KAvZ-685. basi Soviet pakati kalasi

The ngwazi za nkhani lero - basi KAvZ-685. makina amenewa amapangidwa pa Kurgan Basi Bzalani kuyambira 1971. Basiyi kalasi m'malo kakang'ono kuposa pafupifupi. The cholinga izo sizinali, izi makina ambiri-cholinga. zoyendera Izi masamu ntchito m'madera akumidzi, makamaka pa misewu dothi. Chifukwa chaichi izo mwaukadaulo ndi zida, anali zofunika chitetezo masamba, ndipo ali ndi permeability mkulu. Tiyeni tione pa deta ya galimoto. mabasi Old - ndi chidwi kwambiri. Ali ndi nkhani yapadera, tsopano iwo mwina pafupifupi aliyense ndipo kodi sadayende.

mbiri lachitsanzo

Mbiri ya basi ikuyamba ndi kutsegula kwa mbewu. Izo zinali mu 1958. Chinthu choyamba mwachita mbewu Kurgan, anali 651 TH chitsanzo. Ntchito pa chitukuko cha makina amenewa anayamba mu 40s Mu zaka zapitazo. chitsanzo inamangidwa pa galimotoyo ndi malo yaikulu ya GAZ 51. Choncho pamene mu 60s pa GAZ anayamba kubala latsopano GAZ-53A, Kurgan mbewu kukonzekera kwa chilengedwe cha mabasi watsopano pa galimotoyo ili.

Cha m'ma '60s anayamba kuoneka prototypes woyamba KAvZ-685. makina oyambirira anali ndi kapangidwe yosiyaniranapo, osati chimodzimodzi monga m'munsi kwa iwo GAZ-53A. Panali china Redieta cladding. kuyatsa The inaperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a dongosolo zinayi china. A Patapita nthawi, okonza anasiya ndondomeko imeneyi. Pa nkhani mabasi kubwera ku mwambo gawo kutsogolo mpweya m'munsi.

Kuyamba kupanga siriyo mabasi, kasamalidwe fakitale ali ndi kukhazikitsanso lathunthu la kumalo a ntchito. Choncho, kwambiri kukodzedwa m'dera kupanga.

Kukhazikitsanso wopambana ndipo mu 1971 woyamba KAvZ-685 anasiya msonkhano mzere. Kupanga zitsanzo ndi nyumba muyezo, koma pang'ono wosiyana kamangidwe zoyambirira za mndandanda zenera lakutsogolo. Kupanga m'ziwawa akhoza kuyamba mu 1973. Mu 1974 kampani pa mzere msonkhano pambuyo 100 000th buku. Pakuti nthawi zonse kupanga chitsanzo zasintha kangapo ndi kapangidwe ndi zipangizo luso.

KAvZ-685: zofunika

chitsanzo ichi m'malo ndi 651 TH basi. Komabe, kapangidwe sanasinthe kwambiri. Apa tikuona kuti galimoto ndi kamangidwe bonnet ndi mphamvu zochuluka kwambiri. Basi utumiki n'zosavuta kwambiri ndipo, monga ife tikudziwa kale, udaikidwa kuti ntchito zinthu misewu dothi.

Ngakhale kuti galimotoyo wa zitsanzo akale ndi atsopano adakali ndi maganizo, koma wakale Kurgan basi komanso osiyana kwambiri ndi zatsopano chitsanzo latsopano tikuona lalikulu miyeso, amakono, anapatsidwa kuti ndi basi Soviet kamangidwe. Galimoto yatsopano moti ankatha anthu 28, ali wabwino luso, wamphamvu ndi samatha makhalidwe. Makhalidwe a kholo izi mabasi amakono kugwilizana zonse ndi zofunika kuti ntchito panthawiyo.

injini

The zitsanzo woyamba KAvZ-685 zida ndi zinayi sitiroko carburetor Motors eyiti yamphamvu. Iwo anali ZMZ 53A. Zonenepa mu mayunitsi mphamvu ili V-mphako.

Mphamvu ya injini ichi - 120 L. a. Kasinthasintha liwiro anali 3200 r Mukhoza / m. injini tinali ndi nthawi yabwino makokedwe a - 245 N / m. Kusamutsidwa anali 4,25 malita. Machine chofunika malita 24 pa 100 Km. Basi thanki anali ndi mphamvu malita 105. Liwiro pazipita galimoto ichi chinali 90 km / h.

HIV

Apa, zonse ndi zofanana, onse Gaza. KAvZ-685 anali okonzeka ndi zinayi PPC. Amadziwika kuti bokosi linali pang'ono kusinthidwa chitsanzo mphaka GAZ-5312. Kufala pambuyo patsogolo tingaphunzire mu synchronizers wachitatu ndi kufala Mbali.

Zinazake makina amenewa ntchito youma, litayamba umodzi. limagwirira anali kasupe, zotumphukira. Iwo amachita ndi zowalamulira ndi galimoto hayidiroliki.

dongosolo braking

mabuleki akhala akuyendera mawonekedwe a dongosolo wapawiri-dera. Sami mabuleki anali ng'oma, amene ankagwira ntchito pa magudumu onse. Kukhazikitsa nanyema, akatswiri anagwiritsanso ntchito galimoto hayidiroliki, chomwenso ndi okonzeka ndi zingalowe chilimbikitso.

masamu

Thupi anali kutalika 6,6 m, m'lifupi mamita 2,55, kutalika basi anali 3,03 mamita wheelbase ndi 3,7 m, ndi chilolezo -. 265 mm.

