Table vaccinations kwa chaka ana. Calendar ya katemera wa ana osaposa chaka chimodzi

Makolo amakono anawagawa mitundu itatu: woyamba mokomera katemera wa ana, ena zoipa ndipo ena ali ganizo. Pamaso pafupi iliyonse ya magulu, m'pofunika kumvetsa mfundo "katemera" ndi bwino nkhani imene ikukambidwa. Tiona vaccinations onse yaikulu mpaka chaka (zomwe zimachititsa kuvomerezedwa ndi amene ali optional), komanso tione mndandanda katemera ikuchitika akafika zaka chaka chimodzi.

Mbiri ya katemera

Nkhani yoyambirira ya tsiku katemera ku m'ma 8. Ngakhale madokotala a Ayurveda anapeza kuti katemera ndi nthomba amakumana ndi mawonekedwe ake aakulu. Koma chifukwa cha kusowa kudziwa za mitundu ya matenda, chifukwa cha katemera ankakonda amapha.

Kwa zaka zambiri, asayansi ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana analankhula nkhani ya kupewa matenda kudzera mwa katemera, kafukufuku, kulemba kafukufuku. Koma mu m'ma 19 Lui Paster (French immunologist) akanakhoza kubwera pafupi mokwanila pa njira ya chitukuko cha katemera matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana.

Chiyambireni cha zaka mazana makumi awiri, iwo anayamba kupanga oposa 100 katemera osiyana kuti adziteteze matenda makumi anayi amayamba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ntchito mogwirizana.

Katemera ndi chiyani?

Katemera (katemera) - ndi kumatheka chitetezo chokwanira synthetically, ndi kugwiritsira kwa munthu ndi zinthu zapadera zopangitsa kuti kumapangitsanso kukana ake matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana. Katemera akuchita zolinga njira ndi umathandizanso.

Njira Katemera

Katemera wa ana ikuchitika m'njira zotsatirazi:

1. Mu mnofu jekeseni. The njira zambiri ankakonda popereka katemera, kuyambira mu Pankhaniyi imatsala msanga, chitetezo chokwanira amayamba kutulutsa mofulumira, amachepetsa chiopsezo thupi lawo siligwirizana.
2. Wapakamwa njira. Choncho katemera kutumikiridwa ndi matenda enterovirus, zomwe mu mawonekedwe a m'malovu, ndi shuga kapena cracker ali m'mimba mwa mtima. The sangathe wa njira iyi kuti sangathe anati mlingo okhulupirika.
3. Intradermally. Mu njira iyi, katemera amenewa kutumikiridwa monga TB BCG moyo tularemia ndi nthomba.
4. Subcutaneous jekeseni. The njira adalipo ambiri a inactivated ndi "moyo" katemera (chikuku, chikuku, mumps, chikasu malungo, etc.).
5. Intranasal. Zimatengera oyamba a katemera mu mphuno ndi amapereka njira kulimbana matenda pochulukitsa droplet njira.

Chofunika ndi optional vaccinations

Pa dera la katemera dongosolo Russian Federation kwa chaka amaphatikizapo zinafunika ndi optional vaccinations.

Mokakamizidwa Katemera - katemera ndi matenda a mitundu aakulu. Iwo amakhala mu kalendala dziko ndi dera katemera njira. Katemera zina ikuchitika pa pempho la mtima Mwachitsanzo, pamaso pa ulendo.

Nthawi yotsiriza kalendala mitundu vaccinations ana a chaka chimodzi zakubadwa ndi achikulire ndipo anavomereza ndi Order kwa Utumiki wa Health ndi Social Development wa 31/02/11, pansi 51H chiwerengero "Pa kukondweretsa kalendala mtundu wa katemera njira pa zikuonetsa mliri." Wovomerezeka vaccinations tebulo chaka chimodzi ndi wamkulu amapereka oyamba a katemera ndi matenda ofunika wamba opatsirana tizilombo toyambitsa, monga a chiwindi B, chifuwa chachikulu, poliyo, diphtheria, akuphokosera chifuwa, kafumbata, mumps ndi ena.

immunizations Amafuna ana mpaka chaka - ndandanda

Mmunsimu muli mndandanda wa vaccinations, amene kwenikweni zimapangitsa mwana mpaka chaka.

Ndandanda wa katemera chaka akhoza pang'ono ankatembenukira Mwachitsanzo, katemera ndi TB ana amene pobadwa kulemedwa magalamu zosakwana 2,000, chiyani, ngati iwo khungu woonda kwambiri.

vaccinations zina

List njira katemera opondapo, kotero pano amatchulidwa ambiri.

Kodi katemera mwana wanu kuchita chaka salephera

Pambuyo katemera mwatsatanetsatane pa miyezi 6, mwana katemera pa 1 chaka. Pamafunikanso katemera ndi chikuku, chikuku ndi mumps.

Chikuku - matenda tizilombo kufalikira m'malovu njira (akucheza naye, pamene kutsokomola, sneezing, etc ...). Kutentha limatuluka kuti 39-40 ^C. otsatirawa zizindikiro: kuledzera, zidzolo, zotupa za m'mphuno mucosa ndi m'phuno (coryza, kutsokomola, sneezing, photophobia).

