Kaswili. forearm anthu

Kapangidwe ka kapangidwe ka m'munsi ndi chapamwamba malekezero ndi zofanana. Mu chitukuko cha dzanja la munthu watha kuti amapereka. Tsopano akutha zingakhale zovuta izikhala. Choncho, fupa ndi dongosolo anzake a nthambi chapamwamba akuganizira ntchito zawo monga ziwalo, kuonetsetsa ufulu kuyenda. Mu ufulu wa zoyenda anatsimikiza ndi digiri chovomerezeka ufulu wa malo.

Upper nthambi munthu lagawidwa zigawo zitatu: phewa, mkono ndi dzanja. Mafupa ndi zikugwirizana Mitsemphayi ndi mfundo kupanga mayunitsi, amene ntchito ngati levers.

Kapangidwe chikuphatikizapo mkono mafupa (ulnar ndi zozungulira), chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi cylindrical zimfundo ndi msana ndi gulu kutsogolo.

ulna The lili medially (pinky mbali) zozungulira fupa laterally (kumbali ya chala choyamba). N'zokhudza mwa mfundo chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi cylindrical. kanthu mogwirizana amapereka kayendedwe rotational wa mkono ndi inwards ndi outwards. The kuyenda ndi khalidwe chabe kwa utali wozungulira wa. Limayenda (monga kayendedwe ka kampasi mwendo) padziko ulna, amene amakhalabe n'kupuma. Kugwa pansipa chigongono mafupa, utali wozungulira articulates ndi mafupa a polumikizira.

Anthu mkono minofu ali kutsogolo ndi magulu kumbuyo. Kutsogolo tichipeza chala flexor ndi minofu dzanja ndipo onsewo mkati. Kumbuyo kwa gulu ndi extensors zala ndi dzanja ndi minofu, onsewo outwards.

Tikumbukenso kuti onse osiyanasiyana ndi zovuta kuyenda mu zigawo chapamwamba nthambi ntchito ya kayendedwe yosavuta zimfundo osiyana.

Mkono munthu akhoza kukhotetsa, atembenuza mkati kapena kunja ndipo unbent. Malamulowo amapangidwa kuzungulira lateral ndi ofukula olamulira mu chigongono. Movement opangidwa ndi magulu anayi zinchito minofu.

Kayendedwe ka flexion zolimbitsa thupi: pronator teres minofu zokhudza mkono minofu, kuyambira humerus (a epicondyle mkati), kukongola, brachioradialis minofu, phewa minofu.

Zoyenda Zochita triceps magetsi. Ndi mbali ya phewa ndi tichipeza minofu chigongono, minofu ya mkono wa, kuyambira epicondyle ili laterally kuti humerus lapansi.

Movement (kasinthasintha) mkati (pronation) ikuchitika kuzungulira ndi pronator lalikulu. Mu gawo ili minofu brachioradialis (zosiyaniratu udindo pronation).

Movement (kasinthasintha) outwards (supination) anapitiriza mkono wa anthu minofu instep ndi kukongola minofu. Rotational kayendedwe ka anachita malo pronated (kuchokera mkati outwards).

Minofu kuti ali m'gulu la mkono anthu, ndi nawo kayendedwe ka zinthu za dzanja ndi dzanja.

Kupinda imagwiridwa utali wozungulira ndi dzanja ulna flexors, nthawi palmar minofu, zachiphamaso ndiponso flexor digitorum longus. Tikumbukenso kuti atatu flexor digitorum kubala munthawi yomweyo kuyenda.

Dzanja akhoza kukhotetsa, atembenuza mkati kapena kunja ndipo unbent. Tikumbukenso kuti articular sayenda Choncho okha. Kupatulapo ndi olowa carpometacarpal ya chala choyamba.

Free kayendedwe ka malekezero chapamwamba zigawo zonse anafotokozedwa ndi digiri chovomerezeka ufulu aliyense olowa. Tikumbukenso kuti chitukuko cha minofu ya mkono ndi, makamaka, nawo dzanja ndi chala kayendedwe ndi zofunikira mu akule bwino mwanayo. Choncho, ali aang'ono ayenera kugwira nawo ntchito kwa kayendedwe chala zizigwirizana zaka mwanayo. Iwo imatsimikizirika kuti akule bwino luso galimoto ya manja chindiletsa mavuto mu chitukuko cha zida mawu.