Diphyllobothriasis: zizindikiro anthu ndi chithandizo kamwedwe

Diphyllobothriasis ndi matenda parasitic, limodzi ndi chotupa chachikulu cha ziwalo thirakiti m'mimba, komanso megaloblastic magazi m'thupi. activator ake ali pafupi njoka zam'mimba za matepi - ndi njoka zam'mimba za matepi (D.latum), zimene zimakhala mpaka 10 mamita ndi zosakwana 10 mitundu ya mtundu Diphyllobothrium anaphunzira Diphyllobothrium.

Zimayambitsa matenda

Infection wa diphyllobothriasis anthu amapezeka mwa kudya wodzala insufficiently ankachitira matenthedwe njira kapena bwino mchere katundu nsomba, komanso pamene kudula nsomba ndi anathetsera osakwanira khalidwe glassware pambuyo. Mmene ingress mphutsi mu thupi kumachitika malinga ndi unyolo yaitali.

njira A nawo diphyllobothriosis

Njoka zam'mimba za matepi mazira okhwima mu madzi ndi kutentha kwa 10-20 ° C kwa pafupifupi mwezi. Ndiye, iwo anasiyanitsidwa koraditsii-mazira, womwe kudyedwa nkhanu zing'onozing'ono, mwachitsanzo, copepods. Izi - plerocercoids - koyamba wapakatikati gawo matenda limene mphutsi za anapanga helminth. Ndiye yachiwiri, pamene madzi oyera nsomba monga Pike, Malikisuwa, nsomba, njoka yam'madzi, mumapezeka nsomba neri Al., Kudya nkhanu ndi thupi lake mphutsi kumaliza chitukuko ku siteji ya toyesa okhwima. Ndipo pambuyo kuti nyongolotsi kupeza khamu lawo okhazikika ndi moyenera, gwero la matenda - munthu, kapena, pafupifupi, nthumwi nsomba kudya nyama monga nkhumba, nkhandwe, chimbalangondo, chisindikizo, etc. Ndi matupi awo kale okhwima tiziromboti helminth mazira amene anatuluka pa defecation ndi ukhondo kugwa kwa madzi abwino, kuyambira unyolo latsopano matenda.

Parasitizing wa intestine lonse njoka zam'mimba za matepi tichipeza zikwi zingapo zigawo (proglottids) mazira okhala, ndipo molimba Ufumuyo mpanda wa mwiniwake intestine yaing'ono kudzera slits awiri (bothria) ili kumapeto mutu kwake. Ngakhale tiziromboti kutalika zina ukufika mamita 10, pali milandu pamene thupi coexisted mphutsi angapo.

Location kufala kwa matenda

Diphyllobothriasis anthu ambiri mwa anthu a m'madera ndi nyengo kotentha ozizira, kumene anthu ndicho chakudya nsomba ndi roe ake. Matendawa amapezeka ku Ulaya, makamaka Scandinavia, Japan, South America, Africa, USA, Canada, ndi Russia.

Pathogenesis ndi Pathologic chithunzi diphyllobothriasis

Kamodzi mu thupi la munthu, ndi njoka zam'mimba za matepi ochitachita ndi tizilombo zotsatira makina poizoni ndi matupi awo sagwirizana ndi neuro-reflex chikhalidwe. Choyamba, ndi siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo la matumbo mucosa bothria pamene Ufumuyo makoma a helminth lapansi. Izi zimachititsa manja ndipo necrosis a mucosa lapansi. tiziromboti kagayidwe kachakudya mankhwala imfayo njira autosensibilizatsionnye. Anaona chidwi amkati gipoavitaminoz folic acid ndi vitamini B12, amene pamodzi ndi katundu wa chamoyo kuledzera tiziromboti moyo mu 2% amakwiya megaloblastic magazi m'thupi. Nthawi matenda kwa zaka khumi.

zizindikiro diphyllobothriasis

Kuyambira masiku 20 60 - ngati makulitsidwe nyengo ali ndi zizindikiro bothriocephaliasis anthu kuonekere pokhapokha nthawi imeneyi. Zinali nthawi imeneyi mphutsi amayamba kugonana okhwima mawonekedwe, zaikidwa pakhoma matumbo ndi kuyamba kugwirira ntchito. Diphyllobothriasis ayamba kuonekera pang'onopang'ono. Nseru, belching ndi kusanza, m'mimba distention, kupweteka kwa ululu epigastric, kusafuna chakudya, chosokoneza cha mpando - onse limodzi ndi zizindikiro oyambirira bothriocephaliasis. mwamuna ndi chithunzi diphyllobothriasis siteji ina adzakhala mosasintha limafotokoza kuti ndi Amowabu pallor a khungu ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mucous, ndipo wodwalayo adzavutika wotopa, chizungulire, kufooka, kupweteka m'mimba, paresthesia, hepatosplenomegaly, Achille, losweka lilime (pambuyo lilime amakhala yosalala).

