Agulupa ya St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky: mbiri ndi zithunzi

Makumi awiri makilomita kumpoto cha kum'mawa kwa Moscow, m'mphepete mwa mtsinje Vori ili Nicholas Berlyukovsky obisika, anapulumuka pamodzi ndi mchitidwe umenewu chopatulika mu Russia ndi nthawi ya chitukuko, ndi zaka za osasamalidwa. Chilango momveka bwino anasonyeza mkwiyo ndi chifundo cha owalamulira. Ndipo lero, pamene anthu anatsitsimuka patatha zaka zambiri kulibe Mulungu misala, iye ayenera anthu ngati mlonda wa makhalidwe awo makolo wauzimu.

Amonke oyamba Mbala Mtsinje

Akatswiri a mbiri yakale ali ndi maganizo kuti Nicholas Berlyukovsky obisika achokera ku mapanga anakumba pano Chimonko choyamba, kuno mu XII-XIII zaka. Ngakhale kuti m'mayiko Russian peschernozhitelstvo, chifukwa nyengo, zapatsidwa okha bwalo ochepa a moyo wodzimana kwambiri odzipereka, kumene kumakhala Amonke zitsanzo moyo uno Tingaone m'mbiri yathu.

Anapeza kuti wakale, Chikristu chisanayambe kwambiri pa mtsinje banki ya Warri anali wachikunja kachisi, ndi agulupa woyamba wa agulupa ya, anakakhala ku malo awa anamangidwa pa malo akachisi awiri mafano ophedwa ndi iwo - m'dzina la St. Yohane Mbatizi ndi St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa Mirlikiyskogo. Pa nkhani imeneyi, involuntarily mumaganiza mbiri ya m'munsi mwa Lavra Kiev-Pechersk, kumene nyumba zoyambirira anamangidwira pa malo a madzi akatulutsidwa mu Dnieper mafano.

Ieromonah-chitapsya

Malo osankhidwa ndi atsamunda choyamba, sanali kutali ndi mudzi wa Berlin (mu zaka wotsatira Avdotyino), choncho iwo anakhazikitsa agulupa poyamba ankatchedwa St. Nicholas Berlin chipululu. Nkhani afika chitukuko yogwira pambuyo maonekedwe m'madera amenewa Hieromonk Varlaam kuno m'zaka za m'ma XVII, pamene dziko Russian munayamba ndi moto Nthawi ya Mavuto. Asanakwanitse Stromynsky wokhala ndi Mfundo ansembe yotchedwa, yomwe ili pafupi ndi mudzi Fryanovo, koma Zitsulo unawononge-, nawatentha 1603.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuona kuti anali pambuyo maonekedwe ake mu zolembedwa m'mbiri ya nyengo obisika liyamba amatchedwa St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky obisika. Pa chiyambi cha ofufuza dzina palibe maganizo lolozeka. Anthu mphekesera likamanena ndi dzina la ankasakidwa m'dera lino ndipo ndiye wakuba walapa pa Berlyuk dzina, kutanthauza "nkhandwe" kapena kungoti "chirombo."

Kodi nthano izi ndi maziko enieni - silikudziwika, makamaka chifukwa zakale amanena maziko a obisika miscreants olapa analowa mwambo wowerengeka. Chitsanzo ndi wotchuka Optina, komanso ankati zochokera Optoy wolanda.

Chiyambi cha obschinnozhitiya kumene kumakhala Amonke

Za momwe anayamba kutumikira kumene kumakhala Amonke m'mphepete mwa Vori bambo Varlaam, asungidwa otalikirana mudziwe, amene adatitulutsa ndi zikalata za chi. Komabe, amadziwika kuti atangobadwa wokonda moyo wodzimana anakumba yekha selo zadothi, n'kumakhalamo, anadzipereka kuti pemphero ndi kusala kudya, anabwera kwa iye Chimonko ena ku mchitidwe umenewu imawonongeka, pamodzi ndi iwo ndi kugona anthu amene akufuna kudzipereka wake kutumikira Mulungu. Pang'onopang'ono chiwerengero cha anthu a m'chipululu anayamba kuculuka.

