Chiphunzitso cha relativity m'njira yosavuta. chiphunzitso Einstein wa relativity

SRT, chala - pansi acronyms izi amabisa pafupifupi bwino akuti "chiphunzitso cha relativity". Mawu osavuta, mukhoza kufotokoza zonse, ngakhale watero namatetule, choncho musataye mtima ngati inu sindikukumbukira sayansi sekondale, chifukwa n'kosavuta kwambiri kuposa zikuwoneka.

chiphunzitso nucleation

Tiyeni tiyambe Inde "Chiphunzitsochi wa Relativity kwa Dummies." Albert Einstein lofalitsidwa ntchito yake mu 1905, ndipo anachititsa kumveka Akatswiri. Chiphunzitsochi ndi pafupifupi kwathunthu chimakwirira mipata ambiri ndi umboni wakuti sayansi ya atumwi wotsiriza, komanso, mwa zina, anatembenuka lingaliro la malo ndi nthawi. Ambiri Einstein a m'nthawi chiyanjo kunali kovuta kukhulupirira, koma zatsopano ndi kafukufuku yekha zikusonyeza kuti mawu a wasayansi wamkulu.

chiphunzitso Einstein wa relativity m'njira yosavuta anafotokoza zimene anthu anamenyana kwa zaka zambiri. Iwo angatchedwe maziko a sayansi amakono onse. Komabe, tisanayambe kulankhula za chiphunzitso cha relativity, m'pofunika kuti anthu amvetse mawu. Ine ndikutsimikiza ambiri ndikuwerengera otchuka sayansi Nkhani atakumana ndi acronyms awiri: SRT ndi GRT. Ndipotu, iwo amatanthauza zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba - ichi ndi chiphunzitso chapadera cha relativity ndi kukaimika winayo "chiphunzitso ambiri relativity."

Monga za zovuta za

STO - kusiyana ndi chiphunzitso wakale, anadzakhala mbali ya chiphunzitso ambiri relativity. Izo zikhoza kuganiziridwa okha njira mwakuthupi zinthu kusunthira pa mtengo yunifolomu. Chiphunzitso ambiri angafotokoze chikuchitika ndichiyani ndi mofulumira zinthu, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani pali particles graviton ndi yokoka.

Ngati mukufuna kufotokoza lamulo ndi malamulo a zimango, komanso ubale wa malo ndi nthawi pamene tikuyandikira kuwala kumayendera - zimakhala chiphunzitso chapadera cha relativity. Mu mawu osavuta angafotokozedwe motere: Mwachitsanzo, anzanu a m'tsogolo atakufotokozerani m'mlengalenga kuti kuwuluka pa liwilo. Pa mphuno wa spacecraft ofunika mfuti, angathe photons kuwombera chirichonse chimene chimabwera patsogolo.

Pamene kuwombera ndi zipolopolo sitima wachibale particles kusuntha ndi mathamangidwe kuwala, koma nawatsimikizira n'kupuma amatsata ali kuona Uwerenge imathamanga awiri (photons okha chombo). Koma kanthu monga chonchi. Akuona adzaona photons, kusunthira pa liwiro la 300,000 km / m, ngati liwiro chombo chidafika ziro.

Chinthu ndi kuti kaya kudya kusunthira chinthu, kuwala kumayendera iye ndi kukula nthawi zonse.

neno ili ndi waukulu chidwi inferences monga kupotoza ndi deceleration nthawi, malingana ndi misa ndi mathamangidwe wa chinthu. Maziko a nkhani zambiri mafilimu zopeka sayansi ndi mndandanda TV.

General Chiphunzitsochi wa Relativity

Mawu osavuta zingathe kufotokozedwa ndi zambiri voluminous ambiri relativity. Kuyamba kuganizira mfundo yakuti malo athu anayi ooneka enieni. Nthawi ndi malo amaphatikizidwa mu "nkhani" monga "danga nthawi popitilira." Mu malo ichi, pali anayi ntchito nkhwangwa: ×, Y, z ndi T.

Koma anthu akhoza kumwedwa mwachindunji miyeso anayi, komanso Wonenedwa anthu mosabisa kudzakhala m'dziko ziwiri ooneka enieni, amalephera kuyang'ana mmwamba. Ndipotu, dziko lathu chabe ziyerekezo kwa malo anayi ooneka enieni.