Chikuku - matenda HIV. Kugawira droplet njira. Ana angakule kuposa akulu kuvutika matenda. zizindikiro ndi awa: amphamvu malungo, zidzolo, kutupa lymph mfundo. Ngati mwana akudwala chikuku m'mimba, pali chiopsezo apamwamba a padera kapena kubadwa zopindika wa chitukuko.

Mumps - HIV kuti chimachititsa mumps matenda. Pamene iye afika mu thupi lathanzi ndi airborne m'malovu njira ndi kudutsa zinthu zoipa, zikuyamba kuchulukana kwambiri zopangitsa ndi malovu. Zizindikiro: malungo, kukulitsa wa zopangitsa ndi malovu, malaise, kusafuna kudya.

Ndi katemera mabuku chaka pansi tsamba mapewa. Revaccination amapezeka mu zaka 6. Inoculation wa 1 chaka umabala chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi chikuku, mumps ndi chikuku pa zaka 25.

Mosiyana ndi boma la vaccinations analipira

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, milandu pamene madokotala zipatala kupereka makolo kuchita ngati boma vaccinations ufulu ndipo analipira. Pa nthawi yomweyo kwathunthu kuvomerezedwa kuti analipira katemera bwino, palibe.

Nthawi zambiri analipira kumezetsanitsa ana osaposa chaka chimodzi ndi katemera kuti limapangidwa zigawo zingapo ndi matenda monga diphtheria, pertussis, matenda a chiwindi B, poliyo, fuluwenza mtundu B. Free inoculation yodziwika mu chimodzi kapena zingapo chosowacho zigawo zikuluzikulu. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti adzakhala sizithandiza. Monga dongosolo immunizations mmwamba, amapereka katemera mu njira zingapo Mwachitsanzo, katemera ndi poliyo zachitika payokha (osati intramuscularly ndi pakamwa).

Komanso, chifukwa cha zedi waukulu wa katemera pambuyo katemera msonkho alipo chiwerengero imabwera mavuto, omwe si choncho ndi muyezo inoculation. Onse katemera ndipo analipira boma ali m'gulu mndandanda wa analimbikitsa ndi chiphatso ndi World Health Organization (WHO).

Contraindications katemera

The contraindications zotsatirazi katemera:

1. N'zoona kuti anthu amene kutsimikiziridwa ndi maphunziro osiyanasiyana ndi kutchulidwa boma malamulo Russian ndi mayiko.
2. Chonyenga mwa adani a katemera.
3. Mtheradi - ndi contraindications woona umene katemera kwathunthu inathetsedwa.
4. Makonzedwe (wachibale) - ndi contraindications oona, imene chosankha kuchita za kumezetsanitsa amatenga dokotala zochokera mbiri matenda a khadi ndi mliri panopa zinthu wodwalayo.
5. Zosakhalitsa, ndiye pamaso pa mtima pa nthawi ya katemera wa zizindikiro zotsatirazi: malungo, zotsatira zosavomerezeka magazi ndi mkodzo mayesero, kapena pansi mlingo matenda, kufooka, pamaso pa njira yotupa.
6. Permanent - amene sangathe kuchotsedwa ngakhale patapita kanthawi.
7. contraindications Private ikukhudzana bwanji ndi katemera makamaka.

Zambiri zokhudza contraindications angapezeke pofufuza tebulo pansipa.

Zoperekedwa mndandanda wa contraindications amamuchititsa kutha. Ichi ndi chifukwa bwino katemera zisakuyenda bwino.

Zokuthandizani: isanayambe ndi pambuyo kumezetsanitsa

Kuti katemera wakwaniritsa cholinga chake ndi chiyani osati zoipa, ndi mwana si mantha njirayi m'tsogolo, zimene mungachite:

• muyenera kuchita magazi ndi mkodzo mayesero;
• kupeza maganizo a katswiriyu ana ndi allergist;
• sizimadya mwana pamaso katemera wa chakudya iye;
• kuwopsyeza mwana katemera, ngakhale ndi azithunzithunzi mawonekedwe;
• Bweretsani chidole ankakonda katemera mwana ndi thewera oyera kapena pepala kama;
• musaiwale Kalata katemera (ngati);
• kukambirana ndi dokotala mafunso onse ndi kukayikira;
• pa tsiku la katemera yokha, kuyeza thupi mwana kutentha;
• Musayese nkhawa yawo kusonyeza nkhawa wake kuti mwanayo;
• ngati pa nthawi ya katemera mwanayo anayamba kulira, ndiye msiyeni iye kulira izo, ndiyeno tiyeni mwana kutenga kwambiri, wodekha mpweya.

Pambuyo katemera, kumbukirani izi:

• kukhala kuchipatala kwa theka la ola ziziyenda chikhalidwe mwanayo;
• zinachitikira DTP katemera nyengo yotentha, kupereka antipyretic mwana;
• mu tsiku katemera kupewa mankhwala madzi ndi nezi yaitali.

Komanso musaiwale kuti kusintha kadyedwe mwana sitingakayikire kale kuposa 3 Patapita masiku katemera. Zotsatira zake zoyipa sikuti zimachitika nthawi yomweyo, ena ngakhale Kudzachitika tsiku 5.