Chopereka magazi: ubwino ndi mopweteka. Kodi ndi mmene kuti apereke magazi

Chopereka cha magazi ndi zigawo zake - ndi basi yaufulu magazi chopereka munthu komanso zosiyanasiyana zochitika, amene umalimbana kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi zogula bungwe nkhaniyo. Tikumbukenso kuti zimenezi wakhala akufunafuna mwakhama ntchito panthawi ya nkhondo. Kuti mudziwe mmene kupereka magazi kwa ndalama, tikhoza kapena ayi, adzaphunzilanso pa zipangizo operekedwa ndi nkhaniyi.

Kodi kuchokera?

chopereka magazi wamba pafupifupi m'mayiko onse. Amatengedwa zolinga maphunziro ndi kafukufuku, kwa kupanga mankhwala ndi zipangizo zogwiritsa. Chipatala ntchito zinthu ndi zigawo zake kugwirizana ndi kuika aliyense kuti wodwala zolinga achire komanso polenga inventories kuti ukafunidwe milandu mwadzidzidzi.

Chifukwa ntchito mmalo?

Ngakhale ndi patsogolo luso ndi asayansi atulukira wa chopereka magazi sasiya kufunika kwake. Pambuyo mmalo ake kupanga poizoni, ndi zotsatira zambiri mbali, mosayenera mtengo ndipo sangathe kubereka kwathunthu zonse ntchito za chuma mu thupi. Pa nkhani imeneyi, magazi mwiniwake kuika n'chofunika anadwala kuvulala zosiyanasiyana ndipo amayaka nthawi ntchito zovuta, komanso mu ntchito yakalavulagaga.

Tikumbukenso kuti inventories zakuthupi ndi n'zofunika kwambiri kuti odwala ndi magazi ochepa khansa ndi amapatsira mwana wake ndi mankhwala amphamvu. Malinga ndi ziwerengero aliyense wokhala lachitatu la dziko lathuli kamodzi pa moyo wawo kuti magazi. Sitingathe amanyalanyaza mfundo yakuti mu dziko lathu osowa mankhwala magazi ndi zigawo zake (kupanga zoweta). N'chifukwa chake anaganiza kutsegula la feduro pulogalamu "utumiki Magazi", imene imafuna anthu Russian kuti nonremunerated.

Choyimira m'mayiko osiyanasiyana

chopereka magazi pa lendi pafupifupi maiko onse a dziko lapansi. Komanso, ena mwa iwo ndi chizindikiro kake. Motero, m'mayiko Masewerera a Nordic ntchito fano vuwo ndi madontho a magazi. Mbalame, chifuwa akugwera ake kudyetsa anapiye, kufanizira chikondi chosadzikonda. Akhristu omwe analemba zambiri poyerekeza nyama ndi Yesu Khristu, amene anadzipereka yekha chipulumutso cha anthu onse.

tsiku mwiniwake

chopereka magazi pogwiritsa nkhani. Komabe, mwambo umenewo akuyitanira onse. Si kale anaganiza kulengeza June 14 monga tsiku lokumbukira woperekayo. Lero osankhidwa ndi kukhazikika mabungwe atatu ndi mokomera ufulu ndi zaufulu chopereka magazi. Zikuphatikizapo bungwe la International Federation wa Red Cross Society, ndi Society mayiko a magazi ndi bungwe la International Federation wa mabungwe Wodwala Magazi.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti mu Russian National Wodwala Tsiku chikondwerero pa 20 April.

mitundu ya chopereka

chopereka magazi, amene ubwino ndi mopweteka kale kudziwika kwa onse, kumatanthauza magazi zitsanzo zosankhidwazi. Komabe, nkhani ya munthu makamaka akhoza kumwedwa ndi zolinga zosiyana. Taganizirani mitundu ya zopereka mwatsatanetsatane.

Autodonorstvo. preform zisanayambe wodwalayo magazi wotsatira opaleshoni anakonza. Monga amadziwika, ndi kuikidwa zinthu zakunja ndi zovuta chamoyo chilichonse. Koma ntchito zanu amalola inu kuchepetsa zovuta zilizonse.

