IL-476: zaumisiri specifications, mafuta, zithunzi

Ndege m'dziko lathu ali mizu ndi mbiri ulemerero kwambiri. Makamaka amanyansidwa penyani, ngati izo ziri tsopano ndege Russian kawirikawiri mwamphamvu amadalira ogulitsa yachilendo. Mwamwayi, onse mofanana watengedwa ndi yaitali lamulo m'malo wathunthu wa imports zisakuyenda bwino. Koma panali vuto pokonza mayendedwe anu ndege yekha.

Mpaka posachedwapa, ntchito ikuchitika ichitikire ndi CB Chiyukireniya "Antonov" koma kuti tipitirize mabizinezi izi malonda kukhala kovuta. Mwazina, asilikali Russian osakhutira ndi mbali Chiyukireniya zokhudzana ndi okwanira ndi chitukuko. Mwachidule, pafupifupi zaka khumi, "Antonov" ndipo sakanakhoza kupereka chilichonse thunthu latsopano.

Posakhalitsa, ndife anapereka chiyambi cha boma cha pulogalamu yake chifukwa cha amene ayenera kukhala zatsopano zoyendera ndege zoweta kutulutsidwa kwa IL-476. Tsopano ntchito pa chilengedwe chake pachimake.

About kukweza ndi zinthu zina

Amadziwika kuti maziko a usilikali ndipo yapachiweniweni zoyendera ndege m'dziko lathu linali wakale Il 76, umene tinalandira kwa Soviet Union. The ndege yoyamba ya kalasi lokha anawulukira pa May 5, 1973. Yopanga zinachitikadi kwa nthawi yaitali pa Tashkent ndege mbewu. Mbiri ya ulimi ndizo zaka pafupifupi 40. Total anatha kusonkhanitsa pafupifupi zikwi makina izi, ndi za zana anawatumiza kwa katundu.

Koma zenizeni lero akusonyeza chilengedwe cha makina kwakukulukulu osiyana, kwambiri lalikulu, osiyanasiyana yaitali. Ndipotu, mwamsanga 1989, atangotha yapaderayi ku Afghanistan, utsogoleri Soviet potsiriza anatsimikizira mu maganizo a pakufunika ndege imeneyi. Ambiri, kuyamba kupanga ndegeyo modernized anali ndithu weniweni, kuyambira pa nthawi yomweyo, mbewu wakhala anayambitsa kupanga watsopano, mafuta imayenera injini PS-90A. Koma pamene Tashkent kukhazikitsa ulimi wawo sunali bwino.

M'malo kachitidwe yovuta

Choncho chimasiyanitsa zimene latsopano IL-476? Ambiri. Choyamba, akatswiri pafupifupi kwathunthu m'malo phiko. The injini atsopano PS-90A 76 akhala anaika. adaponya awo a makilogalamu 14,500 (ikuthamanga), ndi dzuwa apamwamba ndi 12-15%. Osiyanasiyana ili bwino kamodzi makilomita zikwi zisanu. Ndipo kodi IL-476 mafuta? Iye ndi 0,59 makilogalamu / kg · H, umene uli kwambiri zosakwana galimoto m'mbuyomu.

Gulu la anthu asanu. Kunyamula mphamvu njira yatsopano pafupifupi matani 60, amene akhoza kwambiri kupulumutsa mafuta ndi ndalama kunyamula katundu kwambiri ndi ndege ochepa.

Mu ndege ndi chitonthozo!

Mu dziko lathu, watsopano IL-476 anali woyamba asilikali zoyendera ndege, amene amathandiza mlingo olongosoka otonthoza adalira mu ndege. Kotero, apa pali lakuya zonse ndi chimbudzi. Kuvomereza kuti pa pazipita ndege mtunda wa makilomita zikwi zisanu, zinthu zimenezi ndi zofunika kwambiri!