Ananena tachycardia, hypotension, kugona, kung'ung'udza systolic pa pamwamba pa, phokoso la pamwamba. MAGAZI Laboratory mwina odwala matendawa anasonyeza chithunzi zotsatirazi: utachepa hemoglobin, otsika nambala ya maselo ofiira, kuwonjezera bilirubin mwachindunji, mkulu mtundu index, neutropenia, leukocytosis, okwera ESR. Mlingo wa kukula kwa magazi m'thupi, komanso kukula kwa matendawa amakhudza mwamphamvu infestations helminthic, pamaso pa matenda concomitant, kulimbikira okwana thupi, khalidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya ankadya.

Chifukwa chaukali diphyllobothriasis myelosis khalidwe Masitima achingwe am'mapiri, amene anasonyeza kuphwanya tilinazo kwambiri, mwendo kufooka, amaona paresthesia. Odwala ena, khungu kuwoneka totupa thupi lawo siligwirizana (ming'oma), umachuluka kuchuluka kwa chiwindi ndi ndulu. Nthawi zina atathana epileptoformnye (apnea) khunyu, dzanzi a nthambi, wosakhazikika kuyenda. Nawa bothriocephaliasis ali ndi zizindikiro kwambiri ndipo chithandizo cha matenda ayenera anayamba nthawi yomweyo pambuyo matenda. Long nthawi diphyllobothriosis amachititsa ileus.

Komabe, Dziwani kuti bothriocephaliasis, zizindikiro za amene wapangidwa osiyanasiyana chidwi matenda nthawi zina zobisika mwamtheradi (asymptomatic) kwa matenda amene matenda ndi wapezeka yekha ndi Kupezeka kwa tiziromboti mu ndowe zidutswa.

matenda diphyllobothriasis

Maziko matenda "bothriocephaliasis munthu" ndi madandaulo mtima ndi lolingana deta kufufuza zasayansi. matenda amaganiziridwa angathe kutumikira eosinophilia mu magazi (kwa nkhondo zaposachedwapa), ndipo thrombocytopenia ndi leukopenia, okwera mtengo erythrocyte sedimentation ndi hyperchromic magazi m'thupi. Mbali khalidwe la matenda ndi kutayipa megaloblastic hematopoiesis. kusanthula limasonyeza ambiri mitundu achinyamata erythrocytes (megaloblasts, normoblasts, polychromatophilia, poikilocytes etc.). A udindo waukulu ku matenda masewero mbiri AIDS: mfundo wodwalayo kukhala m'dera kuderako, kudya yaiwisi madzi oyera nsomba kapena mchere insufficiently caviar. Koma kusanthula komaliza aikidwa kokha pamene wodwala chopondapo kusanthula zikusonyeza kuti muli mazira kapena zigawo za njoka zam'mimba za matepi ikuluikulu.

Pali milandu kumene odwala kuchizidwa, anaona makombo a tiziromboti mu ndowe zawo.

Nkofunika kuti tisasokoneze magazi m'thupi Addison-Birmera ndi bothriocephaliasis, amene ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana kwambiri. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, adatengedwa ndi nkhani chapamimba pamaso pa chinthu Castle kwina magazi m'thupi.

Diphyllobothriasis: chithandizo

Ngati wodwala matenda "bothriocephaliasis" mankhwala ikuchitika msanga kuchipatala. Mu aakulu magazi asanayambe njira vyvedeniiyu helminth vitamini anatumizidwa mlingo (B12, kupatsidwa folic acid, chitsulo). Vitamini B12 chikuyendetsedwera monga jekeseni mu mnofu wa 200-500 mg ndi 3 pa sabata 2 kapena. Kutalika kwa vitamini mankhwala ndi masiku 30.

Pakuti degelmentizatsii ntchito mankhwala monga "biltricid", "praziquantel", "Niclosamide" kapena "Azinoks". "Fenasal" mankhwala Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuchotsa tiziromboti. mankhwala onse ingested pakamwa zinthu ndiponso zanzi wa helminth. Chifukwa, tiziromboti izi wotaya luso anapitiriza mu intestine ndi kunja. Nkofunika pa njanji imeneyi, kuti njoka zam'mimba za matepi anatuluka kwathunthu. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zotsatira zake zomalizira mwina kuyeretsa mankhwala matumbo.

