Elena Glinskaya: kusintha (onani gome). Kusintha ndalama Elena Glinsky ndi chofunikira ake

kusintha Elena Glinsky kunachitika akukhala achinyamata ogwirizana Russian boma anasintha moyo wake moyo, akusiya kuti inatha kwa nyengo ya kugawikana.

Kudziwa Elena Glinsky

Mu 1533, iye anamwalira Grand Prince Vasily III. mkazi wake woyamba sanathe n'kubereka naye mwana. Choncho, asanamwalire, iye ukwati wake wachiwiri, ngakhale kuti zinali zosagwirizana ndi malamulo a mpingo. mkazi wake wachiwiri anali Elena Glinskaya. Monga mu ufumu uliwonse, mu Moscow ukulu, pakalibe wolowa nyumba zikuchepa kunayambitsa funso la kusintha kwa mphamvu. Chifukwa cha ichi, moyo wa wolamulirayo anakhala mbali yosatha ya moyo pagulu.

Elena anabereka ana aamuna awiri, Basil - Ivan ndi Yuri. The wamkulu wa iwo anabadwa mu 1530. Pa nthawi ya imfa ya atate ake anali ndi zaka zitatu zokha. Choncho, bungwe regency anali anasonkhana Moscow, zimene zinaphatikizapo olemekezeka ku otchuka mabanja osiyana lolemera.

Board Elena Glinsky

Pa mutu wa boma anaima Elena Vasilevna Glinskaya - mayi wa kalonga khanda. Iye anali ndi achinyamata mphamvu. Malinga ndi lamulo ndi miyambo Elena anali m'manja mphamvu Mwana wake, pamene umalandira zaka ambiri (zaka 17).

Komabe, regent anafa mwadzidzidzi mu 1538 pa msinkhu wa zaka 30. Mu Moscow Panali mphekesera zoti kuti iye pomudyetsanso poizoni boyars Shuisky amene ankafuna kugona yokha mphamvu zonse m'bwalomo. mwanjira ina, koma zimayambitsa chenicheni cha imfa konse Mukalongosola. Mphamvu khumi wina ankadutsa boyars. Zinali zipolowe komanso nkhanza zomwe zinakhudza khalidwe la mfumu ya m'tsogolo.

Komabe yochepa ya Elena anakwanitsa kukhazikitsa kusintha boma ambiri, amene ankafuna kusintha moyo mu dziko.

ANAKULIRA kusintha ndalama

Mu 1535 anayamba kusandulika kochuruka kwa dongosolo la ndalama, ndi Mlengi amene anali Elena Glinskaya. Kusintha atha zaka zambirimbiri. Pamene Ivan III ndi Vasily III Muscovy kuti agwirizane naye m'madera ambiri atsopano mwayekha (Republic of Novgorod, Pskov, Ryazan ukulu, ndi zina zotero. D.). Mu dera lililonse pali nazo ndalama. Rubles osiyana ndime mtengo, Ndalama, wapatali zitsulo magawo, ndi zina zotero. D. Ngakhale unit akalonga palokha, aliyense wa iwo anali yake timbewu ndipo anatsimikiza mfundo zachuma.

Tsopano onse a anthuwo m'mayiko Russian anali mu ulamuliro Moscow. Koma kusatsatira ndalama zinachititsa kuti vuto la malonda kwapakati pa-dera. Kawirikawiri, maphwando kuti iwowo sitingapeze kukhazikika pakati pawo chifukwa cha mismatch wa ndalama zawo. chisokonezo ichi sangakhale popanda zotsatira. Kudutsa dziko, tinakwera achinyengo amene madzi msika shoddy fakes. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana ntchito zawo. Imodzi mwa ndalama wotchuka anadulidwa. Mu zaka 30, chiwerengero cha ndalama otsika khalidwe anakhala pachiswe. Zilibe kuthandiza olakwa chilango.

Akamanena za kusintha

Sitepe yoyamba pofuna kuthetsa vuto la zachuma anali woti akhale loletsa ndalama regalia (ufulu timbewu), akale maukulu free, pa gawo limene anali mints yake. Mfundo yaikulu ya kusintha ndalama Elena Glinsky - ndi kugwirizana kwa lonse dongosolo ndalama.

