Federal bajeti - izo ... Chilamulo pa Bajeti Federal

Aliyense ubwino chikhalidwe, kukhazikitsanso mabungwe osakhala phindu chirengedwe, ndi zinthu zina zambiri tanthauzo dziko kwakukulukulu kulipidwa ndi chuma cha dziko. mapangidwe ake ndi structuring - ndondomeko zovuta ndi nthawi yambiri, ndipo mmenemo tidzayesetsa kumvetsa nkhani imeneyi.

Lingaliro la bajeti feduro

The boma bajeti - ndi chuma chachikulu boma lililonse, lomwe ndi dongosolo ubale zochokera ndalama ndi kuvomerezedwa, amene ali mbali ya ndalama boma. National chuma ndalama chimango mapangidwe ake amatenga mbali zofunika umoyo ndi zachuma cha dziko, chimene kuoneka mbali yaikulu ya revenues tsogolo ndalama.

Nawonso boma bajeti ya la Russia akuchita ntchito zofunika mu n'zodalirika a dongosolo boma:

• amalimbikitsa malamulo ena;
• zonse njira chuma dziko;
• watenga mbali mu kusokonekera kwa GDP ndi ndalama dziko;
• akulamulira otaya ndalama.

Monga tikuonera, ntchito mu chida ichi ndalama zambiri, choncho boma bwino wosakanikirana ndi mapangidwe ake ndi structuring, tikapitiriza kulankhula.

Kodi bajeti

Ife tonse tikudziwa kuti boma bajeti - sikungokhudza kusowa ndalama, ndi yaikulu limagwirira, ndipo aliyense wa ife ndikudabwa mfundo ziti motsogozedwa akuluakulu pambuyo anavomereza.

Monga ulamuliro, ovomerezedwa ndi Zachuma mu makutu anayi, kuphatikizapo kuika zotsatirazi ndondomeko:

1. Malinga ndi ziwerengero za mafakitale kiyi akuti kukufikira kwa lipoti nthawi yapita.
2. Komanso ntchito chiyembekezo yomweyo chitukuko umoyo ndi zachuma a boma.
3. Anatsindika mfundo zikuluzikulu za adziwitse msonkho ndi bajeti ndondomeko.
4. ntchito Consolidated bajeti ndi Consolidated bwino ndalama pamaziko a mapulani chitukuko cha madera ofunika.
5. Komanso ntchito mapulogalamu feduro zolinga zosiyanasiyana - kukhulupirira, chuma ndi chitetezo.
6. Mogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe mayiko a pangano ndi udindo ndalama.
7. N'komwe bajeti boma ndalama zina.
8. Tikulingalira pulogalamu adziwitse umalimbana kukhazikitsa ngongole kunja.
9. Bwana mlingo osachepera indexation ya malipiro chikhalidwe.
10. malamulo inaimitsidwa, ndalama si anapereka kwa mfundo zachuma kwa chaka chamawa.

pulogalamu mokakamizidwa

Asilikali boma bajeti ngati chida chuma komanso ali ndi udindo chikhalidwe anthu ake, choncho ena mapulogalamu kuvomerezedwa adakali ndi malo, koma aliyense wa iwo mosamala zili zoletsedwa. Chifukwa chaichi pali ovomerezeka legislatively bwino ndondomeko ya zochita:

• Boma pofuna kulungamitsidwa polojekiti ku mfundo luso ndi chuma view, chifukwa boma zida ayenera kuonetsetsa kufunika ndalama izi kapena kuti ndondomeko ndi Zachuma;
• anapitiriza ntchito zotsatira chikhalidwe ndi chilengedwe cha kubwera kwa dongosolo yeniyeni;
• motsogozedwa ndi malamulo panopa, boma laganiza kuchuluka kwa ndalama mwachindunji ntchito yeniyeni;
• anakonza zina zolembedwa zofunikira.

Mfundo za mapangidwe bajeti feduro

mfundo zokhudza mapangidwe ndi kutaya chuma cha boma, malamulo ndi kuchita mlanduwu - Chilamulo Federal pa Bajeti Federal. Ananena momveka bwino aligorivimu zochita likhoza vuto ndi zofunika kwambiri pa maubwenzi lero oyaka msika. Popeza anali chachilendo kwambiri ndi wodzikweza pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa kapangidwe ka chuma m'chaka panopa kutaya ndalama madalitso chikhalidwe mokomera kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha dziko.

Choncho, aliyense, ngakhale a mwana kasamalidwe chikhalidwe cha ndalama za boma umamangidwa ndi malamulo mu mphamvu ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:

• onse utuluke ndalama ndalama anawagawira m'magulu ndi makalasi, malingana ndi kutengera za chuma ndi Kupititsa - zikutanthauza kuti ena mwa revenues wa ndalama m'dera ndi kukhala pa kutaya distilikiti, ndi mosemphanitsa;
• pa kuchepekedwa kumachitika chifukwa ndalama kwambiri vuto utaphimbidwa, komanso kuyambira structural zikuluzikulu za chida cha.

Ambiri, zovuta kufotokoza chuma cha boma kasamalidwe limagwirira mu masentensi angapo, koma tipitirize kuyesa kuthana ndi dongosolo lamavutoli.

Kapangidwe ka ndalama feduro

Ife tonse tamvetsa kuti yaikulu otaya ndalama sangathe angayendetsere akuluakulu wamkulu apamwamba. The boma bajeti - n'ngwosayerekezeka ndi chilichonse ofanana kukula bungwe chuma, ndipo alipo ena ochepa nyumba wamba lamulo ake mu dziko:

• banki;
• wosakaniza;
• Zopereka.

