Don Giovanni - ndani izi? Tanthauzo la mawu akuti

Don Juan otchedwa masiku ano anthu ambiri zambiri osati amadziwa tanthauzo la mawu. Don Juan, azungu, chifukwa chimene chimaoneka - ndi ngwazi wosatha wa dziko mabuku ndi mafilimu a kanema. Kodi nkhani yake weniweni ndi m'pofunika kulemba dzina?

Don Juan ndi ndani?

Choyamba m'pofunika kudziwa ubwino mwadzina mawu "Casanova" umene unachitika mu dzina la Don Juan. Mawu amenewa - munthu, zonse kufunafuna Zopatsa chikondi.

M'njira timapangira, mawu amatanthauza munthu wokongola, chikondi ndi kukoma Chofunika amadziwa kunyenga akazi. Chinali lodziwika bwino Spanish fuko lomveka Don Juan.

Kutanthauza phraseologism thereto ndi ofanana

Ambiri ponena - ndi akazi. Komabe, si nthawi zonse zoyenera chifukwa ndi akazi amatchedwa munthu wokonda tcheru mkazi akufuna kunyenga madona. Komabe izi zinali zenizeni Don Juan.

Phraseologism mtengo wapatali chimene chinachitika ku dzina ili - munthu, wofunitsitsa kugonjetsa osati thupi la mkaziyo, komanso moyo wake. Nazi basi kubwerera si kufuna mtima lake.

Ndipotu, Don Juan - mtundu wa mlenje, chimene mkazi - masewera kuti akuimira chidwi masewero. Pamene madona 'munthu - mwamuna amene angathe kukhala okhulupirika kwa mkazi mmodzi, pamene iye akhoze amakondana wina wa zilakolako zawo.

World kudziwika nkhani mafani ena kuswa mitima akazi amene maina unakhala akeake manauni wamba, amene n'chimodzimodzi ndi mawu akuti "philanderer".

Izi ngwazi za m'buku la Samueli Richardson ndi "Clarissa" - Robert Lovelace ndi adventurer-wolemba ku Italy - Dzhakomo Kazanova. mawu onsewa ali mbadwa maina awa: "wachimasomaso," "Casanova" ndi "Casanova" - ndi mtengo wofanana. Nthawi zina, mayina okha - Lovelace, Casanova ndi Don Juan - ofanana.

Pali mawu ena ndi tanthauzo lofanana - "madona 'munthu", "mafupa okhaokha" ndi newfangled "Playboy".

Don Juanism

Chotero anaitana mwamuna boma maganizo pambuyo umunthu lodziwika bwino dzina lake Don Juan.

Don Juanism zotsatirazi tanthauzo: chikhalidwe matenda a munthu pamene iye anachita kusintha zonse, ndipo sangathe kuwona akazi nawo chibwenzi ndi kanthu koposa wosangalala zilakolako zawo kugonana.

Ku maganizo a zamaganizo ano Don Juanism salinso chizindikiro cha moyo wonse wa munthu, monga ankaona m'mbuyomu, ndi mosemphanitsa - kupatuka mwakale, osalola kuti amange ubwenzi wabwino.

zinachitika m'mbiri

manauni Common "Don Juan" likuchokera ku dzina la Spanish fuko lomveka Don Juan (Juan) Tenorio, amene anakhalapo zaka za m'ma XIV. ndipo zinapanga ndi khalidwe amazipanga zolaula.

Anali mmodzi wa njonda wanzeru kwambiri mu Seville, iye chipongwe okha akazi ambiri, komanso wotchuka otenga nawo mbali mu duels ambiri ndi ndewu, amene nthawi zambiri anatha kutuluka pamwamba.

Ngakhale yogwira chochititsa manyazi ndi chopusa anthu ngwazi kupewa chilango, chifukwa ankalimbikitsa mfumu ya Castile - Pedro Ine Wankhanza. Komanso, malirime zoipa kuti mfumu kaŵirikaŵiri gulu zosangalatsa kukoma Tenorio.

Tsiku lina mfumu ndi mnzake kubedwa mwana wolemekezedwa Commander de A Ulloa kupha bambo ake, amene anayesa kuletsa iwo. Zimene zinachitikazi kachitsotso otsiriza, ndipo Chimonko Sevillian anatenga chilungamo mu manja awo. Iwo ankakopa Don Juan pa manda a ophedwa mkulu ndi nawo iwo. Ndipo pofuna kupewa chilango, mphekesera, amati wopanda khalidwe zowawa chilango Mulungu, ndi specter ya de A Ulloa kuwataya wakupha wake.

Seville nthano

Komabe, osati Don Juan Tenorio anali zinachitika wa dziko wotchuka ngwazi zolembalemba. Kwa anthu a Seville Don Giovanni - izo ndi Don Miguel de Manara.

njonda lino, monga nthano, anagulitsa moyo wake, koma pozindikira tchimo lake, analapa ndikuchotsa machimo awo ndi ntchito zabwino.

Pang'ono ndi nthano za dons awiri ophatikizidwa mu imodzi, imene inali maziko a ntchito ambiri wotsatira zolembalemba.

Tikumbukenso kuti khalidwe la Don Juan zasintha zaka zambiri. Wa mwachinyengo losakhutiritsidwa voluptuary anakhala wosaka chikondi ndi ulemu wachisomo, amene ali womveka mwa chilengedwe, ndipo amakwaniritsa mawu ake, ngakhale mu nkhope ya imfa. Pang'onopang'ono aiwala monga mwatsatanetsatane yonyansa, ngati za kugwiririra kubedwa okongola Donna.