Mphamvu imeneyi mankhwala ndi za 95%, mu nthawi zina, zovuta ileus, degelmentizatsiya anachita opaleshoni. Odwala ndi matenda a "bothriocephaliasis", limene bwinobwino ankachitira dehelminthization sitepe chimaposa pa kuonerera dispensary ndi kutenga fecal kusanthula mwezi kwa miyezi sikisi.

mankhwala wowerengeka

Mankhwala wowerengeka kwa athamangitsidwe a nyongolotsi kale ntchito mbewu dzungu ndi decoction a iwo. mbewu dzungu, yaiwisi kapena zouma, triturated ndi uchi ndi madzi ndi kutenga mu kuchuluka kwa 300 g. kusala portionwise pa ola. Njira mwangwiro akulimbana ndi nkhani ngati bothriocephaliasis anthu. Reviews a degelmentizatsii bwino ntchito mbewu dzungu kulola kuonetsetsa mtima kwa njira.

Zakudya, Zakudya

Pa mankhwala, wodwala ayenera kutsatira diphyllobothriasis yosalekerera zakudya kuti amakonda zakudya zimene mtima kwa Kakhungu mucous ya zochita za khoma matumbo. Advantageously kulolerana mu zakudya zakudya ndi okhutira mkulu wa vitamini B12, ndi folic acid.

Makamaka ana

Nyongolotsi infestation ana anasamutsa zizindikiro zambiri olemera a kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi ndi mavitamini odwala achinyamata momveka bwino kwambiri.

Kuteteza diphyllobothriasis

Ngati - wokonda nsomba madzi oyera ndipo amakhala m'madera kumpoto pafupi matupi a madzi, kuti si kwa gwidwa pa mbedza kuti matenda opweteka monga munthu bothriocephaliasis, kupewa zikhale ulamuliro moyo wanu №1.

Kupewa matenda diphyllobothriasis adye nsomba madzi oyera Moyenera yekha kuphika, komanso wake caviar apamwamba mchere yekha. M'pofunika mosamalitsa malamulo a ukhondo pamene nsomba kudula ndi kuphika kwa izo.

Muyenera kudziwa kuti pamene Zasole nsomba, malingana ndende mchere, mphutsi kufa masiku pokhapokha 2-7. mazira helminth pa brining ng'ombe m'mphindi theka la ola pa 10% misa nusu ya mchere poyerekezera ndi kulemera kwa mazira. Ngati mchere ndi 5%, mankhwala amakhala zakudyazo alibe kale kuposa 6 hours, pa 3% - osati kale kuposa pambuyo pa masiku awiri.

helminth mphutsi ndi anaphanso pansi amaundana kwambiri (masiku 2-4 pa -18 ° C mlungu umodzi kutentha -6 ° C).

Pamene matenda a wodwalayo, m'pofunika kufufuza anthu onse a m'banja lake, chifukwa mu nkhani iyi iwo ali pangozi.

Padziko lonse chomwecho lonse kuti kuchepetsa Mwina wa matenda ayenera kukhala wotsika kuchuluka onyamula wapakatikati mu Madamu ndi kuchepetsa kapena kuthetseratu kumaliseche wa ndowe mu nyanja ndi mitsinje, kuonetsetsa polojekiti ukhondo kwa ndondomekoyi, komanso boma onse a nyanja, magombe ndi mankhwala nsomba kulowa mabungwe ang'onoang'ono chakudya makampani ndi masitolo. Kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mabungwe zachipatala matenda amenewa chibadidwe yatsoka monga zizindikiro bothriocephaliasis. Chithandizo ndi chitsimikiziro cha matenda ayenera anayamba nthawi yomweyo ndi cheke kuvomerezedwa m'banjamo pamaso pa matenda.

Makamaka pakati ndi lactating

Parasitic infestation, - ndicho, kuperewera kwa vitamini ndi magazi pamene iwo umaimira ngozi yaikulu kwambiri ku thanzi tsogolo la amayi, ndi chitukuko yoopsa. Amayi oyembekezera ayenera kusamala makamaka, kudya nsomba ndi caviar. Nkofunika kuti muphonye zizindikiro woyamba wa matenda monga matenda nsomba njoka zam'mimba za matepi, zizindikiro zimene mosavuta kuonedwa zizindikiro za kawopsedwe (preeclampsia) mwachangu kufunafuna malangizo zasayansi kuyezetsa chopondapo pamaso pa mazira mphutsi mmenemo.

Chithandizo cha matenda amayi apakati ikuchitika ndi, motetezeka thanzi la mwana osabadwa. Choncho, chifukwa degelmentizatsii amayi apakati ndi lactating mulibe mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga "biltricid" ndi ntchito wowerengeka mankhwala otetezeka - mbewu dzungu. Nthawi zina, amayi unamwino ndi matenda a "bothriocephaliasis munthu" chithandizo amalangiza kubala njira ya kulandira pa diphyllobothriasis mankhwala muyezo ndi grudnichka kunditumiza ku azikuuzani kudya.