Panthawi imeneyi, chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha amalonda a ku Ulaya, amene mosangalala anapita malonda ku misika ya Muscovy. Panali ambiri osowa malonda yachilendo ya katundu (tsitsi, zitsulo, ndi zina zotero. D.). Koma kukula kwa malonda ndi akulephera chipwirikiti cha ndalama zachinyengo mu Moscow ukulu. Kusintha ndalama Elena Glinsky anali ndi vutoli.

Kupitiriza malamulo a Basil III

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kusintha kwa miyezo ndalama mfundo ziti zina pansi Vasily III. Kalonga anatsogolera yogwira mfundo yachilendo (nkhondo ndi Lithuania, Crimea, ndi zina zotero. D.). Ndalama asilikali dala utachepa chifukwa kuwonongeka mu khalidwe la ndalama, imene yafupika chiwerengero cha zitsulo mfulu. Koma Vasily III anafa asanakalambe. Choncho, kusintha kwa ndalama Elena Glinsky zinachitika mu Pakagwa. Mwana wamkazi wa mfumu ali athana ndi ntchito mu nthawi yochepa. Izi zitha anafotokoza chifukwa chakuti iye anali kuthandiza mwakhama zochitika za Basil, pamene anali ndi moyo. N'chifukwa chake Elena Glinskaya ankadziwa milandu onse ndi miyeso kutero. Chipwirikiti imeneyi mu za Boyar Duma ndi Council Regency sinathe kuteteza wolamulira wachinyamata.

kusintha

Mu February 1535, ku Moscow analengeza lamulo pa kusintha kufalitsidwa ndalama. Choyamba, ndalama zonse akale amene zinapangidwa lisanafike tsiku ndi chitatha (onse maonekedwe otsika kalasi ndi ndalama zoyenera khalidwe). Kachiwiri, ife anayambitsa ndalama latsopano, kupenda lachitatu la galamu a. Pakuti mayiko midzi ang'ono nawonso anayamba ndalama timbewu mu kawiri mbandakucha (0.17 magalamu). Iwo ankatchedwa khobiri. Ndiye mwalamulo mawu a Turkey chiyambi "ndalama" wakhala lokhazikika. Poyamba nawagawira mwa Chitata.

Komabe, panali Akumakambirananso kuti kusamalira kusintha ndalama Elena Glinsky. Mwachidule kulankhula, Veliky Novgorod anaitana ena kupatula. Mzinda umenewu unali likulu la wamalonda ukulu. Anyakugulisa anabwera kuno kuchokera ku Ulaya. Choncho Novgorod ndalama afika kulemera lake (kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili za magalamu) kwa kuwerengetsera mosavuta. Pa iwo anali pamahatchi, zida ndi nthungo. Chifukwa cha ichi, ndalama izi ankatchedwa khobiri. Kenako mawu anafalikira m'dziko Russia.

zotsatira

N'zovuta Musaone ubwino umene anabweretsa Elena Glinsky kusintha mwachidule zovuta kufotokoza. Iwo athandiza dziko kusamukira ku gawo latsopano chitukuko. Dongosolo umodzi ndalama kuti magawowa ndipo imathandizira malonda. M'madera akutali anayamba kuoneka katundu osowa. Utachepa njala. Anyakugulisa analemera ndi padera phindu lawo pa ntchito yatsopano, kulera chuma dziko.

Ndi bwino khalidwe la ndalama, amene zinapangidwa ku Moscow. Mwa amalonda a ku Ulaya anayamba kusangalala ulemu ndalama Russian. Gwiritsani malonda kunja kwa dzikolo, adzagulitsa katundu osowa kudziko lina anapereka ndalama zambiri ndithu ku cuma. Zonsezi zinathandiza kuti kusintha kwa Elena Glinsky. Tebulo limasonyeza mbali yaikulu ya kusintha awa chuma chokha, komanso muzochitika zina za anthu.

kusintha atadzipaka mmilomo

Mfumukazi Elena Glinskaya, kumene kusintha si mapeto mu zachuma, nayenso zayamba kusintha dongosolo la boma. Kusintha malire boma ndi mwamuna wake zinachititsa chakuti wakale mkati utsogoleri magawano anakhala operewera. Chifukwa cha kusintha anayamba atadzipaka mmilomo Elena Glinsky. Anafotokoza za boma. The adjective "atadzipaka mmilomo" amachokera ku mawu oti "kupha." Kusintha komanso kuphimba Kuthi chigawenga kuchigawo chimenechi.

