Crimea Nature Reserve: malire maulendo ndemanga

Wildlife ayenera kutetezedwa. Mu dziko lathu lili nkhokwe yake ndi malo otetezedwa. Mu malo oterowo wapadera monga Crimea chilumba, nthawi yaitali pali malo achilengedwe. Crimea chilumba wolemera nyama ndi zomera, chuma mchere, mchere akasupe - inu dzina izo. Komanso, ndi mbiri dera lalikulu kuti amakopeka opha nyama ndi diggers wakuda.

Kukonza malo

Atazunguliridwa pafupifupi mbali zonse mwa nyanja zogwirizana ndi kumtunda yokha ndi yopapatiza Mzere wa Crimea - analandiridwa malo a mpumulo kwa zikwi ndi zikwi za Alendo komanso kusokoneza chikhalidwe wapadera kwa zomera chidina. Kuteteza mphatso yapadera chikhalidwe mu 1923 ndi lamulo la Commissars Anthu a RSFSR woyamba Nature Reserve unakhazikitsidwa. Crimea Reserve Imperial Kusaka (chaka kukhazikitsidwa - 1913th) ndi mbali yaing'ono pa phiri Big Chuchel anali kukodzedwa kwa 16 000 ha, ndipo chaka chomwecho - mpaka 23,000.

Sikuti anawomberedwa, komanso nakulitsa

Tikumbukenso kuti m'malo opatulika mfumu makamaka anasonyeza alendo wabweretsedwa kuno, kuphatikizapo nyama zakunja. Ndi zakaznik pa dongosolo lenileni la mfumu inamangidwa ndi msewu wokongola kukupitirirabe masiku ano dzina Romanovskoe khwalala.

Apa lapangidwira achifumu chasseur utumiki kusaka mphalapala ndi maulendo, mbuzi Spain ameneŵa, njati ndi nkhosa yam'tchire anayambitsa ku Corsica. Reserve ndi kusunga si n'chimodzimodzi, amasiyana mzake kuti choyamba kutetezedwa ndi mitundu osiyana, zambiri kawirikawiri kapena pangozi nyama ndi zomera.

nyengo Soviet

M'dera lonse ndi onse kuti alipo, ndi pachiwiri a boma, ndi malo chikhalidwe. Crimea kuchipatala dziko yomweyo muli siteshoni nyengo, zasayansi ndi owonetsera zakale. Pakhala imachitika ntchito yogwira kafukufuku. Koma nkhondo palibe chimene anapulumutsa: anatentha nkhokwe nkhalango pa kukula chiwembu cha mahekitala 1,500, anali kwathunthu awonongedwe ndi njati, ambiri a mbawala ndi agwape, kuwonongedwa m'nyumbayi ndi zasayansi. Koma pomwepo, atapita kumasulidwa kwa Crimea kwa adani, mu 1944, Crimea Nature Reserve linakhalanso ndi madera ake ali kukodzedwa kwa mahekitala 30 300. nthambi yake "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Islands" unakhazikitsidwa mu 1949. Amakhala mbali kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa chilumba ndi zilumba 6, limene ambiri mbalame - mpaka 265 mitundu. A iwo amakhala kalekale pa zilumba mitundu 25, kuphatikizapo swans. Mu ulamuliro wa N. S. Hruscheva ndi L. I. Brezhneva zosungika gawo anasanduka boma kusaka pansi kawirikawiri osati bonzes zoweta andale, komanso kunja. Reserve udindo anabwezeretsedwa mu 1991.

mudziwe Hrs

Tsopano mbali iyi ndi zimene ali miyeso yake? Malo okwana mahekitala 44.175 kugawidwa m'magulu awiri. Nthambi "Mbalame ya Chinsansa Islands" ali mahekitala 9612 mu gawo kumpoto-kumadzulo m'dera steppe a pachilumbachi ndi kugawana Karkinit madzi a Bay, gawo la Nyanja Black, yomwe ili pakati pa gombe la chilumba ndi kumtunda. Otsala 34 563 mahekitala - ndi migodi ndi nkhalango, ndipo mbali yaikulu ya m'dera limeneli. Mbaliyi mbali ya Main lokwera la mapiri Crimea, zitunda ndi mapiri a beseni ndi Mumtima pakati pawo. Mu gawo Otetezedwa ndipo Yaltinskaya jajla Gurzufsky jajla, Babugan-jajla ndi Chater Dag-jajla. Crimea phiri msipu (yotentha msipu) - ndi mapiri yachonde ndi nsonga. Chatyr-Dag-Yayla ili mapiri apamwamba - Aroma Kosh (1,545 m) ndi Big Chuchel (1387). Mu gawo ili pali makiyi zambiri 300 phiri, mtsinje Alma, kugwedezeka ndi ena khumi.

Flora ndi zinyama za malo a

M'pofunika amatchula chakuti si malo osakwatira Crimea. Pali nyumba ofanana pa headlands Opuk ndi Marian, pali Yalta, Kazantip, Karadag nkhokwe, ndi "Astana m'madambo" ndipo amaika Crimea. Pa chilumba pali pambali otchulidwa maofesi pamwamba 30 m'mapaki chikhalidwe ndi 73 kuteteza zachilengedwe chipilala. Flora ndi zinyama lamphamvu kuti akuyenera Nkhani osiyana. Limodzi likhoza kuona kuti apa kukula zomera 1200, 29 umene zalembedwa mu Red Book of Europe. zomera ikuyimiridwa ndi mitundu 200 (160 - mbalame, 37 - nyama) inakhala, 30 zimene zili mu Red Book. Invertebrates - 8000 mitundu. Kufalitsidwa kwa nyama ndi zomera amadalira mabacteria okwera. Apa ndi kuikapo maganizo theka la mitundu yonse ya nyama ndi zomera za Crimea.

