Confucius: yonena ndi nzeru

Yemwe amadziwika Europe monga Confucius ku China nthawi watiitana Kong Qiu. Komabe, maonekedwe a katchulidwe Chinese kuyambitsa mitundu yambiri ya galamafoniyo: Kung Fu Tse, Kong Zi kapena Zi yosavuta. Otsiriza, kweni limatanthauza "mphunzitsi." Confucius, amene yonena tsopano ndi imodzi mwa gwero lodalirika zauzimu okhala Ufumu Middle, anali munthu wamkulu wakale Chinese woganiza, tchire ndipo anayambitsa dongosolo nzeru zaumunthu, amene analandira dzina lake. The chakudya yaikulu ya chiphunzitso chimenechi anali mfundo koyenela wa wakale Chinese ndi kufunika zachilengedwe anthu chimwemwe komanso mtendere.

Confucius: yochepa yonena

Munthu ameneyu anabadwa padziko 551 BC. e. m'chigawo ano Shandong (ndiye Qufu). Confucius, amene yonena amaphunzira kwambiri, monga timatha ndi zilipo magwero a mbiri yakale, anali mbadwa ya banja losauka lolemera. bambo ake anali wachikulire kapitawo. Kuyambira ndili mwana, mnyamata ankadziwa ntchito mwakhama ndi mavuto. Komabe, chidwi, khama ndiponso amafuna kutuluka anthu anamukankha kuphunzira mosalekeza ndi kudzikonda kusintha.

Confucius, amene yonena ndi zamavuto ndi mavuto unyamata wake ntchito monga woyang'anira m'mayiko onse ndi malo. Komabe, ndili ndi zaka 22 anayamba zimene kenako kumatanthauza ntchito yake - maphunziro payekha. Tisaiwale kuti China wakhala chikuzika maphunziro. Kusunthira mmwamba ntchito makwerero zikanakhala Sindingachite popanda kudutsa mayeso wapadera. Posachedwa mnyamata anakhala wotchuka onse Ufumu Middle. Iwo anapanga sukulu payekha anali wotseguka kwa onse, kaya chuma kapena chiyambi mfulu. Confucius, amene yonena ladzala ndi mafanizo ambiri ndi nkhani za ubwenzi aphunzitsi ndi ana asukulu sali pa mlandu wina uliwonse kwa m'badwo kucha kwambiri akale. zaka 50 zokha iye afika pa ntchito mmboma. Komabe, posakhalitsa zokhota anakakamizika iye kuti achoke choncho, ndiye kuti zaka khumi ndi zitatu amayendera China pamodzi ndi ophunzira ake. Pa maulendo ake anapanga maulendo zonse abwanamkubwa a m'madera osiyanasiyana, kubweretsa chiphunzitso chawo zabwino ndiponso zandale. Komabe, maganizo a Confucius mu zaka sanali wotchuka, chimene iwo anali kukhala nthawi ina. Mu 484 BC. e. Iye zikukhazikitsa mu mzinda wa Lu. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, woganiza kwambiri anangokhala ndi nkhani ya chiphunzitso.

nthano ya iye amati kuti nzeru za Confucius likupitirirabe wotchuka kwambiri mu China. Chiwerengero cha ophunzira ake pafupi zikwi zitatu. Awa, pafupi makumi asanu ndi zoyerekeza. Khumi zonse relentlessly anatsatira wakeyo. Pali ngakhale ophunzira twente-sikisi kwambiri woganiza dzina. Limodzi ndi iyi, Confucius akhala mabuku. Mu 479 BC. e. nzeru zapamwamba chachikulu agwidwa imfa. Malinga ndi nthano, izo zinachitika pa magombe a mtsinje chete, mu mthunzi wa nthambi ndi masamba kusesa mtengo.