, Imatchedwanso kuti tsiku lina bambo Barlaam anali wolemekezeka akazi awiri akale - Amayi Aakulu Evdokia amene anatsogolera Mbatizi sanali kutali Mfundo ansembe yotchedwa, ndi msungichuma wake Juliana. Iwo anabweretsa mphatso adakhala wakale chizindikiro cha St. Nicholas.

Pakuti chifaniziro woyera wa Barlaam mkulu ndi abale kuika yopemphereramo matabwa a mitengo ikuluikulu kugwetsa anatambasula padziko m'nkhalango ya paini. Maonekedwe a kachisi posachedwapa anaphunzira okhala m'midzi yapafupi ndi anabwera unyinji wa Nikolo-Berlyukovsky obisika. Posachedwapa, kudzera mapemphero patsogolo pa fano anayamba kuchita zozizwitsa, ndipo odwala ambiri anachiritsidwa.

Mwala woyamba kumanga obisika ndi

Chiwerengero cha amwendamnjira kugwadira malangizo zozizwitsa mafano ndi kumvera mkulu Varlaama, Polemeretsedwa ndi kutsamira ndigwira Collegiate zopereka. Panapita zaka zingapo, ndipo zopereka wokhulupirika ndi zopereka za boyars amene anapita agulupa pa malo yopemphereramo kale anamangidwira mpingo mwala, wopatulidwa m'dzina la St. Nicholas.

Mu 1710, monga agulupa (St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky) sanagone ndi maudindo boma ndi chigamulo cha mtsogoleri diocesan, mpingo analandira udindo wa agulupa ku Moscow Chudov obisika, ndi kutumikira mu izo, komanso kusintha ambiri likulu akupeza Chimonko angapo kutsogoleredwa ndi abbot Pohomiem. Apa panali poyambira chidwi cha kuzindikiridwa kwa Moscow Orthodox obisika.

Usanakhalepo lamulo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa obisika watsopano zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kenako, ndipo analandira udindo boma chipululu chachotsedwa ulamuliro wa Chudov obisika. History wateteza dzina la woyamba abbot wa agulupa ya, iye anali osakwatira wansembe Diodorusi, amene anapereka ku utumiki wa Mulungu zopatsidwa kwa iye mwa mpanda wa agulupa zaka makumi awiri.

The abbot dissident

Mu 1731 iye anasiyira Yosiya Chimonko, amene yapamwamba kwambiri mwa mafumu Mary ndi Feodosia - alongo mbadwa za wakufayo nthawi imene Mfumu Peter I. The tsogolo la mwana wokhulupirika wa tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox zinali zomvetsa chisoni. Iye anali wolimba mtima kulankhula motsutsa ndondomeko amalamulira mu zaka za Mfumukazi Anny Ioannovny.

Monga mukudziwa, khumi cha ulamuliro wake yodziwika ndi ulamuliro wa alendo mabungwe a boma ndi lathu ambiri a malamulo ovomereza-Western. Kukhala patriot la Russia, bambo ake Yosiya sanazengereze kudzudzula poyera komanso Mfumukazi yekha, amaswa zofuna dziko, ndi nduna zake achinyengo. Pakuti dissent wake anali ku ukapolo okhazikika Kamchatka, kumene posachedwa anafa, sanathe kulimbana ndi nyengo ake aakulu.

oukira obisika

chamanyazi anadza, Chimonko, malinga analandira ndi ofesi ya chidzudzulo Chinsinsi, "amene anamvera" kuti abbot wake. Komabe, poyerekezera ndi chiganizo abale sanali aakulu komanso akuluakulu okha okha kuti athamangitsidwe kumpumulo wina. Komabe, popeza ndiye agulupa (St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky) pang'onopang'ono anayamba kutha. Mu Russia, mphamvu aboma wakhala patsogolo pa mpingo, ndithudi, kuti zogona, akumenya woukira ndale, sakanakhoza kudalira thandizo la Synod Woyera.