Malinga ndi luso kalonga anaonekera mu dziko labial kanyumba, amene ntchito labial Mtsogoleriyu. matupi amenewa ayenera kuti anayamba ntchito mu mzinda uliwonse parishi. Labial Mtsogoleriyu kuchititsa yesero la achifwamba. mwayi umenewu wachotsedwa kormlenschikov amene anaonekera pamene kukula kwa Moscow ukulu. The boyars, amene ankakhala kunja likulu, si a boma. Nthawi zina mphamvu zawo zinali zoopsa kwambiri pakati ndale.

Choncho, kusintha inayamba mu boma, ndi Mlengi amene anali Elena Glinskaya. Kukonza anayambitsa latsopano zigawo Kupititsa (milomo), zomwe zinagwirizana ndi gawo la zakale kuyang'anira akulu labial. Iwo unagawika malinga ndi ulamuliro chigawenga. Iwo sanasinthe maparishi mwachizolowezi kuti agwirizane ndi malire utsogoleri. Kusintha anayamba ndi Elena ndipo anapitiriza ndi mwana wake Ivan. Mu XVI m'ma mlomo malire ndi townships machesi.

Kusintha Boma

Akuluakulu aboma anasankhidwa kuchokera boyars m'deralo. Iwo umayang'anira Duma, omwe anakumana ku likulu, komanso wopanda khalidwe malamulo. ulamuliro uwu ndi kuyang'anira waswa malamulo a looting, kuba, kupha komanso ntchito ya ndende ndi pankhondo.

Kudulidwa kwa mphamvu za ulamulilo pakati utsogoleli m'dera ndi makhoti kuloledwa Kuonjezera cangu awo. Komanso panali malo a labial Tselovalnik. Iye anasankhidwa kuchokera mwa wamba olemera ndipo anali kuthandiza mkulu wa ku ntchito yake.

Ngati mlandu akhoza kukhala mu milomo kanyumba, iwo anatumiza kuti wopanda khalidwe. zaluso onsewa anali akamayamba nthawi yaitali, koma anaonekera pa nthawi imene malamulo Elena Glinskaya. kusintha The zinachititsa chakuti amalonda ndi apaulendo kukhala otetezeka kuyenda m'misewu. M'dongosolo latsopano anali lipindulitsa pa malo Volga m'mayiko linalanda pa ulamuliro Ivana Groznogo (Kazan ndi Astrakhan khanate).

Labial kanyumba komanso zimathandiza kuti amenyane ziwonetsero odana ndi boma mwa wamba lapansi. Monga tanena kusintha kunali koyenera osati kusintha boma, komanso kuthana ndi feedings. Kalata yomasulira mchitidwewu chakale zinachitika kenako, pamene Helen anayamba pansi Amlowam'malo kuti kusintha malamulo zemskoe. Motero, pa nthawi yoikidwiratu akazembe m'malo mwa wosankhidwa amene bwino ankadziwa parishi wake kuposa akulu ku Moscow.

Ntchito zing'onozing'ono labial

Maonekedwe a kwake labial ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo bungwe yolimbana ndi umbanda ndi chifukwa choganizira za chakuti kuphwanya aliyense wa chilamulo si payekha mwa wolakwiridwayo, ndi nkhonya olimba la dzikolo. Pambuyo Elena Glinsky kamba chigawenga akhala kusinthidwa mu Sudebnik mwana wake. Aliyense Mtsogoleriyu mlomo analandira ndodo (barmen, desyatskih ndi T. D.). chiwerengero chawo kudalira kukula kwa milomo ndiponso chiwerengero cha mabanja moyo mkati mwa wagawo malo.

Pamaso kuti kormlenschikov chinkhoswe yekha mu ndondomeko adversarial ndi accusatory, ndi zinyama anatsogolera ntchito investigative ndi investigative (mwachitsanzo, kufunsira mboni, kufufuza mozama pazomwe, ndi zina zotero. D.). Zinali latsopano mayesero mlingo umene bwino nkhondo upandu. Elena Glinsky kusintha anali sikunachitekepo kutsogolera m'dera limeneli la moyo chikhalidwe.