Dostoevsky, "Buku kuchokera Mobisa": Mwachidule

Tinachita "Mfundo kuchokera Mobisa" linalembedwa ndi Dostoevsky mu 1864. Mlembi wa zolemba ndi mobisa ngwazi.

The mankhwala protagonist

Izi assessor collegiate, amene posachedwapa analowa pansi pambuyo adalandira zamasiye. The ngwazi mankhwala a "Mfundo kuchokera Mobisa" zaka 40. Iye amakhala m'mphepete mwa St. Petersburg, mu "shoddy" chipinda. ngwazi Izi ndi maganizo mu kubisala: pafupi nthawi zonse yekha, anaperekedwa "maganizo chabe", zithunzi ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola imene anaitenga mabuku. The ngwazi mayina komanso ikufotokoza moyo wake ndi maganizo, kusonyeza mtima ndi nzeru zapadera. Cholinga cha chotero kuvomereza - kuwona ngati mungathe kukhala mosapitirira kwathunthu osachepera wokha, Musawope choonadi pa nkhaniyi.

The nzeru za protagonist ndi

The ngwazi amakhulupirira kuti mu zaka 60 za m'ma 19, munthu wanzeru tidzayesedwa kukhala "characterless". Madalitso zochepa, opusa anthu - zosiyanasiyana, amene ankaona bwinobwino, pamene chikumbumtima itakula amaonedwa monga matenda. maganizo zimapangitsa ngwazi apandukire malamulo a chikhalidwe, atulukira sayansi yamakono. Awo "mwala khoma" ndi "Mosakayikira" kuti 'kuchepetsa "munthu. Ndi bwino kuyanjanitsidwa kusagwirizana ngwazi mobisa. Iye akumverera "olakwa" chifukwa chakuti dongosolo la dziko ndi opanda ungwiro, ndipo zimenezi zimachititsa kuti amve ululu. Science mabodza yekha kulingalira munthu angathe kunyenyeka, "mogwirizana ndi chiwerengero mbale." "Chionetsero cha moyo wonse" - izo "Ndikukhumba". Iye anateteza ndi zonse pozindikira "sayansi" za anthu athanzi ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, ufulu admixed kwa "nzeru zabwino" "Bwerani opusa" kuti tizindikire kuti anthu - uwu si "makiyi limba" limene malamulo a chilengedwe okha kusewera.

The ngwazi, amene analemba Ndemanga kuchokera Mobisa, pining cha luso lake n'kupita kukakumana ndi "lonse" abwino. Izi si ntchito, osati zosangalatsa, ngakhale "Crystal Palace", amene akumanga Socialists, monga zimatengera munthu chinthu chachikulu - anasankha yekha. Pokwiya ndi chizindikiritso cha ngwazi wodziwitsa zabwino ndi kufunsidwa chikhulupiriro patsogolo chitukuko ndi sayansi. Chitukuko ndi ife "sakufewetsa chilichonse," koma amapanga, mu maganizo ake, "ndi ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana za zotengeka", kotero ife kufunafuna zosangalatsa ndi manyazi, ndi mwazi wa ena ... umunthu, malinga ndi chikhalidwe waukulu, mabodza kufunika chimwemwe, chitukuko, kuti, komanso kuvutika, chiwonongeko ndi chisokonezeko. "Crystal Palace", akugogoda mbali zoipa, abwino ndi untenable, chifukwa zimaphwanya ufulu wa kusankha. Zingakhale bwino "sadziwa inertia" ano "nkhuku" mobisa.

moyo wopambana, pamene anatumikira mu Ofesi ya

Komabe, izo zinachitika kuti kulakalaka kwenikweni naturutsa wa pangodya. The ngwazi, amene analemba Ndemanga kuchokera Mobisa, anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane imodzi chiwembu. Wakutumikira zaka 24 ku ofesi ndi kunyozedwa ndi kudedwa kukhala kwambiri "chokhudza", "Muzisamala" ndi "onyada" anzake, koma pa nthawi yomweyo ndipo anaopa iwo. Iyeyo ndi ngwazi za "kapolo" ndi "wamantha" monga aliyense "wamakhalidwe" ndi "zotsogola" munthu. Kupititsa patsogolo kuwerenga mmalo monena mogwirizana ndi anthu, ndi usiku "malo a mdima" 'anachita impudently. "

M'nkhani ya pa nyumba ya alendo

Zochitika masewera ma biliyadi, iye watsekedwa ndi ngozi kamodzi mu nyumba za alendo wina kapitawo msewu. Amphamvu ndi aatali, anasamukira mwakachetechete "kutopa" ndi "kanthawi," ngwazi kwina. Ndiye anafuna kuyamba "zolembalemba", "Chabwino" kukangana, koma "nkhanza afafanizidwe" poopa kuti sakanati zocheza. Hero pambuyo nkhani imeneyi ndinalota kubwezera zaka zingapo, ndikuyesetsa maulendo ambirimbiri pa msonkhano Nevsky osati kugwa choyamba. Pamene iwo potsiriza anakumana mapewa ake, kapitawo pa iwo ngakhale sanali kulabadira, koma ntchito ngwazi anasangalala chifukwa kuzilandira sitepe limodzi, akuthandiza ulemu ndi ndidzatsutsana poyera pa maziko ofanana chikhalidwe ndi msilikali. Onse kuzipenya izi ngwazi yekha limafotokoza ntchito yake mlembi, Dostoevsky F.