Kuvala Malo lili wapadera womata chipinda, limene lili mu chipinda patsogolo la ndegeyo. Kusamutsidwa ophatikizidwa kwachilengedwenso zinyalala thanki ndi 28 malita. Mfundo imeneyi ayenera kukhala mokwanira ndege imodzi, kukwaniritsa zofuna za anthu ogwira ntchito ndi paratroopers ochepa. Kuyambira mu awiri sitimayo kusinthidwa IL-476 (chithunzi chimene kulibe m'nkhani) akhoza kunyamula thanki zana ndi makumi asanu airborne akhoza zokuzira ndi awiri ena malita 80 aliyense.

Atangotsala pang'ono akuponya kugwiritsa ntchito malowo chimbudzi sadzakhala alipo, kuyambira motsatira malamulo nthawi ili koletsedwa kuti unfasten Kupeza jumpsuit. Koma ndi flights wautali kwambiri kuposa (ndi usilikali kapena kunyamula weniweni nkhondowo opareshoni) kufunika kwa luso ili n'zovuta Musaone. Pankhaniyi, ntchito chimbudzi adzakhala nthawi zonse ndege kupatula pa kukwera ndi ndegeyo.

Ngakhale "chimbudzi" Mutu akuyang'ana maganizo woyamba si lalikulu, anamenyela VDV kumbukirani kuti nthawi zina kupirira kwa masiku. Pa thanzi anthu Kawirikawiri zimenezi zimaonekera moyipa kwambiri, choncho kanthu za opanga Russian ndege m'munda umenewu ndi woyenera kulemekezedwa.

Ubale - Choyamba!

Mogwirizana ndi malamulo a zaka zaposachedwapa, ntchito yambiri zachitika dera kuchepetsa phokoso ndi umuna zinthu zoipa m'mlengalenga. Chifukwa, IL-476 complies ndi mfundo zatsopano ICAO. Izi yomweyo kuloledwa "thambo lotseguka" ndege zatsopano osati pafupifupi onse flights m'banja komanso mu njira European. Brussels kalekale kuweruza ndege yathu kwa mkulu mlingo wa kuipitsidwa phokoso, koma tsopano vuto limeneli wakhala kwathunthu inathetsedwa.

Oddly zokwanira, koma ngakhale zochitika za 90s nthawi adakwanisa m'mbuyo chitukuko cha polojekiti, koma osati kusiya izo. Mu 2000s oyambirira, boma latsopano waganiza kwambiri kufulumizitsa ntchito pa ndege yatsopano. Kale kumayambiriro 2007 tinayamba ntchito kukonzekera kwa chiyambi cha ndege mndandanda kupanga mu Ulyanovsk.

Waukulu luso makhalidwe a makina

mapulani Zichitike

Izo zakonzedwa kuti 2020 Unduna wa silikhali adzalandira zosachepera 39 latsopano IL-476. Posachedwapa, ndege akuti zakonzedwa kuchita flights kuti zonse Sinthani makina Il-76MD-90A, umene potsiriza kuzindikira ndi kuthetsa zopindika zonse n'zotheka kukonza. Kalanga, ndege Il-476 adakali mavuto ena amene analandira kuchokera chitsanzo m'mbuyomu. Isanafike kuyamba nkhani yopanga zosowa zawo kuzindikira ndi kuthetsa kuvomerezedwa.

makontena a injini

Akuti kuti panopa kupereka kwa kale kukonzekera osachepera 156 injini PS-90A 76, amene cholinga kuikidwa pa ndege yatsopano. Mtengo wa mgwirizano uno (monga chaka chatha) kuposa chizindikiro cha madola US biliyoni. makontena awo mwadongosolo kuyamba mwamsanga chaka chatha. Zikuoneka zonse anapita ndendende molingana ndi ndandanda.

Development ndi khamu la injini unachitikira Perm Engine Mmera wonse, umene ndi pafupifupi kuyambira maziko ake amagwirizana ndi makampani ndege ndi nyumba asilikali. Mwachidule, limapanga izi akudziŵa bwino zinthu limene tiyenera kutsimikiza kupirira onse a mankhwala ake.