Ankachita mu dongosolo banki Russia kuti amalola kuti alembe kayendedwe ka utuluke ndalama pa mlingo wa malipiro ndi malamulo ndi Bank wa Central. Koma kachitidwe amenewa anali opanda ungwiro chifukwa cha kuchedwa amasonyeza, motero anaganiza zopita kwa eni chuma.

kasamalidwe bajeti

Kuwonjezera mfundo za dongosolo, lamulo boma pa bajeti boma ndipo nthawi zonse kaperekedwe ka boma chuma deta.

Choncho, gawo loyamba ndi General Directorate wa Zachuma Federal, amene ali ndi udindo kugwirizanitsa ndalama zonse panopa ndalama, komanso kuwadziwitsa za nthambi wamkulu.

Pa mlingo wachiwiri ndi Dipatimenti Zachuma, mwachindunji subordinated akuluakulu chigawo. Ntchito ya bungwe ili ndi kudziŵitsa matupi apamwamba pa ndalama ndi malamulo a ndalama pa madera ake.

Wachitatu kulamulira siteji monga mzinda m'dera ndi chuma chigawo, amene achite mlandu wa kayendedwe ka ndalama za boma m'dera kutchula.

Nchito ya ku Central Zachuma

Onse bajeti feduro mulimonse ndi mlandu akapitawo a ku Central Zachuma, amene anapatsidwa angapo ntchito zofunika kwambiri ndi ntchito:

• kufalitsidwa kwa revenues bajeti pakati pa misinkhu yosiyana za boma;
• mbiri malipiro a mtundu uliwonse, kuphatikizapo msonkho, chifukwa cha kufunika dziko;
• kukhazikitsa refunds ndi offsets poponya kapena olakwa anasamutsidwa ndalama pakati pa chuma cha misinkhu yonse;
• Mipherezero kutembenuka, kutenga nkhani zosiyanasiyana deferrals ndi osaphatikizidwamo;
• ndi imposition cha zoletsa zina ndalama;
• mosalekeza polojekiti chowonjezera kuti tichepetse ya chuma cha boma;
• kasamalidwe utuluke zonse ndalama ngongole chuma banki.

magwero a ndalama

Amene amapanga chuma cha boma? Tiyeni tione ophunzira mu ndondomeko lamavutoli ndi mosalekeza:

1. Amakhoma misonkho - kugwira mosalekeza komanso mwadongosolo enumeration enaake pa ndalama ya ndalama ya m'deralo.
2. Bank ku Central molumikizana ndi malonda - bungwe mwachindunji kayendedwe ka ndalama za boma nkhani.
3. Federal Zachuma mayunitsi ake structural - kugwira timva analandira ndalama.
4. matupi Executive, kuphatikizapo State Inspectorate - ndi intermediaries pakati pa opereka ndi udindo Zachuma lolamulira ubwenzi wawo.

Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti n'chofunika kwambiri ndi ophunzira singasiyanitsidwe mu njira iyi ndi mabungwe ntchito kuti ali ndi udindo wina kwa dziko. Koma palinso sanali msonkho revenues, monga ndalama ndi zilango zina anakhumudwitsa m'kupita kwa kugona ndi maulamuliro onse.

magwero mtengo

Consumables bajeti feduro - chifukwa cha mayunitsi Pamudzi, amene ali ndi amadalira mbali ndalama. Kukula kwa gawo lino la chuma cha boma mwachindunji njila kwa zosowa umoyo ndi zachuma a onse anthu ndi dziko lonse. Ndithudi, izi sizikutanthauza kuti iwo ali okhutitsidwa kwathunthu Koma n'komwe mu kukonzekera pachaka. Iwo malinga ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:

• nthambi (linakhazikitsidwa pa zofuna zosiyanasiyana m'madipatimenti ndi mautumiki);
• Kupititsa (dera nawo nzika za dziko, mwachitsanzo anthu);
• zinchito (ndalama ikutsatiridwa malinga ndi mapulogalamu ananena chandamale, kuphatikizapo mafunso chikhalidwe, zachilengedwe, sayansi ndi zina zikhoza kugwida).

zosankha uliwonse pa ndalama onse atengedwa mwachindunji ku Central Zachuma ndi Unduna wa Zachuma.

moyenera bajeti

Bajeti boma la Chitaganya cha Russia masiku ano sanathe popitilira bwino, lomwe, mfundo, zimachitika mu dziko - pali chinachake kuposa ndalama kapena ndalama.

Choncho, mu 90s Mu zaka zapitazo panali mosalekeza ndi kuchepekedwa zachuma, kutanthauza kuti zofuna za lamulo ndi zachuma a boma anali akulu koposa otaya ndalama amakhoma misonkho.

Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwapa zinthu zasintha zosiyana, ndipo pa nthawiyo pali zotsala azilandira chuma cha dziko.

Lamulo bajeti feduro

Ntchito yaikulu kwambiri imene boma tsopano - kuonjezera Mwachangu zachuma pa maziko a mfundo yachilendo, kutanthauza kuti poyamba pa zonse nthawi Kapangidwe ka ndalama pagulu. zosiyanasiyanazo TV mfundo kasamalidwe chikhalidwe nthawi Chilamulo Federal pa Bajeti Federal.

Koma ife tonse kumvetsa kuti n'zovuta kulosera chilichonse ngati asapita wosakhazikika msika, amene kwakukulukulu amadalira mgwirizano wa mayiko. Choncho, ndi mmene zinthu posachedwapa wapadera olimba thumba, umalimbana ndi kuthandiza kukula zachuma kudzera surpluses zachuma wakhala analenga.