Ebone mtengo: chithunzi mtundu. Chipatso cha ebone. Zamgululi zopangidwa ebone nkhuni

Ebone ali woyera wakuda kapena akuda mikwingwirima nkhuni. Ilibe osiyana mphete pachaka. kulemedwa kwambiri ndi olimba, mwina ndi lofunika kwambiri mitundu yonse ya nkhuni. katundu amenewa ndi chofuna kuchita ena oimira mtundu wa banja Persimmon ebone.

Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe

Ebone (chithunzi anaika m'nkhani) - scatteredly mtima phokoso yolimba ndi yopapatiza woyera sapwood (matabwa wosanjikiza yomweyo pafupi kotekisi a). Iwo ali pakati ndi mphete imperceptible kukula kwa mtundu wakuda ndi pamwamba glossy. Wake cheza mtima woboola pakati yaing'ono kwambiri, chotero sangathe kuziona pa aliyense wa chigawo. Small ziwiya, pamodzi ndi gulu zozungulira, kawirikawiri anali atadzazidwa ndi zipangizo phokoso, utoto wakuda.

osalimba a zouma ebone nkhuni siyana kuchokera 1000 mpaka 1300 makilogalamu / m³. The sapwood ndi yopapatiza ndipo zikuchepa zosiyana ndi mtundu mdima wa phata la. Komabe, tsiku-maula, komanso mitundu ina yambiri ya mitengo ndi kusiyana zazikulu. Iwo kwagona kuti sapwood awo ndi nkhuni okhwima zimafanana ndendende pa mtundu.

zipatso

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti kuchokera kalekale ebone unazunguliridwa ndi nthano zamatsenga ndi zamizimu. Mwachitsanzo, akale Greek katswiri Pausanias analemba kuti chikhala chosabala kanthu ndipo alibe ngakhale masamba, ndipo imakhala yokha ya mizu, amene ntchito machiritso a Ethiopiya.

Ambiri Eben, mbadwa kuti yobiriwira otentha, koma palinso mitundu mitundu wamba m'madera kotentha. Caucasus persimmon komanso limabweretsa banja ili. The zipatso ebone lalikulu kwambiri ndi zokoma mu maonekedwe akufanana ndi phwetekere. M'mipukutu yakale Chinese za izo analemba wina 3 zikwi. Zaka zapitazo. Persimmons akhoza kudyedwa yaiwisi, ndi kuphika kwa izo zimasunga, maswiti, zipatso candied, ndipo ngakhale vinyo ndi liqueurs. Komanso, amaona wabwino zakudya mankhwala.

mitundu African

Chinthu choterocho monga ebone nkalati, Chili angapo Mitundu kuti ndi a ku Asia (Sri Lanka, India) ndi Africa (Cameroon, Nigeria, Zaire, Ghana). Mbali Aika - mtundu mdima wa pakati chachikulu.

Cameroonian ebone - ambiri zosiyanasiyana nkhuni, amene kunja kwa Africa lapansi. Iwo ali mtundu kwambiri wakuda, nthawi zina streaked ndi imvi. Mbali yaikulu ya mitengo imeneyi kutchulidwa pores lotseguka, chifukwa umene ofunika zochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi mitundu ina ya pore yaing'ono.

Madagascar ebone - ndi woderapo kachulukidwe nkhuni 1000 makilogalamu / m³, amene ali pafupifupi pores wosaonekayo, kugonjetsedwa kwambiri chinyezi, si mantha chiswe.

mitundu Asian

Macassar ebone - "mtundu" mtengo, sapwood amene ali chikasu woyera mtundu, umakhala Indonesia. Ngale palokha ndi wakuda ndi zofiirira kapena kuwala mikwingwirima chikasu ali ndi dongosolo wandiweyani kwambiri kuti chimafikira kwa 1300 makilogalamu / m³. Fumbi la mtengo, monga, ndithudi, ndi zina ebone poizoni kwambiri. Zingayambitse zosiyanasiyana thupi lawo siligwirizana anthu Mwachitsanzo, mkwiyo wa khungu kapena nembanemba mucous.

Muna ebone - matabwa, ofanana kwambiri Macassar, koma nkhani ndi gawo la Vietnam ndipo Laos.

Ceylon ebone ali ndi makhalidwe abwino: olimba, ndi pores wosaoneka mwangwiro opukutidwa, kugonjetsedwa kwambiri chinyezi ndi tizilombo zoipa. Zamgululi zopangidwa muli amavuta kwambiri chifukwa iwo ali ndi chosowa ndipo amati ali wapamwamba kwambiri ndi yokwera mtengo. Ndi matabwa a mitengo zoterozo mu 16-19 zaka TH, amisiri bwino kutulutsa mipando yawo.

mitundu yekha

Mwezi ebone - mtundu chosowa kwambiri kwa mabolo mitundu. Chimakula mu Philippines ndi imapezeka mu nkhalango moti zotentha za Myanmar. Izi ebone mtengo wa mtundu amene ali ndi zachilendo kuunika mithunzi, zikuwoneka zabwino kwambiri. Choncho, nthawi yomweyo pambuyo nkhuni kumaliza ndi osakhala neyarkimi woyera, Madontho Kamaoneka, koma pambuyo atayanika mitundu inasintha golide chikasu hue ndi dongosolo wakuda, mikwingwirima ndi milozo. Nthawi zina, m'malo a mdima Tingaone, ndi mitundu ina, monga buluu kapena chokoleti.

