Tinthu kukula kufalitsa nthaka. Gawo ndi njira kudziwa tinthu kukula yogawa

Mu mndandanda wa ntchito geodetic zina anapeza utumikiwu, monga mtima wa zikuchokera nthaka. Ndondomeko anachita kuti apeze nkhani zili particles mu nthaka pa malo makamaka. Ntchito yomanga tanthauzo la zikuchokera ndi infrequent, koma ulimi, ndi miyala ndi kufufuza zinthu kuchita popanda izo. M'menemo zikuchokera granulometric njira zosiyana titsimikize. Posankha mmodzi wa iwo zimadalira zosiyanasiyana zinthu ndi zinthu.

General zokhudza tinthu kukula yogawa

Mu yogawa tinthu kukula amatanthauza kupezeka kwa zinthu mwamwambo m'nthaka. Komanso, mu nkhani iyi nthaka akhoza ankaona ngati chikhazikitso ambiri dothi, zimene angakhalenso yokumba. Koma particles, akhale ndi makhalidwe osiyana ndi magwero ake. Komanso, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya woipa wa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, ndi tinthu kukula yogawa mchenga adzakhala ena yunifolomu pati, ngakhale mwa mawu ochititsa nusu ena particles. Akatswiri amanena kuti kukula osachepera zinthu okhoza kuti azindikire ankachita luso kusanthula ndi 0,001 okha mm.

Malinga ndi GOST allocated asanu maudindo tuzigawo twa -. Kodi chomwecho mchenga particles blocky, miyala, dongo, etc. Aliyense kachigawo ali osati osiyanasiyana zamitundu, komanso anachokera ku zinthu. Sitiyenela kuganiza kuti yekha okhutira ndi tinthu zabwino yodziwika ndi kugawa tinthu kukula. GOST 12536-79 owerengedwa ananenanso kuti pazipita kukula nusu, amene ankaona ngati mbali ya nthaka, ufikira 200 mm. Izi ndi zinthu makamaka changati chimwalacho ukhoza miyeso zikuluzikulu. Kachigawo kwambiri zabwino dongo, ngakhale chithunzi ichi chifukwa akhoza kupikisana ndi mchenga.

Gulu la kukula yogawa tinthu

Kuwonjezera panopa mmene anawasiyanitsira fractional nthaka, pali mfundo zina za gulu. Mmodzi wa iwo amapereka kugawikana pa maziko a zizindikiro za zili particles dothi. Pankhaniyi komanso amaganizira chikhalidwe cha nthaka wapezeka lalikulu nusu. An gulu zina ndi kudziwa mtundu wa zinthu zikuchokera kudzera pamaso pa mchenga, fumbi ndi dongo lomwelo. Kuti, mwa njira inayake tinthu kukula yogawa kudzayesedwa mfundo kuphatikiza ndi ulaliki Integrated zambiri zokhudza zinthu m'gulu m'menemo. Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti chifukwa cha kufanana pakati pa njira ziwiri kuti gulu la formulations m'malo ovuta kusiyanitsa iwo mu ntchito.

njira Direct kuti tipeze zikuchokera

Pali njira ziwiri mwapadera pofotokoza gulu la makina zikuchokera nthaka. Mmodzi wa iwo - mozungulira ndi umalimbana akudzizindikiritsa Pantchito za nthaka dera, ndi ena ndi njira yolunjika gawo lagona pa kusanthula zipangizo luso. Makamaka, gulu la njira mwachindunji akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zida wapadera zipangizo ndi Chalk, moti kudziwa magawo a particles ndi lobes mkulu molondola. Makamaka, zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi microscopes pakompyuta ndi kuwala kuti litsatira kuphunzira micrometric. The njira mwachindunji umathandiza yeniyeni tinthu kukula kufalitsa nthaka Komabe, chifukwa zonse zimene bungwe luso ndondomeko ndi kukwera mtengo sikawirikawiri ntchito.

njira sitipereka kuti tipeze zikuchokera

Gulu la njira kudziŵa zikuchokera zambiri monga njira kuti nkhanizi ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana mu kapangidwe ka osakaniza mayeso. Kwenikweni, angathe kuonedwa ndi ubale pakati pa miyambo ya osiyanasiyana, koma ndi yoyesa ankaganiza zambiri. Kuti, poyerekeza, atengedwa mu nkhani ndi makhalidwe ena nthaka, kuphatikizapo chinyezi, katundu wa kuyimitsidwa, mphamvu ya mafunsidwe ndi T. D. sitipereka njira kudziwa yogawa kukula ndi zimatanthauzanso kuwala kudziwika njira makhalidwe hydrometric thupi. Komanso, umisiri watsopano kulola ntchito mawerengeredwe ndi sedimentation achilengedwe. Ngati ife tikufanizira malo ndi kusanthula njira yolunjika, kuti sangathe ake ndi otsika molondola. Choncho, ngati mukufuna kupanga kafukufuku wina nthawi pamalo makamaka, ndi bwino kukhala koma m'mbali njira. Koma zikuluzikulu ndi ntchito zonse chuma zifukwa okha njira yokha mozungulira.

