BPH - ndichiyani? Zizindikiro, mankhwala otchedwa benign prostatic hyperplasia

Mankhwala amakono kaŵirikaŵiri ntchito achidule, si kuchotsa anthu ambiri popanda uchi. maphunziro. Mmodzi mwa anthu amenewo zosokoneza achidule - BPH. Ndi chiyani icho? Kulankhula chilankhulo cha madokotala, izo - chosaopsa Prostatic hyperplasia. Koma anthu kuzitcha izo chosavuta - BPH (ndi zosinthika "adenoma Prostate England"). BPH kawirikawiri kusokonezedwa ndi matenda monga prostatitis. BPH - ndi mtima wabwino, ndipo ikukula popanda nkhani ya stromal zikuluzikulu za prostate (mwa kulankhula kwina - glandular epithelium), ndipo prostatitis - osati kuti zina, monga kutukusira kwa prostate. Iwo sayenera kusokonezedwa.

BPH. Ndi chiyani icho? ziwerengero

Monga tanena BPH - chosaopsa chotupa. Ngati prostate (chidule kuti ambiri Prostate) anapanga tinatake tozungulira yaing'ono kuti ndi kuwonjezeka kunadetsa compress mkodzo.

Chifukwa cha zimenezi, amuna kuoneka matenda pokodza. Matenda ali ndi kukula mtima wabwino ndipo izi n'zimene chimasiyanitsa otchedwa benign prostatic hyperplasia khansa.

BPH - mmodzi wa matenda ambiri mu urology lero. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, zikuoneka pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya anthu mu ukalamba. Mu 20 peresenti milandu, m'malo BPH Prostate manja kapena kuwonjezeka.

matenda BPH nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu amuna zaka zoposa 45 zaka.

Anthu oposa theka la anthu kuchokera anatembenukira 40 50 wazaka kuti katswiri ndi matenda, ndipo okha nthawi zina, matenda lidzakudzidzimutseni achinyamata.

Zimayambitsa BPH

Pakali pano, zimayambitsa enieni a Prostate BPH sangathe anasonyeza, ngati iwo si bwino. Akukhulupirira kuti matenda ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za kusintha anthu.

The mfundo zoopsa wokha ndiwo mlingo wa androgens mu magazi ndi m'badwo wa munthu.

Kawirikawiri ndi m'badwo amuna pang'onopang'ono vutoli pakati esitirojeni ndi androgen, kuchititsa chisokonezo kukula kulamulira ndi ntchito ya maselo a khansa.

Amadziwika kuti pakati BPH ndi Prostate anthu kugonana, lathu, zizolowezi, venereal ndi yotupa asamuka ZPO palibe kugwirizana, ndipo palibe pa sikumangotikhudza maonekedwe a matenda.

pathogenesis

BPH Prostate umatchulidwatchulidwa chigawo chapakati cha izo, koma nthawi zina mukhoza analanda ndi lobes lateral. Growth chosaopsa adenomatous hyperplasia amadalira kuchuluka (chotupa) zopangitsa paraurethral. Choncho mwini m'mawere minofu ndi osamukira outwards, ndipo anapanga kuzungulira adenoma kukula ngati kapisozi kwa izo.

Hyperplastic (i.e. kachilombo chotupa) ya maselo a prostate minofu amakonda kukula mu njira ya rectum ndi chikhodzodzo, ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa m'mwamba kusamutsidwa kwa dzenje lamkati la chikhodzodzo ndi kutalikitsa mbali kumbuyo kwa mkodzo ndi.

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana za hyperplasia pa mtundu wa kukula:

• Podpuzyrnaya mawonekedwe a BPH. Ndi chiyani icho? Mu matenda, chotupacho limakula kwa rectum.
• Intravesical mawonekedwe a BPH. Mbiri ya matenda amakhala ndi kukula chotupa kuti chikhodzodzo.
• Retrotrigonalnaya mawonekedwe a BPH. Chotupa mu nkhani iyi ili mwachindunji m'munsimu chikhodzodzo makona anthu.

Nthawi zambiri mitundu yambiri ya BPH Tingaone mwa munthu mmodzi pa nthawi. Izi zimachitika pamene chotupa limakula malangizo angapo nthawi imodzi.

BPH Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi mwachindunji amadalira chotupa kutanthauzira, kwa kukula ndi kukula, komanso kuchuluka kwa kukanika kwa chikhodzodzo.

