kuchepetsa shuga m'magazi, ndipo inasanduka matupi ketone - izo kungakhale osakaniza oopsa kwambiri a ketoacidosis ndi hypoglycemia) ndipo mundirole ine ndidziwe pamene ketone matupi mkodzo mkati ndi pambuyo kumwa.

5. Kuletsa zolimbitsa zimabwezera akhale pansi pa ulamuliro maonekedwe a ketones mkodzo mkati ndi pambuyo zolimbitsa thupi.

6. Ngati nkotheka, kuthetsa mavuto. Pambuyo akuvutika maganizo aakulu m'pofunika kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, ndipo ketones mu mkodzo.

7. matenda opatsirana (angina, fuluwenza, matenda pachimake kupuma, matenda a dongosolo genitourinary, etc.), sitiroko, m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, opaleshoni, mabvuto osiyana, maganizo, mimba ayenera kuchitira mkodzo pamaso pa matupi ketone.

Pomaliza

Nditawerenga nkhani imeneyi mudzaphunzira zambiri za chikhalidwe ichi pathological monga ketoacidosis: icho chiri, zizindikiro osiyanasiyana, mankhwala ndi kupewa. Ngati mwadzidzidzi kuchuluka kwa nyamuka shuga kapena mkodzo ketone matupi kuoneka, musati mantha. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kupeza chifukwa chokhala ndi mankhwalawa pa nthawi. Pangani likhoza anakumana katswiri. Self-mankhwala ndi oopsa thanzi. Dzisamalire!