Electroencephalography - ndichiyani? Kodi electroencephalography?

ubongo wa munthu - dongosolo zovuta. Ndi apa kuti centralize njira ntchito mantha onse akubwera kuchokera mphamvu ndi zikhumbo opangidwa chizindikiro ayankhe kuchita kanthu makamaka.

Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti ubongo amayamba wonongeka. Akuganiza pamaso pa zotupa pathological mu vuto ubongo. njira ochiritsira matenda monga ultrasound, Kujambula, si nthawi zonse kupereka chithunzi chokwanira cha ntchito yake. Zikatero ndikofunikira kugwira kuchotsa akugwirira - chithunzi cha ubongo. Kuphunzira mapangidwe mafunde ubongo wakhala electroencephalography. Ndi chiyani icho?

Kodi njira imeneyi?

Pansi electroencephalography tsopano kumvetsa gawo makamaka a electrophysiology, wakhala kuphunzira ntchito magetsi a ubongo ndi ziwalo yense payekha. kayesedwe The imagwiridwa mwa maelekitirodi wapadera ntchito kwa khungu pa malo osiyanasiyana. ubongo Electroencephalography angathe kugwila kusintha laling'ono kwambiri pa ntchito ya maselo ubongo, zomwe akunenera kuti pamwamba njira zina matenda a matenda a ubongo.

Chifukwa chonse cha ntchito ubongo azimva "chithunzithunzi" kapena pamapindikira - ndi electroencephalogram. N'zotheka kudziwa za madera onse a ntchito ubongo zomwe ziri kuwonetseredwa ndi mafunde zina ndi mungoli. Kutanthauza deta kaimbidwe wa makalata Greek a zilembo (kuonetsetsa osachepera 10 kaimbidwe izi). Aliyense wa iwo zizindikiro timaganiza ena amakhala ntchito ubongo kapena malo enaake zace.

Mbiri ya kafukufuku

Kupenda ubongo ntchito magetsi anali anayambitsa mu 1849, pamene izo zinali kuti ngati minofu kapena mitsempha CHIKWANGWANI, amatha kupanga nyemba magetsi.

Mu 1875, awiri asayansi matanthauzo palokha (Danilevsky ku Russia ndi ku England Caton) anatha kupereka muyeso deta ya ntchito electrophysiological ubongo nyama (phunziro kunachitidwa pa agalu, akalulu ndi anyani).

Zapansi akugwirira anaikidwa mu 1913, pamene Vladimir Vladimirovich Vladimir Pravdich-Neminsky anatha kulemba electroencephalogram woyamba ndi ubongo galu. Choyamba akufuna mawu akuti "elektrotserebrogramma".

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mu encephalogram anthu izo zinalembedwa mu 1928 ndi German wasayansi Hans Berger. Iye akufuna kuti Sinthani dzina liwu electroencephalogram, ndi njira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira 1934, pamene kupezeka kwa mungoli Berger akhala anatsimikizira.

Kodi ndondomeko?

Kulembetsa biopotentials ubongo anachita ndi makina otchedwa ndi electroencephalograph.

Mwachibadwa, kanthu mafunde kwaiye ubongo, ndi ofooka kwambiri, ndipo iwo ndi ovuta kukonza. Ndipo mu nkhani iyi kuti awathandize abwera electroencephalography. Kodi izo tatchulazi. Ndi fixation electroencephalograph Zoyenereza deta ndi phindu podutsa makina.

Zoyenereza zalembedwa chifukwa maelekitirodi oyenerera pa mutu.

Mbendera chifukwa akhoza kulembedwa kapena papepala kapena kusungidwa mu mawonekedwe a pakompyuta (kompyuta akugwirira) kwa atafufuza.

Mbiri yokha wopangidwa ndi ulemu otchedwa ziro angathe. Pakuti ndizovomereka kapena khutu kapena mastoid ndondomeko ya fupa kanthawi, amene si zimatulutsa biocurrents.

Kulembetsa zachitika nyemba maelekitirodi anaika pamwamba pamutu pa ziwembu wapadera. Kwambiri ambiri chiwembu 10-20.

galimoto 10-20

chiwembu Izi muyezo pa elekitirodi Kusinthaku. Iwo amafalitsidwa pa khungu mu ndondomeko izi:

• Mzere woyamba anatsimikiza kuti zikugwirizana pakati pa mphuno ndi inion. Iwo agawidwa 10 zigawo ofanana. The maelekitirodi loyamba ndi lomaliza chagwiritsidwa ankalemekeza woyamba ndi wotsiriza, chakhumi, kwa mzere. The zina maelekitirodi awiri wokwera kwa maelekitirodi awiri oyamba pa mtunda wofanana 1/5 kutalika anapanga kumayambiriro kwa mzere. Chachisanu anaika Midway pakati pa unakhazikitsidwa kale.
• Conventionally anapanga mzere wina pakati pa Makutu meatus kunja. Masensa amene anaika, awiri mbali iliyonse (aliyense Chigawo) ndi mmodzi - pamwamba.
• Kufanana kwa mzere apakatikati pakati pa khosi ndi mlatho wa mphuno mizere wina 4 - lamanja ndi lamanzere parasagitalnye ndi wathupi. Amadutsa maelekitirodi ndi wokwera pa "makutu" wa mzere. Malinga ndi mizere anakhazikitsa maelekitirodi kwambiri (5 - kuti parasaggitalnuyu ndi 3 - pa kanthawi).

Pamwamba okwana mutu elekitirodi 21 anapereka.