hydrometric njira

Izi ndi apadera kwambiri, ngakhale otchuka njira, ozikidwa pa mfundo za madzimadzi ena. Kwenikweni, iwo ntchito ntchito mu kusanthula hydrometer chida. Chimodzimodzi ntchito mfundo malinga ndi lamulo kuti buku la madzimadzi osamukira adzakhala ofanana kulemera mmalo thupi latsopano. Only mu nkhani ya mchitidwe wa hydrometric luso tinthu kukula kufalitsa nthaka anatsimikiza mwa slurry anasonkhana. Makamaka, katswiri monga mwa kumiza wa particles zopatuka deta cheke analandira kale. Mwachibadwa, kudzipenda moteromo imagwiridwa serially, komwe pa nkhani iliyonse ntchito ikuchitika pa tanthauzo la makhalidwe Audio - osalimba. Kachiwiri, potengera ubale wa particles ndi zikhalidwe za kukhala kwawo m'nthaka Choncho n'zotheka kudziwa zikuchokera fractional ndi makina.

pipette njira

Pankhaniyi amagwiranso ntchito chilengedwe madzi kulola kusiyanitsa particles munthu wa makhalidwe. Mark chitsanzo anali kumizidwa m'madzi, kenako amodzi mlingo dontho maelementi. Patapita nthawi ina ya nthawi, kusanthula amaliza ndi tinthu anakakhala achotsedwa. The chitsanzo ndiye zouma, ndi kuyeza, lipoti zotsatira mayeso. Monga ulamuliro, mtima wa yogawa tinthu kukula mwa njira imeneyi ntchito mu kusanthula dothi dongo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kwambiri kuti particles ali pansi chotero kachigawo abwino amene akhoza kusanthula ndi mlingo zochitika pa TV madzi.

Rutkowski njira

Ngati onse mozungulira kusanthula njira zikuchokera, njira imeneyi si wolondola kwambiri ndi kupereka chithunzithunzi cha unyinji ali selo mayeso. Mfundo kudziŵa makhalidwe a particles Rutkowski njira yochokera magawo awiri. Kwenikweni ndi chimodzimodzi chinthu kugwa mathamangidwe sing'anga madzi. Koma mu nkhani iyi, ubale unkagwiritsidwa si mofulumira kapena magwero a particles, ndi nkhani ya okamba kumiza kukula. The chizindikiro chachiwiri, amene amalola kudziwa kukula yogawa wa nthaka ndi njira imeneyi zinachokera pa luso particles kuti pathupi mofanana amadzimadzi sing'anga. Mu gawo ili la kuwunika amadziŵika ndi thupi katundu ndi mankhwala penapake misa.

sieve njira

Ichi ndi limodzi mwa mabuku akale ndi ambiri njira kudziŵa zikuchokera nthaka. Bukuli lili pa ntchito kukukhala wapadera wa tuzigawo twa sieve amene anapambana yofanana ndi particles Sizilowana ndi magawo akuluakulu. Njira zosavuta ndi angakwanitse ntchito, kotero kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito zomangamanga, pamene palibe kuthekera kulinganiza njira zovuta za kusanthula zina. Komabe, mayeso zikuchokera mwa chophimba sangathe motsimikiza chifukwa cha njira yolunjika. Komabe, kusanthula zimenezi salola kudziwa Mwachitsanzo, kukula kufalitsa mitundu ndi digiri womwewo wa lolondola NDIDZAKHALA kuphunzira micrometric. Komabe, yolondola adzakhala kwakukulukulu kudalira pa kusanthula chida - kutanthauza ya sieves. Pali mitundu iwiri ya zipangizo deta. Mmodzi wa iwo lolunjika pa ntchito ndi sieving popanda kusamba. Pankhaniyi, maselo ndi kukula kwa mamilimita 0.5 10. gulu lina akuimira sieve kachigawo ndi mavesi mu mamilimita 0.1 10.

Monga tinthu kukula yogawa bwanji zomera?

Ndipo tuzigawo twa ndi ulaliki wa mchere osiyana bwanji katundu agro-luso nthaka. Makamaka, zikuchokera angaone nthaka chilengedwe madzi mpweya, chizolowezi chake kuti njira kukokoloka, loitanirana, kachulukidwe, kwachilengedwenso katundu mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, mchenga ndi dongo dothi chifukwa kufooka mwa mawu a mpweya zachilengedwe ndi chinyezi kuwombola. Izi chimawononga zomera kwambiri - makamaka wamkulu mu nthaka yazaulimi, kumene wosanjikiza lachonde nawonso amakhudza chikhalidwe cha kulima. Koma tinthu kukula yogawa ndi zofunika kwa zomera si kwambiri mwa mawu a kapangidwe ndi osalimba, ngati zili zinthu zothandiza. Nthawi zina kukhalapo ya magnesium phosphorous, ndi mchere palokha limapereka mulingo woyenera zakudya wosanjikiza m'munsi, ndi kuchotsa kufunika apange feteleza zina.

Pomaliza

Chitsanzo cha njira zamakono kuti kusanthula nthaka kuti uzigawidwa tinthu kukula akusonyeza mmene atsopano chingwe zipangizo njira sanali mpikisano kafukufuku musanagwiritse ntchito malamulo mlandu ndi pulayimale malamulo. Ndithudi, sitingathe kunena kuti mtima wa yogawa tinthu kukula kwa nthaka mwa kusanthula micrometric wotaya njira mozungulira mu ntchito khalidwe ntchito. Koma mawu a zothandiza ndi gulu lachiwiri mtima kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mfundo pogwiritsa ntchito hardware mkulu-mwatsatanetsatane si zimafika. The njira kwambiri zingamuthandize chabe amafuna kuphatikiza mfundo ziwiri za kafukufuku.