Hypersonic chida "zircon": Features

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ku United States ali intensively osauka dziko chida chitetezo dongosolo lawo. Chilakolako cha boma US kuika ena mfundo za chida dongosolo ake odziteteza ku Eastern Europe kwachititsa kuti chiyambi cha mtundu wa zida chida nyukiliya pakati pa United States ndi Russia.

Kugwirizana zida supersonic

Chifukwa cha phindu mkulu wa chida chitetezo US pafupi malire Russia, Unduna wa silikhali anasankha njira kutsutsa mwachangu izi ndi kupanga latsopano hypersonic chida. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi LC 22 - hypersonic chida "zircon". Russia, malinga ndi akatswiri asilikali, adzakhala angathe kutsutsa akagwiriridwa aliyense angathe pokhapokha ngati mwachangu modernize gulu lake lankhondo ndi asilikali.

Mfundo yaikulu ya wamakono wa Russian Navy

Popeza 2011, malinga ndi dongosolo la Russian silikhali Utumiki ntchito pa chilengedwe cha chotero chida lapadera, ngati roketi "zircon". Kaperekedwe chida supersonic chimasiyanitsa chinthu chimodzi chofanana - liwiro apamwamba. Ali ndi liwiro ngati kuti mdani kokha sikovuta mawu a intercepting iwo, koma pamene akuyesa kuti azindikire. Akatswiri asilikali, mwinatu kwambiri ndi olusa njira iliyonse lero ndi sitima chida "zircon". Mankhwala mbali amati chida patsogolo hypersonic mpweya ndi lupanga la Russian apanyanja.

Wopezeka TV

Kwa nthawi yoyamba ntchito kwa woyambirira wa zovuta ndi hypersonic sitima chida "zircon" nyanja Kuika anaonekera pa TV mu February 2011. Zida anakhala atsopano Integrated chitukuko cha okonza Russian.

Moti zoti wa chida zovuta "zircon" anali chidule cha 3Q-22.

linali lakuti kuti bungweli wayamba citukuko ca roketi ogwira imathamanga mpaka Mach 13, kupyoza liwiro phokoso mu nthawi 12-13 mu August chaka cha 2011, woyang'anira wamkulu wa Concern "Tactical mivi" Boris Obnosov. (Yerekezerani lero mlingo wa mizinga kuukira Russian Navy - mpaka 2.5 Mach).

izo ananena kuti kwa kanthawi kochepa chikuyembekezeka kukhazikitsa mayeso oyamba a mizinga hypersonic Mu 2012, wachiwiri kwa nduna ya Kuteteza la Russia.

magwero Open inanena kuti chitukuko cha sitimayo zovuta hypersonic chida "zircon" zopatsidwa "NPO Machine Building". Amadziwika kuti makhalidwe luso unsembe mudziwe zimagawidwa inanena umboni zokayikitsa: osiyanasiyana - 300-400 Km liwiro - Mach 5-6.

Pali zosatsimikiza malipoti malinga ndi zomwe chida ndi Baibulo supersonic a "BrahMos" supersonic sitima mzinga, amene anali mwakuchita okonza Russian mogwirizana ndi akatswiri Indian pamaziko a mivi "onekisi" P-800. Mu 2016 (February) ndi BrahMos Azamlengalenga analengeza kuti mota hypersonic ana ake akhoza anayamba pasanathe zaka 3-4.

Mu March 2016 TV inauzidwa mayesero oyambirira hypersonic chida "zircon", omwe ikuchitika pansi Launch zovuta.

Mu m'tsogolo, anakonza kukhazikitsa "zircon" mu zatsopano Russian sitima zankhondo "Husky". Panthawi imeneyi, izi Mipikisano cholinga nyukiliya sitima zankhondo m'badwo 5 mwakuchita Design Bureau "Malachite".

Pa nthawi yomweyo atolankhani zambiri anapangidwa poyera kuti mayesero ndege anthu kapangidwe roketi ali pachimake. Akamaliza chikuyembekezeka kuti chiweruzo cha kuvomereza "zircon" mu Russian apanyanja. Mu April 2016, zinali kufalitsa zomwe chida kuyesedwa "zircon" zikakwaniritsidwa ndi 2017, ndipo mu 2018 akuyenera kukhazikitsa ulimi.

Development ndi kuyezetsa

Mu 2011, gulu "Tactical mivi" wayamba kupanga hypersonic odana sitima mivi "zircon". Features la zida zatsopano, akatswiri amanena, ndi amafananadi ndi kuika analipo a "Fireball".

Mu 2012 ndi mu 2013 ku malo a latsopano chida mayeso kunachitidwa mu Akhtubinsk. Monga chotengera ntchito ndege "Lachiwiri-22M3". The chifukwa cha mayesero ikuchitika anali mapeto chifukwa cha analephera kuyamba-mmwamba ndi waufupi ndege warhead. mayesero wotsatira kunachitika mu 2015 ndi udindo wa atolankhani pansi Launch zovuta. Tsopano chombo "zircon" unayambitsidwa kuyambira mwadzidzidzi. Features 2016 pamene kudziyesa zinali zosangalatsa, chimatipangitsa kutukula kulengeza mu media za latsopano hypersonic chida.

Kumene tinakonza kuti ntchito mizinga latsopano?

