Howitzer "Tulip". "Tulip" - 240 millimeter kudziletsa injini matope chomera

Russia - dziko lalikulu, ndi anakumana ndi dziko. Chifukwa, pafupifupi mphindi kumenyana yofuna yokhudza usilikali Russian kapena zida Russian ndi zida. Atakhala kuti Kugonjetsa perete m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana, mukhoza kuona zida momwe osiyanasiyana: zida zankhondo, akasinja, asilikali roketi, magalimoto ndi magalimoto zolinga zosiyana.

Mayina a njira zake, woyamba kupereka zachilendo: ndege "Swift" ndi "Mig" kukhazikitsa "Grad", "mphepo yamkuntho", "peony" ndi gulu la howitzers kuimfa - "mthethe", "huwakinto" ndi "Tulip". Howitzer "Tulip" - mmodzi wa maluwa okongola kwambiri a zida zankhondo, tiyeni tiyang'ane pa izo mwatsatanetsatane.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Pansi Khrushchev asilikali zida zankhondo, mfundo yake amati malinga ndi zofunikira za nthawi. Panafunika chitukuko nkhondo. Pa nthawi imeneyo, mu gawo experimental mayeso munali zitsanzo zingapo zingamuthandize amene kubaya zida za thanki iliyonse. Koma kuti anasandulika kuchichita, ndi zida anawachotsa.

Chinachake kwinakwake apulumuka, munthu dzanja anaukitsidwa kwa disassemble mkalengedwe kanu, chotero, mu Museum magalimoto oti muli nazo zida mu Kubinka tsopano ayima antitank mfuti SU-100P "Taran".

The Vietnam nkhondo bwino anasonyeza backlog a zida zankhondo yathu ku US. US M109 ntchito malo amene angakaphe chandamale pa mtunda wa 14 Km. Owonjezera anayamba kukumbukira zakale nthawi opaleshoni, kuti andipeze ndi West mu chitukuko cha zida zankhondo. Ndiye iwo unayambitsidwa mu Urals ya kulenga zida kuboola maluwa - "mthethe", "huwakinto" ndi "Tulip" - howitzer chithunzithunzi anapereka m'munsimu. Masiku anapatsidwa lalifupi, ndi kale mu 1971 makina anali kumunda anayesedwa ndi mu utumiki. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, khalani komweko, kumene, ndi ena revisions ndi zosintha.

Pangano kolowera "Tulip"

240 mm kudziletsa injini matope wagawo lakonzedwa chiwonongeko cha nyumba ndi malinga, zimene mdani amagwiritsa ntchito monga malo okhala kwa anthu oti awo, zipangizo, mfundo lamulo ndi aya, zida zankhondo, etc., palibe chifukwa msipu-moto zida zankhondo. No analogues mu dziko, howitzers ndi mortars mayiko ena ndi likungosonyeza ang'onoang'ono ndi makhalidwe osiyana kwambiri.

Kupatula zipolopolo mwachizolowezi, Howitzer "Tulip" akhoza moto zokwana nyukiliya yokha otsala pa mtunda otetezeka ku kuphulika lapansi. Mpaka "Tulip" anali atakonzekera ndi 240 mm towed M-240 matope, ntchito kuyambira 1950 mu 1971 anali ndi ntchito yofanana mu kuwombera ndi luso ozama, koma matope M-240 sichidziwika m'manja, ndi zochepa maneuverability, pamafunika zinanso nthawi kubweretsa mu mkhalidwe tcheru, aiming ndi achire ku malo mfuti.

Kapangidwe ka galimoto nkhondowo

"Tulip" - 240 mm kudziletsa injini matope kolowera. Mamangidwe awa ndi wapachiyambi. Onse zida zankhondo wagawo waima pa denga la alumikizana ndi, oyendetsa, zida ndi zipangizo zili galimotoyo thupi. Ili kumanzere mkulu turret.

Mu zipolopolo zikuphatikizapo ndalama 10 za yogwira-zotakasika ndi mabomba 20 mkulu-zachiwawa. Pakuti njira zonse matope amapangidwa kuti yowotcha, malinga dongosolo hayidiroliki. makolo ake, M-240 konse kumachitika mwa dzanja. Makina nkhondowo paketi, ng'oma, potsegula wapangidwa ndi breech a mbali mbiya. The zosinthika a pamanja potsegula ndi Crane ndi.

Standard kuphulika wanga F-864 ali yolemera makilogalamu 130,7 mlanduwo asanu zachiwawa m'menemo, zomwe zinalembedwa liwiro wanga. Makina Western wakhala inanena kuti kwa M-240 lakonzedwa ndi kuika mu yopanga mabomba yogwira-zotakasika ndi zokwana nyukiliya.

Dizilo injini unsembe "tulip" B-59 amalola kukhala ndi liwiro 60 Km / h pa phula ndipo 30 Km / h pa phunziroli ndi.

Malinga ndi zofunikira za nkhondo zamakono "Tulip" howitzer ali okonzeka ndi chitetezo ndi Angakugonjetseni m'dera kachilombo ndi kanthu. Dongosolo adzapereke ndi miyeso ya makina sikutanthauza maphunziro apadera kwa malo mfuti.