Chiyembekezo chakuti woyamba wa agulupa ya

Udindo wa cloister zasintha kwa bwino mu ulamuliro lotsatira. Komanso, mu 1770, pamene Ekaterina II, waya, monga amadziwika, ndi kusiya kupembedza ndale, amene kuyamwa m'mayiko mpingo, agulupa ya St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky chiyani linathetsedwa, ndipo m'gawo lake Nicholas mpingo analandira udindo wa mpingo yathu.

Patapita zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, chifukwa zokhumba zambiri za m'deralo ndi mamembala a atsogoleri, ndi lamulo la Moscow Theological Consistory ansembe yotchedwa (Nicholas Berlyukovsky) anapezanso ufulu wawo. Komabe, akale ufulu kuganiza m'bale wake sikunapite pachabe - agulupa analandira udindo wa chipululu zigawo kuti akapanda ndi akuluakulu kachipembedzo ka thandizo chuma ndipo ayenera kuti analipo kokha kuchokera ku chuma chake. M'chakachi, ngati mchitidwe umenewu moperewera wa Moscow chigawocho, panali eyiti.

Mu mothandizidwa ndi Metropolitan Platon

Rector ya agulupa nakhalanso anaikidwa Joasaph mmonke - munthu osati okonda zachipembedzo, komanso ali chabwino lili ndi akatswiri a zachuma ndi malonda. Iye anatha apeze kum'khulupirira mtsogoleri kwambiri mpingo pa nthawi ya Metropolitan Platon (Levshin), anali chikoka chachikulu pa bwalo, chifukwa cha thandizo lake, kuti akalandire madalitso ndi, Chofunika, ndalama kwa pomanga mpingo watsopano wodzipereka kwa Utatu Woyera. Ntchito yomanga inatha, Metropolitan Platon panokha opatulidwira iye, ndi inemwini, anapanga zopereka kwambiri mabuku mapemphero, ndi ziwiya zosiyanasiyana.

M'badwo wa zomangamanga yogwira obisika ndi

Atamwalira Abbot Ioasafa, M'chaka cha 1794, agulupa anapitiriza kuwonjezeka. Mu XIX m'ma m'gawo lake anamangapo nyumba zosiyanasiyana monga cholinga mapemphero ndi zachuma. Mu 1835 zinachitika kachisi wa Khristu Mpulumutsi anaika, yemwe anadzakhala pakati kamangidwe ka zovuta kumene kumakhala Amonke.

Komanso, nyumba kwambiri lodziwika zimamangidwa mu 1840. Chipata mwala mpingo polemekeza Vasiliya Velikogo ndipo anamangidwa mu 1851, belu nsanja, imene analeredwa ndi belu masekeli pa zikwi mapaundi. Komanso, patapita zaka ziwiri abale ndi kudzipereka wapadera wa mpingo watsopano mwala, anamanga pa zopereka za munthu wamalonda FF Nabilkina.

Wapadera obisika belu nsanja

The cha m'ma XIX zinali zodzaza ndi pomanga yomanga kwambiri odzitukumula, amene anakhala wotchuka lonse Russia Nicholas Berlyukovskaya zipululu. Agulupa anali kupeza njira ndi mwayi kumanga umodzi wa wapamwamba mabelu Russian. Nyumba imeneyi, cholinga ndi Moscow wamanga Aleksandra Stepanovicha Kaminskogo, wapadera ndipo ngati chipilala mapulani ndi molimba zomangamanga ntchito.

kutalika kwake ndi mamita makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu, ndi pamwamba pa izo aposa ndi mtanda, ukaponye mbuye Shuvalov za mkuwa ofiira ndi vesivshim makilogalamu oposa asanu. kumanga onse zinachitikadi pa zopereka zaufulu ndi amalonda matauni Samoilova Lyapino abale.

The abolishment yachiwiri ya agulupa

Mu 1920, ndawala odana ndi chipembedzo kugwiridwa ndi boma latsopano, wafika Avdotyino. Nicholas Berlyukovsky obisika Anatseka, ambiri a nyumba zake ntchito zosowa zosiyanasiyana zapakhomo ndipo inasanduka mpingo waukulu ku parishi ya. Patapita chaka wowonjezera ntchito kulibe Mulungu, boma linaletsa akuguba achipembedzo, ndipo mu 1922 kutulutsa katundu zamtengo.