The miyeso ndi chidwi

Malire a Crimea Nature Reserve, kapena m'malo gawo phiri nkhuni popanda "Islands Mbalame ya Chinsansa", yomwe ili kumpoto, kumadzulo kwa chilumbachi, akhoza kuziona pa Ufumuyo mapu-chiwembu. Zikuonekeratu kuti ndi lalikulu kwambiri mu Crimea.

Komanso, iye ali wamkulu. Mwachibadwa, atabwerako wa Crimea mu la Russia malire onse a m'dera limeneli tidzasandulika: mipherezero kwambiri wofuna adzayima pamaso pawo.

The yaitali ndi zaukhondo kukumbukira

Chikumbutso mu Crimea chikumbutso cha Kupambana Wamkulu padabwera mokwanira. Pakati pa ambiri kumulemekeza ya chikumbutso 70 chochitika akufuna kutchula chinthu chimodzi - kutsegula kwa chipilala kuti Crimea Nature Reserve. Museum of Glory olimbanawo ndi chinthu choyamba ya cholowa chikhalidwe, imene inamangidwa mu chaka chatha, amene anakhala mu Peninsula la Chitaganya cha Russia. nyumbayi ili pamalo okwera mamita 1300 pamwamba pa nyanja, m'dera la mwala cordon wofiira. Iye ndi msonkho kwa zigaŵenga zankhondo, amene chiwerengero chinali chapadera kwambiri. 500 iwo anapereka miyoyo yawo yomasulira Crimea.

Part anapereka alendo

malo chimakwirira mbali ya mapiri pakati Yalta ndi Alushta. Apa ndi wotchuka "lamdima lija mphepo" zimene mukuona Ayu-Dag Gurzuf ndi Partenid. Apa ndi Cosmas-Damianovsky obisika, omwe unalembedwa Savluh-Lamulungu - mmodzi wa wotchuka machiritso akasupe a m'dera limeneli. Pali ndithu lalikulu mumapezeka nsomba munda. Pali zifukwa zingapo, alendo palokha kuyendera malo ndikoletsedwa, kulowa yekha ndi chiphaso, mwa maikidwe yekha ndi limodzi ndi kalozera.

Chatsopano akukumana Crimea Natural Reserve. Alushta, umene uli likulu loyambirira la malo nkhalango, ali ndi malo apadera - apa ndi kasamalidwe ka malo, ndi Museum wa Chilengedwe ndi dendrozoopark. 1600 Museum zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ndikuuzeni za nyama ndi zomera za malo, za mbiri ya chilengedwe chake.

zodutsa Great

Alushta kuyamba awiri maphunziro chilengedwe njira maulendo bungwe. Crimea Natural Reserve ulendo zikuphatikizapo basi achisangalalo mzinda. Mu njira yoyamba wapatsidwa ola 2. Kuyenera kukaona Cosmas-Damian obisika ndipo mumapezeka nsomba munda. Obisika m'ma 160 zaka. Malowa ali pamtunda 22 Km from Alushta pamalo okwera mamita 750 pamwamba pa nyanja. Ndi obisika kugwira ntchito bwalo lalikulu lomwe - m'tauni yaing'ono Partenit. Nathenje munda inamangidwa mu 1958. Alendo zimaperekedwa kufufuza pabwalo zasayansi kafukufuku.

zosasinthika Crimea

Njira nambala 2 kutalika 60 Km amatchedwa "Crimea zosungika". Patangopita maola 5 alendo adzakomana ndi ankakuwa wapadera chithumwa Crimea gawo ili. Ulendowu kukaponya Alushta ndipo itha peyala cordon, msewu umene uli m'malo zovuta, chifukwa akuimira streamer. Gawo la izo ndi wotchuka, anamanga mu 1913, msewu anaika lamulo Nicholas II, otchedwa Romanovskoe msewu, atazunguliridwa ndi zinyama zidzasintha. Pa njira alonda ambiri, kuganizira mfundo yakuti siteji. Kuwonjezera zinthu ziwiri njira yoyamba zikuphatikizapo maulendo Chuchelskogo pochitika, kuchokera njira amatsogolera ku nkhalango mumamera ndi gwero la yaikulu m'dera Kacha mtsinje. Poyima penapo - kukwaniritsidwa kwa njira, "lamdima lija mphepo", inali pamalo okwera mamita 1424 pamwamba pa nyanja. Mwa zokopa ambiri pansi mukuona "Artek". Pamakhala Nikita Pass mwagona amasiya - cordon a mwala wofiira.

Reviews

Mawu pofotokoza amasangalatsa wosankha mwa njira sizingatheke iwo kuzioneka. Tikhoza kunena kuti Crimea Natural Reserve ndi ndemanga kwambiri adamthamangira. Ngati ngakhale negotiated zofooka zina, komabe ndemanga mathero exclamations ya kuzizwa chikhalidwe, kukongola mitundu wapadera, mpweya, kusakanikirana chodabwitsa nyanja ndi mapiri.