BPH Prostate akhoza kugawidwa mu magawo atatu:

• Kulipidwa, kapena gawo loyamba. Izi mawonekedwe a matenda akuwonetseredwa kuchedwa kuyamba kwa pokodza (kawirikawiri adzafune achabe, makamaka usiku - mutu Zokhudzana). Mu BPH 1 digiri Prostate umachuluka kukula, iwo plotnoelasticheskuyu kugwirizana. malire ake bwino lomwe limasonyeza, ndi palpation ambiri a prostate (ndi mzere wake apakatikati) sabweretsa chisoni. Apa wa matenda a m'chikhodzodzo mkodzo bwino kwambiri konse, ndipo palibe mkodzo yotsalira. BPH 1 digiri ukhoza kwa wina ndi atatu.
• Subcompensated kapena gawo lachiwiri. Monga chotupa izo chikupitiriza akakufinyani ya mkodzo ndi chikhodzodzo ndi sanathenso liziyenda bwino ndi kwathunthu anadzikhuthula (mpanda wake ndi thicken). Chifukwa cha BPH madigiri 2 yotsalira mkodzo zikuoneka, chifukwa chimene wodwala akumva chosakwanira Ndikudzikhuthula kwa chikhodzodzo. Chifukwa psinjika a mkodzo, ndi odwala kukodza mu chakudya chochepa, ndipo patapita kanthawi mkodzo ndipo amachita mosadziwa ayamba kuoneka (chifukwa cha izi ndi chikhodzodzo zonse). BPH madigiri 2 Nthawi zina limodzi ndi zizindikiro za kulephera aakulu aimpso (kukula pa maziko ake).
• Mphumu kapena gawo lachitatu. Chikhodzodzo kwambiri anatambasula chifukwa mkodzo yotsalira, mkodzo akadali wothinikizidwa ndi mkodzo adzamasulidwa kwenikweni dropwise, nthawi zina wothira magazi. Pamenepo BPH siteji kumatanthauza kulephera aimpso (aimpso insufficiency). Palinso kufooka, aakulu kuwonda, chilakolako osauka, kudzimbidwa, kuchepa magazi, pakamwa youma.

matenda a matenda

Maziko matenda zikusonyeza madandaulo a akazi, amene wapadera lonse BPH chizindikiro zambiri (m'Chingerezi. I-PSS). Kwenikweni, matenda BPH anapangidwa pambuyo kufufuza matenda a mtima, ndi njira zimenezi wa kufufuza:

1. Palpation (chala) thumbo mosamala prostate. Uyamiko kwa Iye, madokotala ndi lingaliro la kukula ndi kugwirizana kwa prostate, cha kukhalapo barbs pakati pa magawo ake, komanso kuchuluka kwa mwachikondi kuti palpation.
2. Laboratory maphunziro a BPH. Ndi chiyani icho? Choyamba, ndi urinalysis bwino. Komanso, amuzolengedwa kusanthula magazi anagwira kudzera zomwe kudziwa PSA milingo (amayimira Prostate Antigen zenizeni).
3. njira malangizo. Nthawi zambiri ndi cystoscopy ndi ureteroscopy. Ndi thandizo lawo, mungawerenge patency ya mkodzo ndi boma gawo la Prostate ndi chikhodzodzo khosi. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi n'zotheka kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mkodzo yotsalira.
4. Ultrasound bwino. Ndi mmodzi wa mitundu ya njira malangizo, kulola kuwona kukula kwa aliyense gawo la prostate, udindo wake (pamaso pa miyala, tinatake tozungulira). Kuwonjezera ochiritsira TRUS ultrasound ntchito ali (transrectal).
5. X-ray njira. Excretory urography (ndi kusiyana) ndi radiography chigwa (popanda Mosiyana) angakuthandizeni kudziwa pamaso pa mavuto BPH amene chithandizo linayambika. Mothandizidwa ndi X-ray ndi miyala mu chikhodzodzo ndi impso.

BPH chithandizo

Panopa, pali njira zambiri zochizira matenda, omwe amakhala ogwira pamisinkhu yosiyanasiyana ya BPH. Chithandizo cha matenda akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• Medical njira ya chithandizo
• mankhwala Kugwira ntchito
• Ena omwe si ntchito mankhwala

mankhwala kawirikawiri ntchito zizindikiro loyamba BPH.