Zoperekazo magazi athunthu. Chotero mpanda chuma kumafuna wotsatira resuspension mu njira usawonongeke, umene magazi ndi wosiyana m'zigawo kukonzedwa kapena anatsanulira.

Wodwala plasmapheresis. chopereka Izi magazi kumachitika pamanja kapena wosangalatsa. M'nkhaniyo Buku plasmapheresis naye wapadera thumba wosabala. Ndiponso, centrifuged, anapatukana mu madzi ndi maselo ofiira okhaokha magazi (ntchito plazmoekstraktora), inatuluka yotsirizira amagwanso woperekayo. Voliyumu ya kufalitsidwa magazi kuchuluka imalipidwa mokwanira saline.

Ndi zodziwikiratu plasmapheresis munthu chikugwirizana ndi olekanitsa a. Magazi nthaŵi ndondomeko ndi akutengedwa kwathunthu. Ndiponso, anapatukana mu madzi ndi zinthu kulengedwa, pamenepo woyamba anabwerera kwa mwiniwake. Iwo ikuchitika N'chimodzimodzinso ndi kukonza magazi.

Wodwala trombotsitaferez. zitsanzo zosankhidwazi amenewa ikuchitika ntchito zida wapadera. misa kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi yamasulidwa wopereka magazi. Monga ziri zodziwika bwino, izo Zinkafunikiradi pa mankhwala amphamvu odwala khansa ndi zolakwika zina, amene anatsagana ndi thrombocytopenia. kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi billet ali ndi ndalama m'malo okwezeka. N'chifukwa chake chopereka magazi ndi kuitana anthu okhawo amene mobwerezabwereza wadutsa zinthu m'njira imeneyi. Inde, mu nkhani iyi, akatswiri ndi chidaliro chonse chakuti ali ndi matenda palibe transmissible.

Wodwala granulotsitaferez (kapena leykotsitaferez). Odwala aakulu mavuto opatsirana ndi Akufunika granulocytes, ndi mtundu wa maselo oyera. ndondomeko ndi ofanana ndi yobereka ndi maselo othandiza magazi kuundana mpanda. Tikumbukenso kuti granulocyte kuika zambiri ikuchitika maola angapo pambuyo zitsanzo zosankhidwazi kwa woperekayo.

Chopereka m'thupi plasma. chopereka mwazi chopereka mu njira iyi ikukhudza Katemera wa anthu kupsyinjika otetezeka matenda wothandizila. The madzi amene hereinafter wachotsedwa chotero mwiniwake, muli chitetezo ndi nthumwi causative, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga medicaments. Nthawi zina, zinthu udzathiridwa odwala debilitated mu maonekedwe ake angwiro ndi mbali ya polyvalent mankhwala kapena prophylaxis.

Wodwala eritrotsitaferez. Maselo ofiira okhaokha analandira mwa njira imeneyi n'kofunika odwala ndi magazi m'thupi ndi kuvutika ena omwe limodzi ndi kuchepa mu mapangidwe magazi ndi otsika hemoglobin. mpanda dzanja ofanana plasmapheresis. Kusiyana kokha kuti pamene thupi la eritrotsitafereze mwiniwake kupatula Komiti Yomanga Yachigawo anabwerera onse zigawo otsala magazi. N'chifukwa chake amapanga buku ake salinso liyenela kukhazikitsa saline.

zofunikira, ufulu ndi udindo wopereka

Kodi kupereka magazi chopereka, amadziwa pafupifupi aliyense. Komabe, sikuti aliyense amadziwa zinthu zimene zimagwira ntchito kwa anthu amenewa.

kupereka magazi zitha kukhala munthu wabwino amene wakhala mfumukazi zaka 18. Munthu otere ayenera kukhala nzika ya la Russia kapena momwemo m'gawo lake (mwalamulo) osachepera 1 chaka. Woperekayo ayenera mwaufulu kwa kufuna kuti akhale mmodzi, chokuchititsani kufufuza mankhwala, komwe kunasonyeza palibe contraindications pokamba za nkhaniyo.