Bata ndi kulipira!

Chonde kudziwa kuti kuloŵedwa m'malo a galimoto latsopano, ndege Il-76MD-90A woyamba anaulukira zaka ziwiri zapitazo. The kanyumba anali odziwa kwambiri oyendetsa amene adalamulira Hero wa Russia Nikolai Kuimov. Mu mlengalenga, ndege ndendende 1 ora ndi mphindi 55. Mkulu anavomereza kuti makina atsopano ali abwino kusinthitsa ndalama bata, akuchitira ake analibe alibiretu madandaulo.

Mu October chaka chomwecho ndegeyo anali woyamba akusonyeza ku mutsogoleli wa Russia, Vladimir Putin. Pa tsiku lomwelo, ndipo yolembedwa ndi waukulu pa nthawi mgwirizano pakati sewerolo ndi Utumiki wa silikhali, umene mpaka 2020 asilikali ayenera ndendende 39 Il-476, amene makhalidwe amachita chidwi kwambiri ndi asilikali. Mtengo mgwirizano anakwana ndendende biliyoni 140 rubles. A mphatso lalikulu makampani zoweta, zomwe boma la zaka zam'mbuyo sanali kumachita malamulo lalikulu!

Mayesero ndege yoyamba

The ndege yoyamba IL-476 kunali m'ziwawa mayesero ndege chaka chatha. Malinga ndi zotsatira zawo makina anamuzindikira ndi mtima wonse ovomerezeka ndi zofunikira za makasitomala. kuyezetsa motalikira debugging akutsatiridwa pamalowa, wokwatibwa ndi "Ila". M'chaka cha 2013, flagship latsopano la zoweta katundu ndege kwa nthawi yoyamba anakaonekera makasitomala yakunja. Izo zinachitika pa MAKS wotchuka.

Mu June chaka chatha, woyamba IL-476, makhalidwe amene apatsidwa m'nkhani ino, pomaliza adagulung'undisa wa hangar khamu. phiko bokosi wakhala kufufuzidwa ndi pakati gawo kwa chisindikizo wawo wonse (ntchito mafuta). Pambuyo pake, pang'ono ndege anayamba kujambula. Pano pa ena, ndipo wokwanira amasiya, monga ndondomeko wakhala kwambiri ndinazolowera latsopano Russian ndege.

Information za mtundu wa fuselage ndi

mfundo ndi yakuti kwa nthawi yoyamba mu mbiri ya ndege Russian akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito enamel zoweta opuma 69 ndi opuma 71-mtundu polyurethane. Kujambula mwapadera anayamba ndi kafukufuku (ndege Zida) makamaka kwa IL-476. Yopanga umabala osati glossy (kale ntchito utoto), ndi utoto Mat.

Ndi bwino anagawira pamodzi fuselage ndi losiyana katundu okwera mu chitetezo cha chuma nyumba ndi mankhwala aukali. Komanso, utoto si abraded. Popeza ogwira ntchito zoyendera kaŵirikaŵiri kuuluka mavuto adzaoneni, kuti Musaone kufunika kwa luso ngati n'zosatheka.

Pa "pedigree"

The ndege yoyamba sanali kokha utoto, omwe anavomerezedwa mu Utumiki wa silikhali, koma dzina lenileni "Ulyanovsk". dzina City ndi odula manja anyakhondo ntchito mwachindunji pa mphuno galimoto. Onse ndege wotsatira ija zakonzedwa Ndinapereka maina anthu aakulu awo, amene ali kunyumba kwa dera Ulyanovsk.

Kodi osiyana ndi kuloŵedwa m'malo? Opinion mayeso woyendetsa

Latsopano IL-476, makhalidwe amene utoto mwatsatanetsatane nkhani anafuna kuti ophimba zosiyanasiyana katundu zolinga wamba ndipo usilikali, ndiponso kunyamula kumenya zida amphibious, kuphatikizapo magalimoto kudziletsa injini ndi kuwala IFV. Amapanga, unafotokoza mwayi kutenga pa bolodi mwa anthu zana ndi makumi asanu ogwira ntchito.