Mu magawo oyambirira a Prostate BPH chithandizo umalimbana kuchepetsa hyperplastic kukula kugunda Prostate minofu, bwino kufalitsidwa mu ziwalo pafupi, kuchepetsa kutupa prostate ndi chikhodzodzo mkodzo Kupha stagnation, kuchotsa kudzimbidwa, zomwe pokodza.

Kuwonjezera pa ntchito mankhwala wodwala bwino kutsatira khalidwe m'manja, kusiya mowa ndi zoipa (kwambiri aliwonse, zokometsera, zokometsera) chakudya, kusuta.

Tiyeneranso kuchepetsa kadyedwe madzimadzi mu theka lachiwiri la tsiku, makamaka pamaso yogona.

Pamaso pa zizindikiro matenda ndi zasayansi ya akusowa androgen amadziwikanso kutumikiridwa androgen m'malo mankhwala.

Kawirikawiri limodzi ndi mankhwala a hyperplasia ndi mankhwala a mavuto ake - cystitis, prostatitis ndi pyelonephritis.

Nthawi zina (mu maziko a hypothermia kapena mowa), wodwala angathe pachimake mkodzo posungira. Pankhaniyi, wodwala ayenera m'chipatala nthawi yomweyo ndi kuchita chikhodzodzo catheterization.

Tiyeni tione mtundu uliwonse wa chithandizo.

mankhwala

Nthawi zambiri, mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala ntchito pochiza BPH:

• Alpha-1-adrenergic blockers (mwachitsanzo, tamsulosin, doxazosin kapena terazosin). zochita zawo umalimbana zosangalatsa a minofu yosalala ya prostate ndi chikhodzodzo khosi, imbaenda ku zokambirana za ndime ya mkodzo. Mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe yaitali kapena lalifupi.
• Zoletsa (blockers) a 5-alpha-reductase (permikson, finasteride kapena dutasteride). Mankhwalawa musalole dihydrotestosterone (biologically yogwira mawonekedwe a testosterone) kupangidwa mu thupi la wodwalayo, potero kucheperachepera ku prostate.

mankhwala Kugwira ntchito

Zikavuta, ndi mankhwala umodzi sangakhoze kuchita, ndipo, monga ulamuliro, ndi amachita opaleshoni. Izi zikhoza kukhala hyperplastic minofu excision (prostatectomy) kapena okwana resection a prostate (prostatectomy).

Pali mitundu iwiri ya opaleshoni:

• Open opaleshoni (transvezikalnaya prostatectomy). Amenewa alowererepo mwayi bere minofu analandira khoma chikhodzodzo. Mtundu uwu wa zoopsa kwambiri, ndipo okhawo milandu patsogolo. Open opaleshoni amapereka mankhwala wathunthu wa BPH.
• Asang'ambe opaleshoni (limene pali pafupifupi palibe alowererepo opaleshoni). Ikuchitika ndi thandizo la sayansi yamakono kanema endoscope, popanda ang'ambe thupilo ndi. Mabwinja prostate kudzera mkodzo ndi.

Pali mtundu wina wa opaleshoni kuti sizingafanane ndi pamwamba. Embolization Prostate mitsempha - opareshoni yomwe ikuchitika endovascular opaleshoni (anagwira urologists pamwamba) ndi yatsekera mitsempha Prostate particles ang'onoang'ono wapadera mankhwala polima (kudzera mtsempha wamagazi ndi femoral). M'chipatala si chofunika, opaleshoni imagwiridwa pansi mankhwala oletsa ululu pamalopo ndipo si zoopsa.

Pambuyo mtundu uliwonse wa opaleshoni, pali chiopsezo ka mavuto, monga mwachitsanzo mkodzo incontinence, kusabala, kapena urethral stricture.

chithandizo Non-ntchito

njira monga si ntchito mankhwala ali motere:

- cryosurgery;

- transurethral singano ablation;

- mankhwala mwamphamvu mkulu lolunjika ultrasound;

- njira ya mayikirowevu matenthedwe mankhwala a Prostate kapena coagulation;

- kumayambiriro stents Prostatic kuchepetsa m'chigawo;

- zibaluni dilatation a prostate.

Nthawi postoperative

Kalanga, basi ayenera opaleshoni ena magawo a matenda. BPH - matenda aakulu, ndipo ngakhale pambuyo opaleshoni muyenera kutsatira malamulo kuchotsa matenda ndi kuti imautsa kukonzanso zikamera. Mfundo zitatu zikuluzikulu zimene muyenera kusunga ntchito zotsatirazi - zakudya zolondola, moyo wathanzi ndi kuyendera dokotala.

zakudya mu nthawi postoperative n'kofunika kwa wodwalayo, chifukwa akhoza kwambiri zimathandiza kuti ayambe mofulumira. Zakudya pambuyo opaleshoni kumatha zakudya mafuta, zokometsera, mchere ndi zokometsera chakudya, ndipo, ndithudi, mowa. Ndi bwino kudya otsika-mafuta zakudya wolemera CHIKWANGWANI.