Zolembalemba mbiri ya khalidwe

Ntchito yoyamba zopeka amene protagonist Zikuoneka dzina lake Don Juan - ndi sewero Tirso de A Molina El burlador de A Sevilla Y convidado de A piedra. Kwa maziko ake wolemba watenga nthano yakale ya Don Juan Tenorio, koma anamanga izo ndi kutembenuzira wathuwu Mfumu Pedro Ine mwa wolamulira kungodzisangalatsa kulanga wonyenga wonyenga komanso wakupha.

Tirso de A Molina kusewera apambananso kwambiri pa siteji, koma zinasintha pang'onopang'ono. Monga omvera anali mumangonyong'onyeka kumvera ulaliki wa wolemba - iwo anaponyedwa kunja kwa malemba komanso nkhani yothandiza ndi nthabwala m'malo risque.

Pang'ono ndi kutchuka masewero za Don Juan anafika France. Woyamba kusintha yaikulu mu chifanizo cha wonyenga sioneka kakusintha mu Moliere ufumu Juan ou Le Festin de A Pierre. zochitika zake anasamuka m'mbuyomu masiku ano kwa wolemba, ndipo iye anakhala wopambana wa Msipanishi mu France.

A zaka zingapo, wina French wolemba - akulemera Merimee anadzipereka kwa lodziwika bwino Playboy novella "Miyoyo ya Purigatoriya." , Iye anachoka ovomerezedwa ndi anasunga mbali yaikulu ndi moyo ndipo moyo wake.

Ku Germany, anatengera wanzeru kwambiri nthano za Spanish wonyenga analemba Ernst Theodor Amadey Gofman, iye ankatchedwa chabe: Don Juan. Hoffman woyamba limasonyeza ngwazi monga wosaka zosangalatsa achithupithupi, koma monga munthu, wofunitsitsa kuti chikondi chenicheni ndi kufunafuna cholinga cha moyo.

The British ndi wodziwika ndakatulo ya Byron anadzipereka kuti izi Don Juan. Kuwonjezera kalembedwe kwambiri Byron ndi kanthu wapadera m'njira ya ngwazi wanu wolemba sanapange. Mu mau, limafotokoza nkhani bwino, koma khalidwe lake ndi mawonekedwe a nthawi adzakomoka ndi kukhumba, ngati ngwazi ambiri Byron.

Don Juan mu mabuku Russian ndi Ukraine

Anthu ambiri amene analemba Russian odzipereka ntchito zawo kuti ngwazi izi. Ena mwa iwo anali Pushkin, Alexei Tolstoy ndi Alexander Ivolgin ndi Samuil Aleshin.

Kupatula olemba onsewa ndi ofunika Leonid Zhukhovitsky, odzipatulira kwa lodziwika bwino Msipanishi kusewera "The Last Woman Senor Juan". Kwa izo anachotsa chauzimu, ndipo ndi pafupi kwambiri ndi nkhani choyambirira nthano koma kuti protagonist wa - onse HOFFMANN chomwecho chikondi funa chikondi ndi kumvetsa.

Mu mabuku Chiyukireniya ntchito chidwi kwambiri wodzipereka kwa Don Juan - kusewera Lesya Ukrainka "Stone Gospodar". Kutenga chiwembu cha sewero la Pushkin, wolemba ankatembenukira amatsimikiza, kupanga ngwazi nsembe zokhumba za Anna wake wokondedwa.

Don Juan mu kanema

Mkubwela kwa mbiri mafilimu a kanema a onyenga wosadziletsa, yemwe anavutika awalanga Mulungu, anali anajambula. Kwa nthawi yoyamba izi zinachitika mu chaka cha 1898 mu Mexico. kupenta unkatchedwa "Don Juan Tenorio".

Don Juan zonse zoyenera mafilimu zoposa makumi awiri, ambiri mwa amene anajambula mu France.

Udindo wa wonyenga wonyenga ankaimba ndi nyenyezi zimenezi wa mafilimu a kanema dziko, Douglas Fairbanks, Errol Flynn, Zhan Roshfor, Vladimir Vysotsky, Zhak Veber ndi Dzhonni Depp.

Kodi aziwerenga "Don Giovanni"

mawuwa, ngakhale kawirikawiri kulankhula, mu kulemba zimayambitsa zolakwa pafupipafupi. Ambiri a iwo: "Don Juan" - akulemba mawu ndi hyphen ndi "Don Giovanni" - chisokonezo ndi zilembo zazikulu.

Kuti muganize momwe aziwerenga mawu, muyenera kumvetsa zimene kuona kuti ntchito.

• Kalembedwe olondola a dzina Don Juan - ndi mawu onse a zilembo zazikulu, mu nkhani ya ngwazi za nthano, mabuku ndi mafilimu.
• Pamodzi ndi zilembo zazing'ono mawu akuti "Don Juan" kwalembedwa pamene ntchito m'njira mwadzina, ndipo akhoza m'malo ndi "wachimasomaso" yaitali. Mwachitsanzo: "Iye ndi philanderer ngati (wachimasomaso) monga sinditi kupulumutsa, koma lodziwika bwino Don Juan wa Seville adakali kutali kwambiri."
• Ngati tikulankhula za munthu wina dzina lake Juan, ndipo mawu akuti "Dong" atenge mbali ya mutu - kwalembedwa zilembo zazing'ono. Mwachitsanzo: "Uyu ndi Don Zhuan De Pantalone zoopsa bungler osati ngati izi Don Juan."

Tsopano inu mukudziwa tanthauzo la Don Juan.