Bonsai: bwanji kukula kwa mbewu. Kukula bonsai kuchokera paini, thundu, mapulo

Bonsai - mtengo ang'ono ndi thunthu ndi korona chodabwitsa. Mbiri yake umachokera ku Kale ku China, koma Japan bonsai kusanduka zomera chabe zachilendo pa luso pano. Lero, ndi mitengo okha, ndi njira kulima awo ndiwo amaimira mawu "bonsai". Kodi kukula chozizwitsa kunyumba? yaitali bwanji kuti wamba houseplant kapena mmera mtengo inasanduka chinthu kudzikonda zili za kukongola? Kodi kukula bonsai nyenyezi yaing'ono paini kapena yolimba? Pafupi zonse zimene chidwi mu luso limeneli Japanese, m'nkhani pansipa.

N'chifukwa chiyani anthu ambiri kusankha ndendende bonsai pakati pa mazana a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera?

maluwa potted akhoza kukongoletsa mkati uliwonse, kuwonjezera kuwala ndi kutsitsimuka. Komanso, zomera moyo kuyeretsa mpweya ndi kukhutitsa ndi oxygen. Aliyense amene amakonda maluwa, koma osati yaikulu m'dera unkatha makope lalikulu Kasungu, amasankha ndi bonsai. Kodi kukula izo nokha, chidwi okonda makamaka woona wa mbewu m'nyumba, chifukwa kumafunika nthawi ndi khama. Ngakhale mtundu umenewu ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono, koma mtengo, ndi Choncho, aumbike mwa nkhani zaka osati miyezi, monga maluwa zonse m'munda pawindo. Funso mmene kukula bonsai kwa mbewu, zakonzedwa angapo, kuyambira ntchitoyi kwambiri yolemetsa ndi kumafuna kuleza mtima. Pa nthawi yomweyo kusamalira mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono, kulenga korona chodabwitsa, pansi zokongoletsa - zonsezi apereka kusewera waukulu kwa malingaliro anu, kotero m'maganizo ndi chisangalalo ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa ochiritsira kulima mbewu m'nyumba. Choncho, kodi inu mwakonzeka? Kenako tidzayamba kupeza bwino luso la bonsai ndendende!

Kodi kusankha chomera kulenga bonsai?

Kodi kukula bonsai mtengo ngati inu m'pang'ono za inu simukudziwa? Kumene, muyenera kuyamba ndi kusankha zinthu kubzala. Nthawi zambiri, ndondomeko izi zimachitika mu nazale kapena kutentha. Pakati pa mitengo deciduous ndi coniferous kukula mu dera wathu, okondedwa mtheradi ndi mapulo ndi pine. Kupanga bonsai mwamsanga ndithu, koma mapeto mukumvetsa ambiri a "nyenyezi yaing'ono" mu miyambo yabwino Japanese. Mungayesere kukula mtengo kakang'ono ndi mitundu ina, imene:

• Lilac sukulu zosiyanasiyana;
• spirea;
• Saskatoon;
• chitumbuwa;
• spruce;
• apulo mtengo;
• mlombwa;
• larch;
• viburnum;
• cotoneaster;
• hawthorn;
• birch;
• barberry.

Ndipotu kulenga bonsai lenileni kuchokera pafupifupi mbewu iliyonse. Chinthu chachikulu kuti omasuka mu nyengo m'dera ndi bwino analekerera ndi kudulira pafupipafupi.

zosavuta kukula bonsai potted maluwa zomera. Akatswiri amalangiza kupereka mmalo bwino nthambi zosiyanasiyana ndi masamba ang'ono. Ndithudi inu kale ngati bonsai ficus Benjamin, mtengo khofi, mandimu kapena nkhuyu. Moipirapo izo lidzaonekera hibiscus, yobiriwira boxwood ndi mlombwa.

Ndipo mfundo kunena gawo ili la kukambirana bonsai: Sankhani zomera zimene mukufuna. Ntchito pa izo zikanakhala yaitali, ndipo zotsatira silingakhale waluntha, ngati mtengo kodi inu n'zovuta, fungo kapena ukufalikira.

Kodi kusankha mphika ndi dothi bonsai?

Kotero, inu mwasankha ndi anagula mmera umene mukufuna kuti akonze bonsai. Kodi kukula izo wamphamvu ndi wathanzi? Izo zonse akuyamba ndi masankhidwe a miphika ndi kubzala.

Mphika abwino kwa mitengo Japanese nyenyezi yaing'ono - chotengera ceramic, osati mwakuya kwambiri, awiri lalikulu, ofanana mbale. Ikani zikhale zotha kuonetsetsa kuti mizu ya bonsai ali adzatsekeredwa anaphimba.

Pankhaniyi, osafunika ntchito nthaka zomera wamba m'nyumba chifukwa kumakhudza kwambiri chinyezi, ndi mizu ya mbande akhoza kuvunda. Mu chikhalidwe, bonsai kukula mu mavuto, malo otsetsereka pamiyala, tigwiritsitse thanthwe pafupifupi adachitira umboni. Ndithudi, izi sizikutanthauza kuti zinthu za mtengo kunyumba ichokere miyala, koma khalidwe la nthaka ayenera kukhala pafupi ndi masoka. Pankhani ya ntchito yaikulu ya mphika bonsai ndi nthaka - kugwirizanitsa mbali mlengalenga wa mmera wa.