Choona chidwi n'chakuti, malinga relativity ambiri, thupi sasintha pa anayambitsa. Akutsutsa anayi ooneka enieni dziko kwenikweni yofanana, ndipo pamene galimoto kusintha yekha zolosera zawo, zomwe timazindikira monga nthawi kukhota, kuchepetsa kapena kuwonjezeka kukula ndi zina zotero.

Kuyesera ndi pamalo

Pa chiphunzitso cha relativity m'njira yosavuta mungadziwire ndi pang'ono kuganiza kuyesera. Tayerekezerani kuti inuyo ndinu chikepicho. thandala anali anayambika, ndipo anali mu mkhalidwe weightlessness. Kodi chinachitika? zifukwa awiri: mwina pamalo ali mu danga kapena mu ufulu kugwa mchikakamizo yokoka pulanetiyo. Chinthu chidwi kwambiri kuti inu simungakhoze kupeza chifukwa cha weightlessness, ngati inu simungakhoze kuyang'ana kunja kwa Nyamulani ndi kanyumba, ndiyo njira ziwiri amaoneka mofanana.

Mwina amacheza ofanana ganizo kuyesera, Albert Einstein anazindikira kuti ngati zinthu ziwiri ndi osiyana wina ndi mzake, zikutanthauza kuti mfundo thupi mchikakamizo yokoka si mofulumira, ndiye kuti gulu kuti akuyesetsa mchikakamizo cha thupi chachikulu (mu nkhani iyi, lathuli ). Choncho, kayendedwe inapita - izi ndi chabe ziyerekezo wa yunifolomu zoyenda mu malo atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena.

phunziro

Chitsanzo china chabwino pa "Relativity Chiphunzitsochi kwa Dummies." Iye si zolondola kwathunthu, koma ndi lophweka ndi masomphenya. Ngati nsalu anatambasula kuika chinthu chilichonse, ndipamene ndi "kuchimwa", "nyuzi". thupi onse ang'onoang'ono Adzakakamizika kupotoza njira yodutsamo malinga kupindika watsopano malo, ndipo ngati m'thupi mphamvu pang'ono, ambirife sangathe kugonjetsa nyuzi ino. Komabe, kuchokera amazionera a chinthu mukusuntha, njira yodutsamo ndi mzere woongoka, iwo samaona ndi kupinda m'mlengalenga.

Yokoka ndi "demoted"

Mkubwela kwa relativity ambiri, yokoka salinso mphamvu ndipo tsopano kukhuta ndi udindo chifukwa yosavuta wa kupindika kwa malo ndi nthawi. GRT zingaoneke wosangalatsa, koma Baibulo ntchito ndipo anatsimikizira kuyesa.

A zambiri zinthu zooneka zosaneneka m'dziko lathu akhoza kufotokoza chiphunzitso cha relativity. Mawu osavuta zinthu izi otchedwa zotsatira za relativity ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kuwala kuwala, zouluka pa mtunda waufupi kwa matupi chachikulu, ndi yokhota kumapeto. Komanso, zinthu zambiri danga kwambiri zibisika wina ndi mzake, koma chifukwa chakuti kuwala kuwala kupinda padziko matupi zina, maso athu (kapena kani, maso zakutali) zilipo, mwakuwoneka wosaoneka zinthu. Ndi zonse mofanana, kuyang'ana mwa makoma.

Kwakukulu yokoka, otaya pang'onopang'ono pamwamba pa nthawi chinthu. Izi ntchito osati matupi yaikulu monga nyenyezi nyutironi kapena mabowo wakuda. Zotsatira za nthawi dilation zingaoneke ngakhale mu dziko. Mwachitsanzo, zipangizo Kanema navigation okonzeka ndi yeniyeni atomiki koloko. Iwo ali mu kanjira wa dzikoli, ndipo pamene pali ikugunda chopita pang'ono mofulumira. Hundredths wa yachiwiri Patapita tsiku chidzasintha mu chithunzi, amene adzakupatsani 10 Km kulakwitsa mu mawerengedwe a njira mu dziko. Kuwerengetsa zolakwa za akuzilola chiphunzitso cha relativity.

Mawu osavuta tingasonyezere monga: onse relativity ndi maziko a umisiri ambiri masiku ano, chifukwa Einstein, tikhoza kupeza mu sankadziwa m'dera pitsa makeke ndi laibulale.