Chiwombankhanga cha Olimpiki: "Mwamsanga, Pamwamba, Lamphamvu!" Mbiri yamtundu wa Olimpiki

Kwa nthawi yoyamba Olimpiki anasonkhanitsa omvera ake mu 776 BC. E. Ochita masewera othamanga anachitika pafupi ndi Olympia pachilumba cha Peloponnese. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pamaseŵerawo nkhondo zonse m'derali zatha. Greece yakale yakhala ikuyang'ana masewera apadera a masewerawa kwa zaka zoposa 1,000. Ophunzirawo anali ankhondo, amuna, akukwera mpikisano pamtunda wa mamita 192 (siteji imodzi) wamaliseche. Chifukwa cha ichi, akazi sanaloledwe ku khola, ndipo iwo sanachite nawo mpikisano.

Kutalika kwa mpikisano kunali tsiku limodzi lokha. Pang'onopang'ono pulogalamu ya Olympiad inakula. Choyamba, kuthamanga kunawonjezeredwa ku magawo awiri, ndiye mpikisano wopirira, mpikisano wa pentathlon, kuthamanga ngolo, kuthamanga, kumenya nkhondo ndi ena. Chisankho choonjezera nthawi ya masewera masiku asanu chinatengedwa m'zaka za m'ma 400 BC. E. N'zomvetsa chisoni kuti Olimpiki anali 394, mpikisanoyo inathetsedwa chifukwa chosagwirizana ndi Chikhristu. Ndipotu, poyamba anali odzipereka kwa Zeus ndi milungu ina kuchokera ku phiri lopatulika. Masewerawa adatsitsimutsidwa mu 1896 chifukwa cha khama ndi kuyesayesa kwa Pierre de Coubertin m'malo ophiphiritsira - ku Athens. Ndipo kuyambira 1924 Masewera a Olimpiki a Zima ayamba.

Zizindikiro za Olimpiki

Masewera ali ndi chizindikiro chawo - moto, mbendera, nyimbo, chidole, mphete ndi lumbiro.

Moto unabwera ku miyambo ya Olimpiki kuchokera ku Greece: unasamutsidwa kuchoka ku guwa la Hestia kupita ku guwa la nsembe la Zeus.

Mbendera ya Masewera a Olimpiki ndi yoyera popanda malire kapena chimango ndi chithunzi cha mphete zisanu. Mtundu woyera umaimira mgwirizano wa mitundu yonse, dziko lapansi, ndi mphete zomwe zilipo - lingaliro la Olympic.

Nyimboyi imachitika pamene mbendera imakwezedwa ndi kuchepetsedwa, komanso nthawi zina zovuta.

Chombochi chimaphatikizapo mawu ophatikiza "Ofulumira, Oposa, Okhwima!".

Mapulogalamu, ogwirizanitsidwa palimodzi, akuwonetsa mgwirizano wa makontinenti onse, "chigwirizano" cha nthawi ya masewera, msonkhano wa othamanga ochokera padziko lonse lapansi mu mpikisano wokondweretsa. Mitundu yawo imayimira magawo asanu a dziko lapansi.

Lumbiro la Olimpiki likukonzekera kulengeza kufunikira kwa kulimbana ndi mzimu wake. Zimapanga chikhalidwe cha chilungamo ndi chidaliro.

Mbiri ya mawu akuti "Mofulumira, Pamwamba, Kwamphamvu!"

Chilankhulochi ndi mawu achilatini akuti "Citius, Altius, Fortius!", Omwe amatanthauza "Mwamsanga, Pamwamba, Kwamphamvu!" Wolembayo ndi Henri Didon, yemwe ndi mkulu wa koleji yauzimu, wansembe wa ku France. Kumayambiriro kwa maseŵera ku koleji, adayesa kufotokozera momveka bwino komanso mwachidule momwe angafunire kuyesetsa molimbika, kuphatikizapo masewera olimbitsa thupi pa anthu. Pierre de Coubertin ankakonda kwambiri Chilatini ndipo pamene mu 1894, pamene adalenga IOC (Komiti ya Olimpiki Yadziko Lonse), panabuka funso lomwe chivomerezo cha Masewera a Olimpiki chivomerezedwa, a Coubertin sanazengereze ndi kunena kuti "Mofulumira, Kwakukulu, Kwamphamvu". Woyamba IOC Bulletin wa 1894 kwa nthawi yoyamba anagwiritsa ntchito mawu omveka pamutu wake. Chivomerezo cha boma chinali mu 1913, ndipo kuchokera mu 1920 chakhala mbali ya chizindikiro cha Olimpiki. Chigamulochi chinayambika pa VIII Masewera Achilimwe ku Paris kokha mu 1924.