Pamaso ndalama iliyonse magazi munthu ayenera:

• kupereka pasipoti kapena chikalata ena adzadziwire;
• kukumana ndi kufufuza mankhwala;
• kupereka mauthenga onse pa matenda opatsirana, kuti kukhudzana ndi odwala matenda, za ntchito mankhwala chomwa mankhwalawa ndi zinthu psychotropic, kukhala m'dera limene kunalibe kuwopsyeza kwa yatsoka kapena kufalitsa miliri (misa matenda opatsirana), ntchito ndi zinthu woopsawo kapena oopsa ntchito, ndipo ndi katemera aliyense ndi maopaleshoni, amene anachita pa chaka yokha magaziwo.

ndi zinthu chopereka magazi ndi chiyani?

Pakati pa anthu amakono chotchuka kwambiri osati zosadziwika yobereka zinthu, komanso katundu magazi ndalama. Komabe, mu Mulimonsemo, pamaso mwambo umenewo munthu ayenera pangani akaunti, lembani mafunso, komanso kukumana ndi kufufuza mankhwala. Choncho, woperekayo ayenera apereke magazi hemoglobin kusanthula (otengedwa chala), ndiye pitani Transfusiologist. Zonse za izi zichitike mwachindunji mu chigawo mwiniwake ndi nthawi yambiri.

ndilandire reanalysis yobereka magazi athunthu miyezi sikisi iliyonse mongodzipereka. Ngati munthu sakhala malo, izo kukolola magazi amatayidwa. Pa yobereka nkhaniyo ili kuposa katatu mu 1 chaka woperekayo chofunika kuti apange ECG ndi kutanthauzira, chifuwa x-ray, kupereka mkodzo ndi magazi, komanso kuti amuthandize matenda, zomwe adzatsimikizira sitinkatha kukambirana ndi odwala matenda ndi odwala matenda a chiwindi. The kugonana fairer amfunsefunse ndi gynecologist a.

chopereka magazi: ubwino ndi mopweteka

Koma munacita bwino, mpanda zinthu sadzamva kuvutitsa woperekayo, ndipo ngakhale zimamuthandiza. Kupulumutsa munthu moyo, yodzipereka, kuchita zabwino kwa munthu wina, komanso iyeyo. Izi anafotokoza motere:

• Pamene mpanda zinthu ndi ntchito ya mapangidwe magazi ayamba kwambiri adamulowetsa, chifukwa mu kudziona watsopano wa magazi. Osati popanda chifukwa mu Ages Middle kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza ena kuvutika magazi.
• Ubwino chopereka magazi ndi chakuti chifukwa cha njira zimenezi anthu kwambiri yotsitsa ndulu ndi chiwindi. Ndipotu, mbali ya ntchito zawo mokomera kutaya akufa maselo ofiira.
• Thupi la munthu amayamba kwambiri kukhala chitetezo chokwanira ngakhale kutaya kwa magazi yaing'ono.
• Magazi zitsanzo zosankhidwazi - ndi mtundu wa kupewa matenda a dongosolo m'mimba, dongosolo mtima, ndi zina zotero.

Zoperekazo amapweteka?

N'chifukwa chiyani anthu ena yoopsa okha chochitika chotero, monga chopereka magazi? Kuwonongeka kwa ndondomekoyi kwenikweni chichitike, koma pokhapokha ngati ikuchitika bwino. Komabe, magombe magazi ntchito akatswiri kokha, kumene kukusalani zimenezi zingathe.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti matenda mongodzipereka pa zoperekazo magazi n'zokayikitsa monga:

• jekeseni ya maofesiwo kupopera mankhwala ndi mowa kapena njira yapadera;
• magazi zitsanzo zosankhidwazi ikuchitika ntchito dongosolo latsopano, decompressed mwachindunji ndi woperekayo;
• mu nkhani yosankha chilichonse mwa zigawo zake payekha magazi zotsalira unatsanuliridwa mmbuyo kupyola mu dongosolo lomwelo; pamene mongodzipereka bwino kuti yekha deta ndi kupezeka kwa chidebe.

Ngakhale takambiranazi, kusatetezeka chikhalire. Komabe, ichi chikhonza kuchitika pokhapokha mwa magazi mwachindunji magazi. Ngakhale ngati muyeso ndi pokha pokha wapadera komwe kulibe zinthu kapena nthawi kugwira zofunika miyezo kukonzekera.