Galimotoyo matope ankagwiritsa ntchito chinthu 305, omwe ndi ofanana kwambiri kwa galimotoyo wa wotsutsa-ndege zovuta "Circle." Zida mbale "Tulip" kupirira zipolopolo likungosonyeza 7-62 mtundu B-32 kuchokera pa mtunda wa 300 m. Sam matope 2B8 galimotoyo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito sayenera kukhala, chifukwa umu ndi m'mene howitzer "Tulip".

makhalidwe a

Dizilo injini B-59 ali ndi mphamvu 520 akavalo ndi limalola liwiro pazipita kuti 62,8 km / h. Chililaka khoma ofukula za 700 mamilimita ndipo ali ikuthamanga osiyanasiyana 500 Km. Komanso ngalande m'lifupi 3 mamita ndi madzi chotchinga akuya 1 mita sadzaleka ndi "tulip".

Katumikira njira imeneyi gulu la anthu 5. Self-injini howitzer "tulip" akulemera makilogalamu 27.500, kutalika - pafupifupi 6.5 m, m'lifupi - mamita 3 ndi kutalika kotala -. 3.2 mamita kuwonjezera waukulu mfuti 240-millimeters, pali kuthandiza chida ndi likungosonyeza wa 7,62.

Unsembe angachite 1 kuwombera pa yokha ndi pa akuloza ngodya ndi okwera pa madigiri 80-82, mbali ya declination 50 madigiri matope zingawononge mipherezero mdani, kubisala kuseri zopinga, iye nthawi kuti anakhalabe patali. Ziribe kanthu chomwe kutsutsako, ndi chida ogwira - Howitzer "Tulip". Kuwombera osiyanasiyana mfuti chachikulu ndi 19 Km kutali.

mayeso

Onse zida za nkhondo pamaso akutsogolera mu utumiki akuthamanga mndandanda wa mayesero. Sindinkafuna apambane cholowa ndi zida zankhondo maluwa. Mmodzi mwa okonza waukulu analankhula za mlanduwo likuyesetsa "mthethe".

Pamene ulamuliro cheke anatenga mosayembekezereka Launch roketi Launcher, pamene iye anali mu malo poyambira. Mwamwayi, zokwana sanali mu roketi lapansi. Chifukwa kuyamba-mmwamba kuyang'anira izo anakokera chomera lonse, osati koma kugunda khoma ndiye iye anayang'ana mmwamba ndipo anayamba wag zosiyana, panalibe ovulala. Komanso "mthethe" vuto ndi kuchotsa mpweya ufa, iwo kudziunjikira mu adalira chipinda. Kunali koyenera kuti akonze kusiyana kuthamanga, mipweya pambuyo zouluka projectile mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti.

Howitzer "Tulip" anasonyeza mbali yabwino. Chandamale ntchito polimbikitsa konkire, anachotsedwa pa iwo kwa zaka zambiri, koma chifukwa mphamvu, iwo anagumula zonse. Pambuyo ananyoza "Tulip" kwa iwo akhali kwene nyuzi akuya mamita 10 ndipo m'lifupi chomwecho.

zipolopolo watsopano howitzers

Mortars kusinthidwa, bwino ndi mivi latsopano anapangidwa kwa iwo. M'pofunikanso osanenapo mmodzi mwa wanga 1K113 "Daredevil." Kutacha mu 80s mochedwa. Mosiyana ndi mabomba ochiritsira, ndi zochepa kuti kutsegula zenera la homing kuwala ndi kuphatikizapo laser kwa kutsata.

Kutali chandamale, pa mtunda wa 200 5000 m, ili spotter ndi designator. Iye zounikira chandamale, kokha pamene wanga ali pa mtunda wa 400-800 m. Mdani ngakhale pamene kupeza mfundo kutsata alibe nthawi kuchita.

Kuwombera ndi projectile wachigunda chandamale utali wozungulira 3.2 mamita ndi Mwina 80-90%.

"Tulip" mu Afghanistan

Pambuyo kunja kuyezetsa kunali koyenera kuti aletse mabomba ochita nkhondo. Afghanistan anali woyamba poipa kwambiri. "Tulip" anali singasiyanitsidwe ndi maluso awo kuti akanthe adani pogona, ndi mbali ina ya phiri, mapanga kudzaza chipolopolo ndi kusiya makhalidwe a chiwonongeko zedi. Makamaka ubwino "Tulip" zinali kuonekera pamene asilikali ake forts, 122mm zipolopolo munakhala mu khoma matope, koma 240 mm kuononga zonse. Chifukwa mbali ya kuwombera, mukhoza kuika 20 mamita kuchokera pampanda wa nyumba, kupereka mbali pazipita ndi kumumenya mdani, amene athawira mbali ina ya nyumbayi, kudziwa chimene "tulip". Mtondo, howitzer, kapena mfuti - liwu luso zilibe kanthu pamene zipolopolo za mluzu pa mutu wake.

Pamene ntchito m'migodi "Daredevil" kuchuluka molondola, anagunda mu nsuwo wa nthumbi, kumene mdani anali kubisala.

Zida zankhondo - mulungu wa nkhondo

Mu Maulendo Ake, asilikali zambiri amadandaula kuti anali zida zankhondo pang'ono, chifukwa si kokwanira. Katundu mfuti hoot amatithandiza kukhulupirira awo ndi amayikanikiza mu nthaka, mu mphamvu weniweni ndi wophiphiritsa wa mdani.

Kuika "Tulip" akuyimabe mu utumiki. Palibe wa maiko mulibe ichi likungosonyeza mortars. Ku Ulaya ndi ku US ndi likungosonyeza si upambana 120 mm.