Mfundo yosadziwika ya Masewera a Olimpiki

De Coubertin akutchulidwanso kuti amapanga liwu losavomerezeka la Olimpiki, lomwe limati: "Chinthu chachikulu si kupambana, koma kutenga nawo mbali." Ndipotu, mawu awa adayankhulidwa ndi Bishop wa Pennsylvania mu 1908 pa London Olympic. Kugawidwa kunamveketsa chifundo kwa wothamanga, yemwe adalephera kupambana, koma anamenya nkhondo yomaliza ndi mphamvu zake zonse. Mawuwa anatumizidwa ku adiresi ya Pietri Dorando, wothamanga wa ku Italy. Madzulo a Dorando anali osayenera chifukwa cha thandizo linalake kumapeto, zomwe sanapemphe pamene adathamanga mtunda wa marathon. Pa mwambowu, adalandirabe chikho chagolide kwa membala wa banja lachifumu kuti apindule bwino.

Chilankhulo cha Olimpiki "Chofulumira, Chokwanira, Cholimba!" Chimodzimodzi molondola ndi molondola chimasonyeza cholinga cha othamanga kuzungulira dziko lapansi.

Zomwe zimakumbukika kwambiri

Kuwonjezera pa chilankhulo chovomerezeka, dziko lirilonse limafuna kudzidziwitsa lokha ngati liwu lopangidwa la masewera ake. Chimodzi mwa zabwino kwambiri mpaka pano ndi chilankhulo cha Olimpiki ku Beijing (2008) - "Dziko Limodzi, Loto Lina", potembenuza - "Dziko Limodzi, Loto Limodzi". Ichi ndi chisonyezero cha mfundo ya umodzi. Idavumbulutsidwa mu 2004 komanso kwa zaka 4 zotsatira, sakanatha kuganiza bwino. Panalinso mawu ena osangalatsa ndi osaiwalika. Ku Vancouver (2010), mwachitsanzo, panali ma motto awiri. Chimodzi mwa izo chiri mu Chingerezi ("Ndi Kuwala Mitima"), ndipo chachiwiri mu French. Kutembenuzidwa kwenikweni ndiko "Ndi mitima yotentha". Chilankhulo cha Sydney (2000) chinakumbukiranso kuti: "Gawani mzimu" ndipo, ndithudi, Salt Lake City (2002), yomwe imamveka ngati "Ikani moto mkati".

Zaka ziwiri zamaseŵera a Olimpiki, nyengo ya chilimwe ndi yozizira

Masewera a Olimpiki a Zima ndi ocheperapo kwambiri kuposa a chilimwe. Iwo anayamba kuchitika mu French Chamonix mu 1924. Mpaka chaka cha 1994, mwadzidzidzi ndi chaka cha Olimpiki ya Chilimwe, pambuyo pa 1994, nthawiyi inachepetsedwa kufikira zaka ziwiri. Masewera a Masewera a Olimpiki a Zima ku Sochi (2014) anali ndi ndondomeko ya mawu atatu "Hot. Zima. Zanu. " Akulankhula za momwe aliyense akukhudzidwira pa zomwe zikuchitika, ponena za kukula kwa nkhondo ndi nthawi ya mpikisano.

"Dziko limodzi, loto limodzi"

Kwa zaka zambiri, maseŵera a Olimpiki sanathetse vuto lililonse. Tsopano iyi ndi imodzi mwa zochitika zazikuru ndi zosangalatsa padziko lapansi, pamene nkhondo zonse za nkhondo zimayima. Sewero la masewera silinatuluke, koma anabadwanso ndi mphamvu zatsopano ndi zikhumbo zokhumba zabwino. Moto wopsa umapsa pafupifupi pafupifupi mtima uliwonse, ndipo mawu othamanga a Olimpiki "Ofulumira, Oposa, Okhwima!" Amamveka pa masewera aliwonse a masewera. Anthu mamiliyoni ambiri padziko lapansi akugwira nawo ntchito yovuta kwambiriyi komanso yodabwitsa. Ndipo ndani sangakhoze kutenga nawo mbali, amayesera kumuyang'ana iye kuchokera pamtunda, akuwombera moona mtima chifukwa cha zokondedwa zake. Komanso, mwambowu ukhoza kuwonetsedwa pawindo la pa TV, pokhala m'nyumba yosangalatsa kapena kumakhala ndi anzanu. Kuphatikizanso, ochita masewera apadziko lonse ali ndi mwayi wothetsa vuto lawoli: ngati mwagonjetsa, mphoto idzakhala yaikulu kwambiri. Ndipo kumenyera ma medali, komanso kuyang'ana mpikisano, tsopano ndi zotheka kwa amayi. Komanso, pali masewera a paralympic, omwe anthu olemala amachita nawo, kusonyeza mphamvu yaikulu kwambiri ya malingaliro.