Modern ndege ndi zida navigation ( "galasi cockpit") Kodi asamapatsire adalira wakewo, kwambiri lakamba zambiri za mwachidule ndi zipangitsa mkulu chitetezo cha ndege. Kuntchito, pali munthu kuyenda panyanja umboni gulu lomwe amasonyeza deta zofunika kwambiri othawirako pompopompo.

Oleg Ganovich, amene ndi katswiri mayeso woyendetsa, kotero anati kusiyana Chiyukireniya yonyamula An-70 ndi Il-476: "Mu mothamanga-mmwamba injini latsopano kupereka mathamangitsidwe kwambiri, komanso kugunda latsopano n'zosiyana limagwirira umene pambuyo ankafika liwiro akhoza mudzalipidwa mwamsanga. Adakonda zizindikiro latsopano limene kusonyeza mlingo wa kukwera ... oyendetsa ndi akatswiri tsopano awo zizindikiro zokha ndege, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri mofulumira kupanga zosankha ngakhale atakumana ndi zovuta. "

Chepetsani

Mwachidule, watsopano zoyendera ndege IL-476 amathandiza adalira wake adzalandira ndi kuwerenga ndege panyanja zambiri. The okhudza malo malo a ndege watsopano-m'badwo angakhale msanga ndi pafupifupi popanda cholakwa kudziwiratu nyengo iliyonse, panjira pa mitundu yonse ya mtunda. Mu makina yapita zonse ntchito yekha Co-woyendetsa, katundu pa nthawi zina anakula kwambiri.

Tsopano kanyumba IL-476 (chithunzi ali mu pepala) ali zizindikiro zambiri zimene zonse zimene zili kwa woyendetsa iliyonse, kukhala wopanda kufunika ndi zinthu mothandizana ndi kuyenda panyanja ya.

ntchito zonse pa ndege zoweta zinachitikadi yekha mu mawonekedwe a pakompyuta, pa zida zatsopano kompyuta ndi zochitika zapadera. Zonsezi walola kuchepetsa mwayi zolakwa kapangidwe ndi zolakwa. Nthawi zambiri, zida akale, amene adakali ntchito makampani zoweta ndege, ziwalo zambiri watsopano mamangidwe ndege ndi kupanga imangokhala zosatheka.

The zikuchitika zomera yopanga

Panopa, "Aviastar-SP" chitukuko cha ogwira ntchito imene ndege latsopano adzakhala malonda opangidwa, ndi kukwera. Akuti lero mu msonkhano hangars pali magalimoto osachepera 13 zosiyanasiyana msonkhano. Boma likalowa chandamale kubweretsa nkhani ya osachepera 18 ndege pa chaka. Kuwonjezera zatchulidwa mobwerezabwereza 39 ndege nkhondo, asilikali akufuna kuti magalimoto osachepera 50.

Komanso chidwi mu njira yatsopano kukuonetsedwa oimira Utumiki wa Zochitika Emergency, amene kale akukonzekera kugula pafupi asanu ndi ndege. Monga oimira chomera, izo anakonza kugula ena m'madipatimenti wa Utumiki Mkati ndi FSB, komanso angapo makasitomala akunja.

Komanso, fakitare ali lonse ndi kukonza An-124-100 "Ruslan", amene dziko lathu idakalipo. Zedi ang'onoang'ono opangidwa Lachiwiri-204SM. Komanso zakonzedwa atumiza ogwira-kumasulidwa mphamvu latsopano MS 21. Mwachidule, mbewu ali ndi chiphadzuwa malamulo zokwanira. Ndine wokondwa kuti ambiri mwa timalimbitsa chitetezo m'dziko lathu.