Contraindications chopereka

Malinga maopaleshoni ndi matenda, munthu sungathe analola kuti apereke magazi (mosasintha kapena mongoyembekezera).

Pakuti contraindications zosakhalitsa monga kubowola makutu, zizindikiro, immunizations, ena matenda opatsirana (pachimake kupuma matenda, SARS), ntchito, kuphatikizapo mimba, mkaka wa m'mawere ndi mimba. Kuti apereke magazi chopereka, mu Zikatero, kudikira miyezi 3 kapena zambiri.

Mwa nthawi zonse ngati contraindications monga pamaso pa AIDS, chiwindi tizilombo, anapeza kapena kobadwa nako chindoko, chonyamulira cha matenda HIV, chikanga, zowombetsa mkota psoriasis, khungu, pakalibe okwana kulankhula ndi kumva, zizolowezi, khansa, uchidakwa, opaleshoni kumuika kapena resection chilichonse ziwalo ndipo zimakhala.

ayamikira kuti othandizira ndalama

Pamaso pa yobereka othandizira ndalama yomweyo magazi osavomerezeka:

• kumwa mowa m'masiku osakwana 2;
• aperekepo magazi pa chopanda kanthu m'mimba (m'mawa, ndi zofunika kudya zimam'patsa koma otsika mafuta chakudya);
• Usiku woti kudya aliwonse, zokometsera, yokazinga, kusuta, mafuta, mkaka ndi mazira;
• kusuta ola zosakwana 1 isanafike ndondomeko;
• kutenga mankhwala "ndi aspirin" ndi analgesics, komanso medicaments iliyonse munali iwo (kwa maola 72 asanayambe ndondomeko);
• aperekepo magazi ngati mukuona akudwala, mutu, kuzizira, chizungulire, kapena kufooka.

Potsatira ndondomeko, woperekayo sayenera zolimbitsa kuyenda. Patangotha masiku 2 atatha kubereka magazi chofunika kudya mokwanira ndi kumwa malita osachepera 2 pa tsiku la madzi (tiyi, madzi, madzi). Kubwezeretsa zoipazi, Wodzipereka ayenera kudyedwa zinthu monga khofi, chocolate ndi hematogen.

zoletsa othandizira ndalama

Monga amadziwika, chopereka magazi kumabweretsa imfa chidwi a madzimadzi mu thupi, ndiponso kuchepa kuthamanga. Pa nkhani imeneyi, poyerekezera mwiniwake woyikidwa malamulo otsatirawa:

• Oimira kugonana mphamvu saloledwa kuti apereke magazi athunthu mpaka chaka 5 nthawi, pamene akazi - zosaposa nthawi 4 miyezi 12.
• Mu malamulo ziliri pa dziko magazi lonse sitingakayikire oposa 1 nthawi miyezi 2.
• yobereka mobwerezabwereza plasma ikuchitika pambuyo poti masiku 14.
• Pambuyo Kutolere magazi athunthu amaloledwa kuti aperekepo plasma yekha mwezi.
• Saloledwa amapereka magazi chopereka pambuyo usiku tulo.
• Wodzipereka sayenera kulemera makilogalamu zosakwana 45. Thupi kutentha pamaso yobereka magazi sayenera upambana 37 ° C ndi zoipazi - kuchokera 80 160 mamilimita Hg. Art. ndi kwa 70 100 mamilimita Hg. Art. ankalemekeza. The umagunda mofulumira kuchokera mwiniwake ayenera kukhala mozungulira 55-100 kumenyedwa pa mphindi.
• The kugonana fairer sangathe amapereka magazi athunthu pa msambo kapena masiku asanu isanafike asayembekezere, komanso pa sabata pambuyo. Komanso, akazi saloledwa kukhala othandizira ndalama pa mkaka wa m'mawere ndi mimba.

kuti adzimvera

Kodi kupereka magazi kwa ndalama? Ngati mulibe contraindications aliyense chifukwa chotenga nkhani yanu, lankhulani yapafupi mwiniwake mfundo. Monga ulamuliro, zilipo m'mizinda yonse ya la Russia.