Chomera "Electrosila" ku St. Petersburg: adilesi, katundu. OJSC Power Machines

Electrosila (St. Petersburg) ndi makampani akuluakulu omanga makina. Iye anali ndipo amakhalabe mmodzi mwa atsogoleri a dziko pakupanga zipangizo za magetsi a magetsi, nyukiliya ndi mphamvu zamagetsi. Chomeracho chimapereka ku Ulaya, Africa, ndi Asia. Dziko lonse la mgwirizano ndi maiko 87 a dziko lapansi.

Mpaka pano , zomera za nyukiliya m'madera a CIS zili ndi makina oyambitsa magetsi. Komanso zipangizozi zimapanga 70% ya magetsi komanso 60% za malo otentha.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Fakitale yoyamba, yopanga magetsi a magetsi kwa mabungwe ogulitsa mafakitale, adatchedwa "Siemens-Schuckert". Iyo inakhazikitsidwa mu 1853. Ndipotu, linali nthambi ya kampani ya ku Germany yotsegulidwa ku chilumba cha Vasilievsky chifukwa cha malamulo akuluakulu a boma la Russia. Mu 1898 fakitale inakhala gawo la kampani ya ku Russia yogwirizana ndi "Siemens ndi Halske", ndipo kuyambira nthawi ino mbiri ya malonda ikuwerengedwa.

Pambuyo pa nationalization

Pambuyo pa kusinthika, ntchitoyi idasinthidwa. Dzina lake lenileni linali Plant Electrosila mu 1922. Panthawiyi, akatswiri a kampaniyi adathandizira kuti pakhale kukonzekera ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko la Russia (GOELRO). Bungwe lokonzekera linapangidwa loyamba m'mbiri ya magetsi oyendetsa magetsi a dzikoli. Anaperekedwa ku Volkhov HPP, Gomel ndi Omsk TPP.

M'zaka za m'ma 1930, chomera cha Elektrosila chinali chitukuko cha mafakitale ndi zipangizo zamakono zamakono. Pazinthu zopangira, makina atsopano ndi nyumba zofunidwa zinapangidwa ndi kupanga. Kampaniyo inapereka zinthu kumsika wamakono ndi akunja, zamakono zamakampani, zomwe zinagawana nawo.

Akatswiri a kampaniyi kumayambiriro kwa zaka makumi atatu ndi atatu adalenga mpweya wodabwitsa wa hydrogenerator wokhala ndi 62 MW, womwe unapatsa moyo ku DnieproGES, ndipo chomeracho chinapanga mtsogoleri wa makampani. Mu 1937, ndi mphamvu ya ogwira ntchito, jenereta ya mtundu wa mpweya yomwe ili ndi mphamvu ya 100 MW inapangidwa ndi kumangidwa. Pa nthawi imeneyo kunali kupambana kachipangizo kake pa dziko lapansi.

Zochita

Nkhondo yatha pambuyo pake inali mavuto atsopano, panali polojekiti yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ya atomiki kuti izikhala mwamtendere. Chomera cha Electrosila chinagwira nawo mbali popanga gawo lamakono la zomera zamakono za nyukiliya. Malo osungirako mapangidwe anakhazikitsidwa pa malonda, ntchito zazikulu zomwe adapanga magetsi opanga magetsi.

Pakati pa 60-70s mbewuyi inapanga krasnoyarsk HPP ndi jenereta ya mphamvu ya MW 500 , ndipo makina a Sayano-Shushenskaya amamanga 640 MW. Mu 1980, antchito a malondawo anaperekedwa ndi zolemba zina zapamwamba, ndipo kupangika kachipangizo kunapangidwa. Kampaniyi yakhazikitsa jekeseni yothamanga kwambiri yothamanga kwambiri padziko lapansi, yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zokwana 1200 MW. Malo a ntchito yake anali Kostromskaya GRES.

Chinthu chimodzi mwazikulu kwambiri zomwe chomera cha Electrosila chitha kudzitamandira ndicho kupanga ndi kupanga magetsi oyambitsa zowonjezera zowopsa kwa magetsi a nyukiliya. Makina oterewa alibe zofanana mu malonda a zamakono padziko lonse lapansi. Kuwonjezera pa kupereka magetsi, kampaniyo imapanga galimoto zamagetsi pofunikanso mu zomangamanga, mankhwala, migodi, ndi metallurgy. Makampani ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi sitampu ya chomera cha Electrosila.

Monga gawo la nkhawa

Mu 1996, Elektrosila anakhala kampani yogwirizana, ndipo atatha kukonzanso umwini mu 2000, idagwirizana ndi Power Machines Group. Makampani omwe ankagwira ntchito mu injini, pofuna kupanga zipangizo zopangira magetsi, kutentha, etc. analowa nawo bungwe. Udindo wina wa ofesi yosungiramo ntchito imodzi yokha umapangitsa mwayi wa dziko kuti upeze mpikisano wothamanga pazeng'onoting'ono za zachuma.