Kumasulira zotsatira

Computer electroencephalography zimatanthauza kujambula zotsatira kompyuta ndi kulenga za aliyense Nawonso achichepere mtima. Chifukwa, fixation deta opangidwa oscillations rhythmic mitundu iwiri. Conventionally amatchedwa Alefa ndi beta mafunde.

Woyamba zambiri anakonza boma la mpumulo. Iwo yodziwika ndi voteji 50 dzuwa ndi kayimbidwe kotani ena - 10 pa mphindi.

Akugwirira kugona zachokera mtima mafunde beta. Mosiyana ndi Alpha chikhalidwe cha mafunde, iwo ali ang'onoang'ono kukula ndipo chidzachitika boma akudzuka. zochitika zawo ndi za 30 pa mphindi, ndi voteji - padziko 15-20 MV. mafunde awa amakhala akusonyeza yachibadwa ntchito ubongo boma maso.

Chipatala Electroencephalography zachokera fixation mafunde deta. kupatuka aliyense wa iwo (mwachitsanzo, pakutchulidwa wa alpha-yoweyula mu boma m'maŵa) akusonyeza pamaso pa ndondomeko pathological. Komanso chifukwa angayambitse mafunde pathological encephalogram - theta-mafunde, yoweyula pachimake - kapena kusintha chikhalidwe chawo - zosayembekezereka ya maofesi maliseche.

Features za kafukufukuyo

Chofunika cha kafukufukuyu ndi kulephera kuyenda wodwala. Pamene akuchita ntchito pa electroencephalogram kusokonezedwa kumachitika, zomwe zina kumathandiza decoding yoyenera. Ana, pamaso pa kusokonezedwa ngati mosalephera.

Komanso, ali ndi mavuto yake ndi ana yekha electroencephalography. Kodi izo - kuuza mwana n'kovuta, ndipo sizingatheke kumuthandiza kuti kuvala chisoti ndi maelekitirodi. Zingayambitse mwana kudzimva mantha kuti ndithu kusokoneza zotsatira. N'chifukwa chake makolo ayenera anachenjeza kuti muyenera mwa njira iliyonse m'chakudya chokoma mwana kuvala maelekitirodi.

Pa phunzirolo, nthawi zonse umachitikira mayesero ndi hyperventilation ndi photostimulation. Iwo amakulolani tione kulephera kupita mu ubongo, osati analemba yekha.

osavomerezeka pamaso kuphunzira Baibulo ndipo nthawi zina zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala alionse amene amakhudza ubongo.

Zikuonetsa kuti ndondomeko

Nthawi zina Komabe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita ino?

njira akugwirira zikusonyezedwa milandu zotsatirazi:

• Ndi mbiri ya syncope lachibadwa.
• Kwa nthawi yaitali pali mutu, salabadira mankhwala wambiri.
• Ngati kuphwanya kukumbukira ndi chidwi.
• matenda kugona ndi mavuto ndi tulo ndi kudzutsa.
• Ngati mukukayikira kuti munthu backwardness maganizo chitukuko cha ana.
• Chizungulire komanso kutopa.

Kuwonjezera pa pamwamba, electroencephalography limakupatsani kuyan'ana zotsatira za mankhwala odwala kulandira mtundu wa mankhwala kapena physiotherapy.

njira walola kuti adziwe kupezeka kwa matenda monga khunyu, ubongo zotupa, matenda a minofu ubongo, matenda trophic ndi kupereka magazi minofu ubongo.

Electroencephalography ana imachitika kwa matenda a matenda Pansi, ndi oziziritsa ziwalo, retardation maganizo.

Contraindications kwa ndondomeko

Palokha, ndondomeko ali pafupifupi palibe contraindications. Chinthu chokha chimene zibwezeletsera kukhazikitsa, ndi pamaso pa pamwamba pa mutu kuvulala yaikulu, pachimake njira matenda kapena matabwa postoperative, osati anachiritsidwa pa nthawi ya kafukufukuyu.

ubongo electroencephalography anachita mosamala odwala maganizo achiwawa monga kuziona mkwiyo angathe kutsogolera unit. Pakuti yimitsira odwala zoterezi kugwiritsira asamakhale ndi nkhawa, amene kwambiri kuchepetsa zambiri zili ndondomeko ndi zotsatira mu deta zolakwika.

N'kotheka, chokana kuchita ndondomeko odwala ndi matenda aakulu decompensated a dongosolo mtima. Ngati alipo kunyamula electroencephalograph, ndi bwino ntchito, m'malo wodwala kuphunzira matenda.

Kufunika kwa kufufuza

Mwatsoka, aliyense amadziwa kuti pali njira matenda monga electroencephalography. Kodi izo - amadziwa ngakhale anthu ochepa, nchifukwa chake si onse kupita dokotala za khalidwe lake. Ndipo pachabe, chifukwa njira imeneyi ndi yovuta kwambiri pamene boma ubongo Zoyenereza. Pamene bwino kuchititsa phunziro ndi decoding lolingana kwa deta n'zotheka kuti pafupifupi bwinobwino wa magwiridwe a nyumba ubongo ndi kuli kotheka pathological ndondomeko.

Ndiko kuti, njira imeneyi zimathandiza kudziwa pamaso pa retardation maganizo ana (ngakhale muyenera ndithudi amakumbukira chakuti Zoyenereza ubongo ana akusiyanako anthu akuluakulu).

Ngakhale palibe kuyan'anila pa mbali ya ubongo, nthawi zina ndi bwino kuchita kufufuza matenda ndi lamulo kulolerana wa akugwirira, monga tikhonza kulola kudziwa kuyambira kusintha kapangidwe ubongo, ndipo kawirikawiri chinsinsi chithandizo bwino matenda.