Monga ntchito, ngati ntchito yanu sizikutanthauza kawirikawiri katundu thupi, kenako nkubwerera ku kuntchito akhoza kukhala masabata pambuyo ntchito. Pamene amangokhala ntchito iliyonse theka la ora zochangamutsa analimbikitsa. Moyo wongokhala angathandize kuti stagnation magazi mu ziwalo, kuchititsa matenda yekha kulimbikitsa. Woyamba masiku angapo pambuyo opaleshoni Kodi n'komwe za zitsulo!

Pewani fodya osachepera m'nthawi postoperative (masabata awiri pambuyo opaleshoni ya), ngati simungathe kusiya zizolowezi kwathunthu. Chikonga imakhudzana ndi mitsempha, ndipo izi zimakhudza makope prostate, umene ndi ndondomeko yotupa angagwe.

Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti pambuyo kuchotsa BPH ayenera kuyiwala za moyo kugonana. Zimenezi ndi zoona ndipo ntchito wamwamuna kugonana kwathunthu kwawo atatha nthawi zina. Komabe, kuyambiranso kugonana sayenera kale kuposa 4 masabata pambuyo opaleshoni.

chidutswa china cha malangizo amene ali ofunika powasamalira: apite kumbuyo gudumu la galimoto sitingakayikire kale kuposa mwezi umodzi pambuyo kuchotsa BPH.

Nthawi zambiri, nthawi pambuyo ntchito kumatenga mwezi umodzi, kenako kuleza mtima ndi kubwerera ku moyo bwino. Komabe, akatswiri mwamphamvu amalangiza moyo wathanzi kuteteza kukonzanso zikamera wa matenda.

Pokodza pambuyo opaleshoni

Nthawi yomweyo pambuyo ntchito mkodzo mtsinje umakhala wolimba ndi Ndikudzikhuthula kwa chikhodzodzo ndi kosavuta. Pambuyo kuchotsa catheter ndi kumachitika pamene ululu pamene akukodza, chifukwa cha ichi - Ndime ya mkodzo bala opaleshoni.

Akatswiri musati kukusalani pakutchulidwa wa incontinence mkodzo kapena mwamsanga kukodza nthawi postoperative, zinthuzo ndi n'kwachibadwa. The wamphamvu inu mukusautsika ndi zizindikiro pa matenda, yaitali nthawi kuchira wanu. Mavuto onse idzapita ndi udzabwerera kayendedwe zimachitika pa moyo.

Patapita nthawi alowererepo mu mkodzo mwina magazi kuundana. zodabwitsazi amagwirizana ndi machiritso chilonda. Ndi bwino kumwa madzimadzi mochuluka bwino muzimutsuka chikhodzodzo. Koma magazi katundu yomweyo adziwona katswiri.

Zoneneratu

Wopitiriza mkodzo posungira (ngati mankhwala a BPH si anachita), kenako akhoza kuchititsa miyala impso, imene miyala chikhodzodzo anapanga, ndipo nthenda ina. The Vuto lalikulu kwambiri kuti akhoza kuyembekezera mtima popanda mankhwalawa - pyelonephritis. matenda imeneyi kukuwonjezera kulephera aimpso.

Komanso, Prostate adenoma chimayambitsa chokupsya - khansa.

Zoneneratu ndi chithandizo chokwanira yake ya matenda ndi yabwino kwambiri.

Kupewa matenda

Kupewa yabwino BPH - ndi kuyang'aniridwa zonse ndi katswiri ndi chithandizo yake ya prostatitis.

Ndi ofunika kudya bwino (kuchepetsa wa yokazinga zakudya amchere, ndi zokometsera, zokometsera ndi kusuta), kusiya kusuta ndi mowa. Ambiri, moyo wathanzi kwambiri kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha BPH.

Kotero, tsopano inu mukudziwa zimene BPH. Zizindikiro za matenda, mankhwala, postoperative nthawi ndiponso kupewa anafotokoza pamwamba.

Mulimonsemo, nzeru imeneyi akhala akugwira. Khalani wathanzi!