"Buku kuchokera Mobisa": chakudya a m'kalasi kale

Nthawi zina munthu anaona kufunika wa dera mobisa, zomwe imakwaniritsa anzanu ochepa chabe, Simoni, kusukulu kale ndi Setochkin, kalaliki wamkulu. Akuchezeredwa kuti Simonov, wamva kuti polemekeza mnzakeyo mokonza nkhomaliro ndi "kugula mu" ena. "Mobisa" akuthamangitsa kale chakudya kuopa manyazi zotheka ndi mwano, monga chenicheni cha malamulo mabuku samvera ndipo si anthu enieni adzachita ntchito yofunikira iwowo mu ndingaliro ya wolota: iwo akhoza Mwachitsanzo, kuzindikira, ndi kukonda mbali yaikulu maganizo ukulu. Iye akuyesera kuti mukunyoza ndi kukhumudwitsa anzake chakudya. Amangoika Kusiya zindikirani mu yankho. Pa muyeso wina umayenda mobisa - ndi anthu kudziletsa manyazi. Ndiye Kudya anzake kupita mahule popanda iye. Pakuti "zolembalemba" Tsopano iye azitenga kubwezera anthu awa manyazi atsala, kotero amapita aliyense. Komabe, anthu kale adapuma ku zipinda. Lisa ngwazi kupereka.

Ndime mu mahule

Kenako Dostoevsky ( "Mfundo kuchokera Mobisa") limafotokoza zochitika zotsatirazi. Pambuyo "oipa", "waukali ndiponso mopanda manyazi", ngwazi akulankhula kwa mtsikana. Anali ndi zaka 20. Mu St. Petersburg izo posachedwapa, ndipo iye - Afilisti mbadwa ya Riga. Aganiza anaganiza tilinazo a mtsikanayo kuti recoup pa imathandiza chithunzi wowoneka Mahule m'tsogolo, ndiyeno - chimwemwe m'banja, si zilipo. Zotsatira zimatheka: kwa khunyu ndi sobs akudzetsa Woman kunyansidwa ndi moyo wake. "Mpulumutsi", kusiya, atawasiyira adiresi wake. Komabe, mwa "zolembalemba" anakhomerera naye manyazi chifukwa "knavery" ndi chisoni Lisa. amakonda kwambiri nthawi protagonist ntchito za "Mfundo kuchokera Mobisa" kusanthula ntchito yake.

Lisa adza kwa ngwazi za

Iye amabwera masiku 3. Hero, limene limafotokoza Dostoevsky ( "Mfundo kuchokera Mobisa"), "disgustingly manyazi." Anawauza zolinga zake choonadi cha khalidwe lake, koma pali zosayembekezereka chifundo ndi chikondi kwa iye. Anasamukira, iye amadziwa kuti izo sizingakhale zabwino. Komabe, posakhalitsa manyazi kufooka wogwidwa ndi kubwezera Liza ndipo amakhala dzanja lake mu 5 rubles kwa kupambana wathunthu. Bakuman, kusiya, kusiya ndalama padera.

ntchito chikafika

The ngwazi amazindikira kuti analemba Maulendo Ake manyazi. Komabe, iye anali chabe anabweretsa monyanyira kuti ena ndi theka sanayese n'komwe kubweretsa. The ngwazi anatha kusiya zolinga za anthu, mwakuwoneka wapita Komabe, ndi mobisa - ndi "makhalidwe oipa". "Kukhala Moyo" wakuya ubale ndi anthu ena iye mumtima. Choncho mapeto ntchito za "Mfundo kuchokera Mobisa", mwachidule zomwe ife tafotokozeramu.

Nkhani mutawerenga lero lino sadzalekerera aliyense osayanjanitsika. Komabe, atangochimwa buku mu 1864, "Buku kuchokera Mobisa" anachititsa ndithu ndemanga pang'ono, ngakhale oimira msasa chosintha-demokalase chidwi iwo. The kokha nthaŵi yomweyo kuti mankhwala wakhala parody wa Shchedrin, amene m'gulu review wake wakuti "Zolembalemba nkhani zachabechabe" kapepala "Swifts". Mu izo, akuseka ophunzira za magazini "umodzi" mwa njira satirical, iye anajambula pansi pa amati ndi wachinayi Swift "wolemba chisoni," Dostoevsky. Nkhani ino chidwi otsutsa pambuyo buku "Chilango" linasindikizidwa, ndiye patapita zaka ziwiri. Iwo anayamba kupanga ndi zambiri zomwe inakonzedwa mu "Mfundo".