Mpweya CHIKWANGWANI: katundu, chithunzi, deta, ntchito

MwaukadauloZida mafakitale ndi kumanga mu zaka posachedwapa katswiri kwambiri matekinoloje wachibadidwe latsopano, ambiri mwa imakhudzana ndi zipangizo nzeru. A wosuta wabwinobwino akhoza kuona chiwonetsero cha njira imeneyi pa chitsanzo cha kumanga zipangizo ndi kulolerana wa nsanganizo. Anayambitsa mu zinthu magalimoto carboxylic kuti kuwonjezera masewera ntchito magalimoto. Ndipo ichi si malangizo yonse imene mpweya nsanganizo zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Maziko a chigawo ichi ndi mpweya ulusi, chithunzi limaoneka ina. Ndipotu, makhalidwe zosafanana ndi luso ndi thupi ndipo wapadera ndi yogwira kufalitsa mbadwo watsopano wa nsanganizo.

luso yopanga

Kwa kupanga zopangira ntchito mankhwala kapena zachilengedwe organic ulusi. Komanso, chifukwa cha mankhwala apadera okha mpweya maatomu kukhala ku preform pachiyambi. Waukulu zimakhudza mphamvu kutentha. The ndondomeko zamakono kumaphatikizapo kuchita mapazi angapo kutentha mankhwala. Mu gawo loyamba la kapangidwe chachikulu ndi oxidized pa zikhalidwe za kutentha kwa 250 ° C. Mu sitepe yotsatira yokonza ulusi mpweya mu carbonization ndondomeko chimaposa, chifukwa chimene chuma usavutike mu mlengalenga asafe pa kutentha kwa 1500 ° C. Choncho graphite ngati dongosolo aumbike. Iwo anamaliza kulemba lonse kupanga ndondomeko ya processing komaliza mu mawonekedwe a graphitization pa 3000 ° C. Pa nthawi imeneyi a oyera mpweya zili mu ulusi monga mkulu monga 99%.

Kodi mpweya CHIKWANGWANI ntchito?

Mu zaka woyamba popularization zakuthupi ntchito yokhayo m'madera kwambiri apadera, lero pali patsogolo ulimi, umene adamulowetsa khimvolokno anapatsidwa. Mabukuwa ndi kugawa sakanikira ndithu mwa mawu a mphamvu opaleshoni. Zikuoneka kuti ntchito ulusi ngati imatundumukira, koma lero inkayenda Mitundu ya ulaliki wa zinthu kumsika. Makamaka, tikamaona zomangamanga, mankhwala, kupanga zamagetsi, zipangizo kunyumba ndi zina zotero. D. Mokhudzana ndi madera apadera, ntchito mpweya CHIKWANGWANI akadali zofunika kwa opanga ndege, maelekitirodi mankhwala ndi zipangizo kungolandira.

kupanga amatha kuumba

Kwenikweni, kutentha zosagwira izi nsalu, Pakati nsalu yarns, osokedwa nsalu, felts ndi D. azimuth monga. More sayansi ndi kupanga nsanganizo. Mwina ndi gawo ambiri lonse, imene ikuimiridwa ndi mpweya CHIKWANGWANI monga mankhwala m'munsi kwa kuŵeta. Makamaka, mayendedwe, kutentha zosagwira zigawo, mbali ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuti ntchito mapangidwe aukali. Nsanganizo makamaka lolunjika pa msika magalimoto Komabe, dera yomanga si wofunitsitsa kuganizira bwana watsopano kuchokera opanga CHIKWANGWANI mankhwala.

katundu zakuthupi

Limatchula za sayansi ya zinthu wasiya chizindikiro chake pa ntchito ya ulusi. Motero, mkulu matenthedwe kukana wakhala yaikulu zimasiyanitsa mbali ya kapangidwe ka nkhani. Komanso makhalidwe ikukhudzana zinthu kugonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala ndi mapangidwe zikuwononga. Komabe, ngati m'kati makutidwe ndi okosijeni pa Kutentha oxygen alipo, zotsatira pa ulusi. Koma mawotchi mphamvu ya mpweya CHIKWANGWANI akhoza kupikisana ndi zipangizo zambiri makolo amene amaonedwa kukhala olimba ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka. Khalidwe limeneli makamaka kutchulidwa mankhwala carboxylic. katundu wina kuti zikufunika mwa akatswiri a zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi luso mayamwidwe. Chifukwa pamwamba yogwira CHIKWANGWANI izi zikhoza kuonedwa monga dongosolo ogwira chothandizira.

opanga

gawo wapakatikati ndi American, Japanese ndi German makampani. Russian luso mderali pafupifupi osati kusanduka m'mbuyomu zaka zingapo ndipo akadali zochokera chitukuko cha Soviet Union. Pakali pano, theka la ulusi opangidwa ku dziko nkhani makampani Japanese Mitsubishi, Kureha, Teijin, ndi ena. The gawo lina lagawidwa pakati pa Germany ndi ku America. Choncho, US ndi kampani Cytec, ndipo mu Germany, chimabala mpweya CHIKWANGWANI kampani SGL. Si kale mu mndandanda wa atsogoleri a zimenezi ndi anadzakhala Taiwanese kampani Formosa mapulasitiki. Pankhani yopanga zoweta, kukula kwa nsanganizo nawo makampani awiri - "Argon" ndi "Anthu anapanga CHIKWANGWANI". Pa nthawi yomweyo zikayenda bwino kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa anapanga Chibelarusi ndi Chiyukireniya amalonda, kukhala kagawo kakang'ono latsopano ntchito malonda mpweya CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa mapulasitiki.

Tsogolo ulusi mpweya

Chifukwa mitundu ina ya mpweya CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa mapulasitiki posachedwapa adzalola kuti apange mankhwala akhoza kusunga dongosolo choyambirira zaka mamilioni, akatswiri ambiri kuneneratu oversupply wa mankhwala amenewa. Ngakhale zili chomwechi, makampani chidwi akupitirizabe kukhala mtundu wa kukweza sayansi. Ndiponso m'njira zambiri izi wolungama, popeza katundu ulusi mpweya pa dongosolo la udzakwaniritsidwa kuposa zipangizo chikhalidwe cha khalidwe. Wokwanira kukumbukira mphamvu ndi kutentha kukana. Kuchokera pa ubwino, kutukula ndi mbuye malangizo atsopano chitukuko. Mawu oyamba a chuma mosakayika sakuphatikizapo apadera dera, komanso pafupi ndi malo misa ogula. Mwachitsanzo, ochiritsira pulasitiki, zotayidwa ndi zinthu matabwa akhoza m'malo ndi mpweya CHIKWANGWANI, limene kwa zosiyanasiyana ntchito adzakhala kuposa zipangizo mwachizolowezi.

Pomaliza

kufalitsa lonse wa luso Khimvolokno amavutika ndi zinthu zambiri. Chimodzi mwa zofunika kwambiri ndi kukwera mtengo. Popeza mpweya CHIKWANGWANI amafuna okhudzidwa wa chamagetsi kwa kupanga, kupanga ake sangakwanitse aliyense kampani. Koma izi si chinthu chofunika kwambiri. Popeza kuti si malo onse opanga ndi chidwi kusintha kumeneku kwakukulu amasokoneza. Choncho, kuwongolera kwake kwa zinthu zomangamanga, Mlengi sangathe nthawi zonse kuchita kukweza ofanana pa zigawo pafupi. The chifukwa ndi vutoli zomwe nullifies kupambana onse umisiri.