Iodide potaziyamu

potaziyamu iodide (KI) ndi mchere asidi hydriodic. Maonekedwe ndi olimba colorless crystalline mankhwala ndi timibulu kyubu woboola pakati. Potaziyamu iodide mu mlengalenga ndi Kutentha kapena malinga ndi chikasu kuwala chifukwa mpweya makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa ayoni ayodini ndi ayodini elemental. Ndi kukula kutentha solubility mchere mu ukuwonjezeka madzi. Mu 100 ga madzi anali kusungunuka 128 ga mchere pa 0 ° C, 145 ga pa 20 ° C, 176 ga pa 60 ° C, 209 ga pa 100 ° C. Unyinji molar wa pawiri la 166,00277 g / mol. The index refractive ndi 1,667. Kachulukidwe 3,13 g / cm³. Limatsogolera mfundo 686 ° C. Kuwira kufika 1330 ° C. Potaziyamu Iodide zochepa hygroscopic (zimatenga madzi mosavuta zochepa) kusiyana ndi iodide sodium, choncho n'zosavuta ntchito.

Potaziyamu iodide ndi wofatsa kuchepetsa wothandizila, izo mosavuta oxidized ndi chlorine: 2 Maf + Cl2 → 2KCl + I2. Iwo anachitira ndi ayodini, potero kupanga Lugol njira: KI + I2 → KI3. Mchere potaziyamu asidi hydriodic angathe kukonzekera ndi zimene ayodini ndi hydroxide potaziyamu 6KOH + 3I2 = 5KI + KIO3 + 3H2O kuchepetsa kapena potaziyamu iodate mpweya 2KIO3 + 3C = 2 Maf + 3CO2. Mtundu wachikasu mchere anatsirizika kusonyeza makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa iodide kwa ayodini monga anthu aone kuti pali anachita: 4KI + 2CO2 + O2 → 2K2CO3 + 2I2.

Mu chikhalidwe, ayodini uli ponseponse, koma ndi chinthu chosowa, kuyambira wokhutira magwero zonse zachilengedwe ndi negligible. Mofanana ndi halogens zina, yodziwika ndi reactivity mkulu, opezeka zambiri mu mawonekedwe a mankhwala, ndicho iodides ya soda zitsulo soda ndi potaziyamu, koma (mosiyana halogen zina) komanso mu mawonekedwe a iodates, kotero mu madzi. Komabe, iwo alipo monga asafe iodide (IN3), chifukwa ndi yovuta ndipo mofulumira kuzichepetsa ndi kulumikiza kuphulika. Mu madzi nyanja kapena ku magwero mobisa iodides ndi iodates munali ndalama pafupifupi wofanana. Popeza potaziyamu iodide ndi sungunuka m'madzi, ayodini ayoni alipo m'nyanja, algae m'madzi ndi nsomba. Zakudya Zam'nyanja ndi limene limafotokoza za madyedwe anthu ayodini, ngati iwo ali zambiri ayodini mankhwala kuposa anthu amoyo kumeneko. A zofunika zopangira chifukwa mafakitale ayodini ndi madzi pobowola kapena mitundu ina ya algae.

Potaziyamu iodide ali pobowola madzi ntchito makampani kubala ayodini: KI + Cl2 → KCl2 + I2. Komanso chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga gwero la ayoni iodide. Mu umagwirira mawunikidwe, iodide potaziyamu ntchito redox iodometric titration. Paper, wasambitsa ndi njira ya mchere ndi wowuma, zimathandiza kudziwa qualitatively pamaso pa chlorine, ozoni kapena oxidants ena, mu kukhalapo kwa ayodini amene allocated kaphatikizidwe ndi wowuma TACHIMATA pa pepala akutembenukira buluu. Izo ntchito monga zowonjezera chakudya chakudya nyama ndi chakudya anthu, zedi yaing'ono, kuderako pa chitukuko cha kupewa (wakulitsidwa chithokomiro England) matenda omwe amapezeka zingapo malo osiyanasiyana chifukwa chakuchepa wachibadwa wa ayodini, iodide potassium pamodzi ndi potaziyamu iodate, anawonjezera kuti mchere wamba. The Choncho analandira chakudya mankhwala amatchedwa iodized mchere. The chitsimikizo nthawi kusungiramo mchere amenewa okha, chifukwa pa nthawi, mchikakamizo cha owonjezera mpweya ndi carbon dioxide, KI pang'onopang'ono oxidized metal carbonate ndi elemental ayodini, limene chamunthuyo.

Mu mankhwala, potaziyamu iodide ntchito monga medicament a. Potaziyamu iodide akupezeka zosiyanasiyana mlingo: mapiritsi njira m'kamwa, filimu TACHIMATA mapiritsi, madontho diso, mapiritsi chewable. Mankhwala azilipira kuchepekedwa ayodini m'thupi, ndi antithyroid (chithokomiro ziletsa biosynthesis mahomoni), mucolytic (liquefied m'mapapo sputum ndi atsogolere linanena bungwe ake), expectorant, odana ndi mafangasi kungolandira, radioprotective (amateteza chithokomiro cheza ndiponso kupewa mayamwidwe radioiodine ake ) kwenikweni. WHO Analimbikitsa mlingo vuto la mwadzidzidzi zokhudza nyukiliya ayodini kudzadalira msinkhu ndi:

• anthu oposa zaka 12 - mg wa 130 patsiku;
• kwa zaka 3 mpaka 12 - mg ndi 65 patsiku;
• okalamba 1 36 miyezi - 32 mg wa pa tsiku;
• ana osakwana zaka mwezi 1 - 16 mg wa pa tsiku.

WHO si amalangiza kuti kupewa iodide potaziyamu anthu akuluakulu kuposa zaka 40.