Mwa njira, ebone mwezi mu Myanmar kudula ndi kuchotsedwa dziko ndi koletsedwa. Quotas kwa billet anagulitsa kawirikawiri, kenako okha zedi yaing'ono. Chotero rigor chifukwa chakuti kwa kudula mitengo, amene zaka ranges kuchokera 400 mpaka zaka 1000 chokha. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mwezi ebone maonekedwe si wosiyana kwa ena. mtundu adzakhala kuonekera pokhapokha kumaliza.

kuyanika Features

ebone mtengo wamango mwachilungamo pang'onopang'ono: angaphunzitse zaka, mpaka akafika kukula malonda. Ndi chifukwa cha matabwa amakhala choncho wandiweyani (mpaka 1300 makilogalamu / m³) ndi mosavuta limalephera m'madzi. katundu makina ali kwambiri: malire kupinda mphamvu ya mitundu ina Indian ndi African ukufika ku 190 MPa ndi kuuma kwa nthawi 2 mphamvu ya mtengowo. Komanso, ebone chabwino kupirira amadza katundu mkulu.

Atayanika ndi matabwa - osati nkhani yamasewera. Ngati inu akuphwanya luso, izo kwambiri yafupika mu Volume. Choncho, m'mayiko izo zikugwira workpiece, monga kalelo, kupanga wapadera chisanadze slicing pansi zaka 2 pamaso kudula mitengo. Chifukwa amapangidwa motere: mu bwalo patsinde pa tsinde la Kadulidwa zigawo sapwood, kuti kuletsa kukula kwa mtengo.

Mukatha kukolola ndi kumaliza thunthu watha, yomalizidwa matabwa, amene matsirizidwe mosamala ankachitira ndi laimu kapena zinthu zina, zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo mu mulu wa. Malo osungira zina ayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi kusakhala ndi drafts. Monga kusunga zinthu zonse pamwamba, n'zotheka kupewa kuyanika kwambiri mofulumira nkhuni. Zimenezi amatenga miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ngati kuphwanya imodzi ya malamulo a gulu akhoza kuwalepheretsa ndi kukhala yokutidwa ndi ming'alu ambiri.

kupanga Features

Mwakucimbidza tisaiwale kuti ebone zosavuta ntchito kovuta kwambiri, kotero aja amene amakhala amuna. Izi ntchito kalavulagaga kumafuna khama, ndipo ngakhale kupanga mafano yaing'ono kumatenga nthawi yaitali kwambiri. Komanso, musanayambe kugwira ntchito ndi matabwa a nkalati, muyenera kusamalira chitetezo. Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, fumbi ndi zodulidwa angachititse thupi lawo siligwirizana, kotero mbuye zambiri kuvala magalasi ndipo ndi gauze bandeji.

Ndithudi, ebone nkhuni zovuta kudula chifukwa kachulukidwe ake okwezeka, ndipo inclusions zosiyanasiyana mchere kuti alipo m'menemo. katundu izi kungasokoneze pa chida kudula m'mbali kuti mwamsanga kwambiri Akhristuwo. The Osamva kwambiri ndi workpiece mmodzi, ulusi umene ndi dongosolo wavy. Komanso, mitundu ina ya mitengo sachedwa zisamayoyoke, makamaka Indonesia Makassar. Komabe, lathes mosavuta. Kamodzi mankhwala ndi wokonzeka, ndi nthaka ndi chotero izo wokongola Mat kuwala.

The ntchito mu kupanga zida zoimbira

Anthu anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito ebone zosowa zawo ngakhale kalelo. Dziwani kuti wakhala mu mtengo, motero ntchito makamaka kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana achipembedzo, ziboliboli, ndipo, ndithudi, mtengo mipando. Komanso, amakhulupirira kuti mitengo ebone amatha n'chongoletsa ziphe, pachifukwa ichi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kwa kupanga mbiya.

Eben chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga zida zoimbira monga zitoliro, oboe ndi clarinet. Komanso, ebone ndi zazikulu makiyi limba ndi mbali gitala, makamaka zipolopolo ndi miimba. oimba Professional tikuyamikira zinthu zimenezi. Choncho, opukutidwa chipolopolo gitala, zopangidwa nkalati, si zimatulutsa zosafunika extraneous zikumveka ngakhale mkhalapakati mwangozi "kuchokamo" ndi zingwe.

The ntchito makampani mipando

M'zaka za m'ma XVII ebone ntchito osati inlay, koma veneering. Koma chidwi kwambiri mwa iye anayamba kuuza zaka 200 zokha kenako, pamene ndinayamba kuchita mawonekedwe mafashoni, zochokera onyenga a zikhalidwe zina, mwachitsanzo, Roman, Agiriki, Indian ndi zina zotero. D. A kufunika makamaka anali curule mipando ndi X-zooneka miyendo. Mu Roma, iwo anapangidwa ya njovu kapena mkuwa, ndipo m'zaka za zana chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi - ebone. Izo zikuwoneka kuwala ndi kaso, koma kwenikweni anali wangwiro ndi odalirika kamangidwe.

Mu masiku athu akhale mwini wokondwa wa zokhomakhoma ku nkalati, - ndi zachilendo-wamataya kuti angakwanitse ambiri. Chifukwa katundu nkalati, zinthu zimene mwapindula pa dziko lonse lapansi, imatengedwa zakuthupi mtengo kwambiri. Miphika ndi mafano, kandulo timitengo ndi zopekedwa chosema ndi amisiri aluso, kukhala wamtengo wapatali ndipo kawirikawiri kugula kuti akhoza azikongoletsa nyumba iliyonse.