Zithetsedwe kulemera kwa galimoto - 4,08 mamita Total kulemera - .. matani 6.5 gudumu galimotoyo chilinganizo - 4 × 2. kwambiri osachepera kutembenuza utali wozungulira za makina anali 8 m.

thupi

Pano sitingathe kunena chilichonse chatsopano. Ngati mabasi ena onse a USSR, thupi la basi linapangidwa zitsulo olimba. thupi linapangidwa mu mawonekedwe bonnet. Nyumba adzakhala kwambiri wosalira mwayi oyendetsa ndi zimango galimoto ku zigawo zikuluzikulu mkati ndi mayunitsi mphamvu. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti msanga ndi bwino kugwira ntchito ndi anakonza mpandawo.

mkati

basi mkati kuvumbitsira omasuka vmese okwera 28. Makhalidwe anali okwera 21 kukhala pansi, okonza ndawapatsa iwo chimodzi chokha mbali chitseko. shopu wina anali ndi kuchoka mwadzidzidzi pakhomo kumbuyo. Ovomereza shopu ndi kunena kanthu wapadera, koma anali wabwino Kutentha dongosolo. Iye ngakhale kuzizira kwambiri mwangwiro kutenthetsa mkati okonzera lapansi. Kachitidwe mpweya - zachilengedwe. Kuti tichite zimenezi, akatswiri ndi okonza kuti anapereka mbali mazenera ndi hatches.

Apaulendo kukhala omasuka kugwiritsa ntchito galimoto uwu kwa iwo mu kanyumba mipando upholstered anagawidwa. zikomo Special kwa mipando nsalu nakonza. Iye anali cholimba kwambiri ndi mosavuta mpaka nyengo oposa mmodzi kapena awiri pamaso m'malo ake. dalaivalayo si wosiyana anthu. Choncho, malamulo chitetezo Musapereke kwa partitions. Madalaivala kupeza kuti ntchito yawo mothandizidwa ndi khomo osiyana.

mpando wa dalaivala

Kuntchito anali zinthu zonse kuti dalaivala chiyani musatope mu ndege zonse. mpando zikhoza kusintha malinga ndi mtunda kuchokera gulu chida, komanso akhala kusintha mbali ya ndingaliro.

mabasi Old sali okonzeka ndi mphamvu chiwongolero, koma gudumu la galimoto izi ali awiri zikuluzikulu, zimene zimatithandiza kasamalidwe. Knobs zonse zofunika ndi masiwichi malo yabwino.

Galasi lakutsogolo anali kokha katundu wochepa. Choncho, okonza ndi akatswiri kuti anaonetsetsa kuti chidwi ndi woyendetsa si anabalalika.

Kalirole anali unrealistically lalikulu. Iwo ankanena kutalika kwa thupi. Choncho chasanduka bwino view a msewu. The zenera lakutsogolo anali kugawa a. Chiwalo anali okonzeka ndi wiper a. Zimenezi zimathandiza kusunga galasi yoyera ndi sikusokoneza galimoto.

Za kukonzanso ndi kukonza

Akuti zitsanzo izi ndi pafupifupi palibe mavuto madalaivala kapena zimango galimoto. makina zachokera pamaziko a GAZ-53A, zomwe ziri patsogolo Panu ntchito yomanga basi, anadutsa kwambiri mayesero. Galimotoyo Kurgan zomera bwino wokonzedwera kwa ntchito, pakalibe misewu bwalo.

Popeza akatswiri pa nthawi kupanga chitsanzo latsopano, anayesetsa kumanga makina kuti ukhale wa mayunitsi zofunika ndi chitsanzo akale, pamene kuchoka mbali zofunika popanda mavuto. Basi KAvZ-685 zinapangidwa amalola zimango ngati breakage mosavuta kudziwa zolakwa ndi monga mwamsanga ntchito pa vuto ndi.

zosintha

Pamaziko a chitsanzo ichi zosintha zosiyanasiyana. Zinalengedwa ntchito m'madera a dziko ndi nyengo zosiyana. 685S chitsanzo anayamba kupanga galimoto ku madera a kumpoto. Pali unafalikira otsika kutentha kwambiri mpweya, kotero makina okonzeka otentha plating, pawiri glazing ndi injini magetsi.

Panali zitsanzo zina. Mwachitsanzo, 685G linapangidwa kuti m'madera phiri. The makina bwinobwino kwambiri kuthetsa Njoka phiri misewu, basi anali okonzeka ndi mabuleki wapadera zina ndi retarders, ndipo galimotolo kanyumba anaika malamba.

pomaliza

Chifukwa nthawi yake anali mphunzitsi wamkulu. Akatswiri ndayesera bwino. Nthawi zina makina amenewa angathe kuonedwa paliponse m'misewu akumidzi. Iwo adakali ntchito kwinakwake - ndizo tanthauzo khalidwe Soviet.