Requisitioned ziwiya zonse za siliva, kuphatikizapo muli, malipilo mafano ndi mabuku mapemphero, komanso pectoral ndi guwa mitanda. Mugawo la mapemphero Auzimu mu mpingo linamalizidwa mu February 1930. Zonse nthawi zambiri, mpaka ku nineties oyambirira, nyumba obisika ankagwiritsa ntchito zolinga mwangwiro malonda.

Chitsitsimutso cha obisika ndi

Chiyambi cha chitsitsimutso cha obisika ayenera kuonedwa monga m'dzinja la 1992, pamene anthu opembedza unakhazikitsidwa ndipo anawawerenga Khristu Mpulumutsi Cathedral. Komabe, kubwezeretsa ntchito zinamutengera nthawi yaitali, ndi chipembedzo choyamba anali anthu okhawo 2004. Chochitika ichi chinali chiyambi cha watsopano nthawi zakale zomwe anabwera Nikolo Berlyukovsky obisika. Ndandanda wa Divine Services, anaonekera pakhomo wake pambuyo yopuma yaitali, zinali chizindikiro cha kulenganso wauzimu akubwera. Ndiye mpingo belu nsanja ndi mbali ya m'dziko la obisika akhala mwalamulo m'manja mwa mpingo utangoyamba kumene.

Chinthu chofunikira mu chitsitsimutso cha obisika anali zochita za Synod Woyera, awalandira pa January 2006 msonkhano. Malinga ndi lamulo lake, mpingo, umene opareshoni makamaka ngati parishi ndi, atangokhala kwa Nicholas Berlyukovsky obisika. Photos obisika anabwerera kwa okhulupirira patapita zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi manyazi, amene timapemphera nkhaniyi. Iwo zikuyendera.

Ntchito anayamba pa obisika ndi

Patsogolo kukhala nthawi yaitali ntchito kubwezeretsa zonse kotero mopanda chisoni kuwonongedwa, ndipo wayamba kale. Atangochoka kupereka udindo boma ansembe ndi pamwamba pa belo nsanja anaukitsidwa pyatnadtsatimetrovaya chimphika, aposa ndi mtanda gilded. Kachiwiri inawala pa obisika chizindikiro cha nsembe yansembe ya Kristu.

Mu 2011, abale obisika anayamba ntchito yapadera - ". Romanov Yendani Omveka" chilengedwere Malinga ndi olemba, ichi ayenera kuikidwa zipilala kwa akuluakulu a mafumu omwe analamulira Russia kwa zaka mazana atatu. Lero, mu chikumbutso ichi, analengedwa monga msonkho kwa chikumbukiro cha Romanovs anamangidwa chipilala woyamba anayi.

The kwathunthu wobwezeretsedwa ndi mpingo misonkhano, anakopeka m'zaka za m'mbuyo, zikwi wogonera mu St. Nicholas ansembe yotchedwa Berlyukovsky. Ndandanda wa Khristu ntchito mpingo mpulumutsi monzama mogwirizana ndi dongosolo lokhazikitsidwa kwa ambiri makachisi. Pa mlungu polunochnitsa, matins ndi maola kuyambira pa 6:00 am, Divine mapemphero - 8:00, Vespers - pa 17:30. Pa maholide, dongosolo angasinthe, koma angapezeke pa webusaiti obisika.

St. Nicholas ansembe yotchedwa Berlyukovsky - momwe kuti iye?

Ngakhale kuti omanga ndi lokonza ya agulupa akadali kugwira ntchito kwambiri, ndi kale zotheka kuona ambiri a Apaulendo kubwera kuno osati kuchokera Moscow ndi midzi yoyandikana nayo, komanso kuchokera konsekonse mu dziko. Ife kudziŵitsa kwa iwo ofuna kukaona agulupa ya St. Nicholas Berlyukovsky, adiresi: Moscow Region, Noginsk District, Avdotyino .. Mukhoza kuchikwaniritsa № basi 321 kuchokera okwerera sitima "Shchelkovskaya" asiye pa. Avdotyino. Kapenanso Yaroslavsky sitima ochokera ku siteshoni Chkalovskaya, ndipo patsogolo basi chomwecho № 321.