Pambuyo mapeto a anapitiriza mayesero boma wopita mivi hypersonic akhale okonzeka ndi "Husky" (Mipikisano cholinga nyukiliya sitima zankhondo), cruisers "Mtsogoleri" ndipo akweza nyukiliya zoyendetsedwa cruiser "Orlan" ndi "Petr Veliky". Pa cruiser katundu nyukiliya "asilikali Nakhimov" amagwiritsidwanso anaika mivi odana ngalawa "zircon". Features ya zida latsopano mkulu-liwiro ndi apamwamba kuposa anthu a zanyengo wake - mwachitsanzo, monga ya "Granit". M'kupita kwa nthawi, adzakhululukidwa n'kuikapo LC-22. Kwambiri zingamuthandize ndi modernized sitima zankhondo ndipo pamwamba luso roketi "zircon" zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito.

makhalidwe luso

• Chida osiyanasiyana makilomita 1,500.
• Unsembe ali mathamangidwe za Mach 6. (Mach 1 ndiyofanana ndi mamita 331 pa mphindi).
• Warhead ZK 22 akulemera makilogalamu pafupifupi 200.
• 500 Km - utali wozungulira cha chiwonongeko, amene ali hypersonic chida "zircon".

Features zida maziko kuweruza ukulu wa mwini wa asilikali awo pa mdani, alibe zida zotere.

Engine ndi mafuta

Hypersonic kapena ultrafast ankaona chinthu amene mathamangidwe si zosakwana 4500 Km / h. Polenga zida zotere kutukula mavuto ambiri sayansi ndi luso. Mwa iwo ndi mafunso zogwirizana kwambiri za mmene kugwiritsa chida mathamangitsidwe, ntchito ochiritsira kwakusiyana injini ndi ntchito mafuta? Asayansi Russian ndi kutukula, anaganiza: angafalitsire LC 22 ntchito yapadera roketi-ramjet injini, amene amakhala ndi kuyaka supersonic. deta ntchito pa injini latsopano mafuta "Detsilin - M" imene ili chofuna kuchita chinawonjezeka mowa mphamvu (20%).

madera nawo chitukuko cha sayansi

Mkulu kutentha ndi malo mwachizolowezi, amene chikuchitika pambuyo overclocking kuthawa kwanu kuuluka chida "zircon". Features homing pa liwiro supersonic pa ndege zikhoza kwambiri pamfundo. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi zosayembekezereka wa madzi mtambo amene akhoza kutseka kwa dongosolo chandamale ndi kuwononga sensa, mlongoti ndi ulamuliro zipangizo. Kuuluka pa hypersonic imathamanga mivi ayenera akhale okonzeka ndi avionics chipangizo kwambiri. Kupanga siriyo wa HCC 22 sayansi nawo monga zipangizo, injini, zamagetsi, aerodynamics, ndi ena.

Kodi cholinga chida "zircon" (Russia) unakhazikitsidwa?

Makhalidwe analandira pambuyo mayesero boma, amati izi zinthu supersonic mosavuta kugonjetsa chitetezo odana thanki. Izi zidatheka chifukwa cha mbali ziwiri chibadidwe ZK 22:

• warhead mathamangidwe pa kutalika 100 Km 15 Max, T. e. 7 km / gawo.
• Ali wandiweyani wosanjikiza mumlengalenga, kale asanasamukire ku chandamale warhead ake kuchita ayendetsa zovuta zimene complicates ntchito chida mdani.

Akatswiri ambiri ankhondo, onse Russian ndi achilendo, amakhulupirira kuti akwaniritse parity njira zimadalira kupezeka kwa mizinga hypersonic.

Pa chiyembekezo cha

TV zikukangalika ikukambidwayo zokhudza US kusunga ndi Russia mu nkhani za chitukuko cha mivi hypersonic. Mu mawu awo atolankhani amanena kuti deta kafukufuku asilikali US. Zikamera wa Russian asilikali onyamula zida ngakhale masiku ano kuposa chida "zircon" zida hypersonic chikuyembekezeka mu 2020. US chida chitetezo dongosolo, amene chimodzi cha machitidwe zapamwamba kwambiri mu dziko, ndi zikamera wa liwiro kwambiri zida za nyukiliya mu Russian Air Force atero, mu maganizo a atolankhani, umavuta.

undeclared manja mtundu akupitiriza dziko zamakono. Hypersonic Chida amanena za luso lamakono, omwe m'zaka 21 adzakhala kumathandiza molimba zotsatira za nkhondo. Osati mwangozi mu 2000, Pulezidenti George. W. Chitsamba Choyaka anasaina analamulidwa kuti kwasanduka zenizeni kuthekera ntchito mofulumira kuponya padziko lonse ntchito mogometsa hypersonic mivi wovuta.

N'zosavuta ndikuganiza amene anafuna. Mwina n'chifukwa chake chinafotokozedwa ntchito mu October 2016 Russian silikhali Minister Sergei Shoigu, nkhondo Syria, X-101 - zatsopano mivi sitima, amene osiyanasiyana kanthu - za 4500 Km.

Hypersonic chida "zircon" makhalidwe a zimene zimapereka mwayi waukulu kwambiri zida ndi asilikali ake ndi "golide maloto" wankhondo iliyonse, mtumiki ndi pulezidenti. Pamaso pa zida zimenezi zikhoza kukhala cholepheretsa kwambiri nkhondo iliyonse nkhondo.