Amakhulupirira kuti pofika chaka cha 2020 magetsi a dziko lapansi adzafunikanso kufika pa 22 trillion kWh, ndipo mabungwe omwewo omwe adzatha kupereka makasitomala ntchito zambirimbiri adzatha kugwira bwino ntchitoyi. Mpata woterewu umapezeka kokha ku mabungwe akuluakulu omwe amakumana ndi zovuta za dziko lapansi.

Monga gawo la Mphamvu Zamagetsi, Elektrosila akuphatikizidwa pakupanga zipangizo zogwirira ntchito ku Russia ku HPPs , Boguchanskaya HPPs, Indian TPPs (Sipat, Varkh), Mexico HPP El Kahon ndi ena ambiri.

Mitundu ya OJSC "Mphamvu Zamagetsi"

Chomera cha Electrosila chikuphatikizidwa pakupanga njira za polojekiti yonseyi. Kugwirizana kwa Power Machines kumapanga zinthu zambiri m'madera otsatirawa:

• Mphamvu ya nyukiliya. Pachiyambi cha zomera za "Electrosila" zotentha zowonjezera, zitsamba zamtundu, zitsulo zoyendetsa magalimoto, turbogenerators, zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka zimapangidwa.
• Kutentha kwa mphamvu zamagetsi. Zilumba zotentha ndi zitsulo zimapangidwa, zipangizo zowonjezera nyumba, zowonongeka, magetsi oyendetsa nthunzi, kuyambitsa zipangizo, opangira timagetsi.
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mafakitale a Hydro, hydrogenerators, machitidwe okondweretsa, zitseko zisanayambe, zowonongeka, ndi zina zotere zimapangidwa.

• Industrial, zida zonyamula katundu. Kuchokera kwa magetsi a AC, zipangizo zonse zosinthira ndi kutsogolera zowonetsera magetsi zamakono, magetsi a magetsi a AC ndi DC, magalimoto oyendetsa magetsi, magetsi oyendetsa magetsi, magetsi oyendetsa magetsi ndi nthunzi zamadzi zomwe zikufunikira zogulitsa sitimayo.
• Kupanga gridi yamagetsi. Kampaniyo imapanga zojambulajambula, komanso zimagwirizanitsa ndi mapangidwe awo.

Masewera a anthu

Kampaniyo imapereka chidwi kwambiri kwa chitetezo cha anthu ogwira ntchito, chitetezo cha anthu ogwira ntchito komanso kuonetsetsa kuti malipiro abwino ndi abwino. Pa gawo la chomera pali malo omwe anthu amakhala nawo, monga zipinda zodyeramo, zipatala, makalata osungiramo mabuku, etc. Ogwira ntchito aliyense angagwiritse ntchito kugula mavoti oyenera, komanso zofunikanso pogula zilolezo za nyumba ndi malo osangalatsa, m'misasa ya ana. Bungweli limapereka akatswiri onse ogwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi Code Labour of the Russian Federation.

Kwa antchito a kampaniyi, omwe ntchito yawo imakhudzidwa ndi ngozi zoopsa za thanzi, zoyezetsa zachipatala zimachitidwa malinga ndi mabungwe azachipatala. Kampaniyi imapanga makampani a "Megawatt", omwe amawonetsa nkhani zatsopano zomwe zikudetsa nkhaŵa, akuwonetseratu zomwe zikuchitika mu timuyi, amagwiritsanso ntchito ma TV, makampani a intaneti, nthawi zonse amachita mauthenga a pawailesi.

Utsogoleri

Mtsogoleri wa kampani Elektrosila - Rabchenya Vladimir Nikolaevich. Ndaphunzira maphunziro apadera ku Institute of Building-Building Institute, ndipo pambuyo pake ndinatumizidwa kumunda kuti ndikagawidwe. Anayamba ntchito yake monga mbuye.

Anaphunzira maphunziro apamwamba ku Leningrad Institute of Engineering ndi Economics, komwe adadziwa bwino zachuma pazamalonda. Mu 1997, adalandira udindo woyang'anira mbewu "Elecrosila", ndipo mu 2011 anakhala mtsogoleri wa malonda.

Adilesi

Chomera chotchedwa "Elecrosila" ndi chimodzi mwa atsogoleri asanu ndi limodzi omwe amapanga magetsi oyendetsa magetsi. Amatsutsana ndi Hitachi, General Electric, Alsthom, Siemens, ABB. Kodi chomeracho "Electrosila" chiri kuti? Adilesi ya kampaniyo: St. Petersburg, Moskovsky Prospect, Building 139.

Pambuyo pa mbeuyi inatsanulidwa ku Siloviye Mashiny Concern, gawo la gawo lake (7,2 hectares) kumbali yopanda chidwi ya Moscow Avenue anapatsidwa kuti amange. Chiyambi cha zomangidwe chikukonzekera mu 2017. Panthawi imeneyi, mphamvu yopanga katundu imachotsedwa kuderalo.