Kodi kudzala bonsai?

beseni ayenera obowoka ngalande. Izo analimbikitsanso kugona pansi pa gululi, kuti kuteteza leaching wa nthaka. Asanadzalemo mizu ya bonsai ndi nakonza kuti zomera pamodzi mu mphika. Thirani pamwamba pa gululi pang'ono dothi, ndiye ikani mtengo ndipo muvale mbali yaikulu ya waya ake mobisa, chikukonzekera kuti thanki kudzera m'maenje ngalande. Kumaliza kudzadza mphika ndi nthaka ndi madzi bonsai.

Onani kuti mitundu mtengo m'madera kotentha, chodzala m'chaka. Ngati mukufuna kuwasandutsa bonsai mbadwa ya kotentha, n'zotheka pa nthawi iliyonse pachaka.

Posamalira bonsai?

Kodi kukula bonsai kunyumba? Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kukhala ndi zina m'nyumba kuyatsa ndi kutentha zinthu, kulenga mulingo okwanira chinyezi ndi bungwe okwanira nthawi zonse. Tikumbukenso kuti bonsai ndi - ndi chikhalidwe sangathe nthawi zonse kukhala mu chipinda. Izo ziyenera kukhala zotheka nthawi kutumiza kokayenda: pa khonde, khonde kapena munda.

mitengo kuwala ayenera kwambiri, makamaka nyengo mitambo ndi yozizira, pamene tsiku ndi waufupi. Kuthetsa vuto kungathandize ntchito nyali fulorosenti.

Chinyezi padziko bonsai anakhalabe pa mlingo woyenera poonetsa lotsatira chidebe yaing'ono mphika wa madzi. N'zotheka bungwe tsiku mwachindunji kupopera wa kutsitsi bonsai. Kodi izi m'mawa mpaka madzulo masamba ndi nthawi kuti ziume.

zinthu Kutentha amasankhidwa payekha, malinga ndi mfundo zenizeni nkhuni. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ochokera mayiko a (khangaza, maolivi, mchisu neri Al.) Womasuka pa kutentha 7-15 ° C. bonsai otentha ayenera kutenthetsa - kuchokera 16 25 ° C.

Mitengo madzi pafupipafupi koma chakudya chochepa. Nthaka mu mphika inayenera kukhala lonyowa koma osati konyowa. Madzi kale decanted. Yabwino - ndi meltwater. Samalani kuti pamene kumwetsa wothira kakakulu lonse la nthaka mu mphika. Chilimwe "chakumwa" bonsai akhale zambiri monga iwo kukula mu nthawi ino kwambiri.

Kodi kukonzekera mbewu kwa mitengo kakang'ono?

Ngati muli ndi chidwi mmene kukula bonsai mbewu, ingokhalani okonzeka chifukwa chakuti nthawi zingafunike kwambiri, nthawi zina kuposa zaka 5. Kubzala chuma akhoza kugulidwa ku nazale, kuti Intaneti kapena ngakhale kusonkhanitsa nokha ku paki ina yapafupi.

mitengo otentha panopa ku mbewu boxwood, mchisu, glycine, ficus, yotakata - mumamera hornbeam, mapulo, Elm, birch, paini - mkungudza, paini, Oil, paini.

Kubzala zakuthupi Mitundu monga hawthorn, mlombwa, quince, Pamafunika kusunga pa mpumulo kwa miyezi 6-12. Mbewu anayikidwa mu chidebe cha mchenga yonyowa ndi kusiya malo ozizira. Tsogolo paini, spruce, Oil ndi mitengo M'malo mwake, izo bwino afesedwa yomweyo pambuyo yokolola.

Kotero, momwe kukula bonsai thundu kapena mbewu zina zimasokoneza? Asanalankhule chodzala iwo Zidamera mu madzi, Moss kapena vermiculite. Adaswa awo chipolopolo kuti asinthe kumera. Izo analimbikitsanso kuti achite fungicide mbewu chithandizo ndi nthaka yolera yotseketsa kuti mupewe majeremusi matenda.

Kodi ndi mmene kudzala Zidamera mbewu bonsai?

Pamene chodzala kutupikana chuma, kukonzekera miphika. Oyenera peat makapu kapena pulasitiki ambiri, wodzazidwa ndi peat ndi mchenga osakaniza (1: 1). nthaka tikaumbike, izo anaika mbewu, ndi pamwamba udzathiridwa coarse mchenga. Phimbani filimuyi chidebe kapena galasi kulenga zotsatira kutentha. Musaiwale kuyan'ana chinyezi chifukwa mini-teplichke.

Pamene mchenga zimaswa mphukira choyamba, bungwe asamafalitse zonse, ndipo pambuyo kuoneka masamba mbande akhoza usanayambe. Akafike chomera kutalika kwa 10 cm pulasitiki kapu m'malo mphika zonse. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mukhoza pang'onopang'ono kuyamba kuumba tsogolo la bonsai.

Kodi kukula bonsai ku cuttings?

Kwa amene akufuna kuphunzira mmene kukula bonsai pamene kupulumutsa nthawi, kufotokoza njira mapangidwe bonsai ku cuttings. Poyerekeza ndi njira mbewu, dziwani kuti ndondomeko adzakhala inapita patsogolo ndi pafupifupi chaka. Cuttings tadulidwa kuchokera mphukira wathanzi zake ndi mizu mu lachonde kapena mchenga yonyowa. Ngati mwasankha softwood, kuchita bwino mu April kapena oyambirira September. Kuti akonze cuttings kwa bonsai deciduous amalangiza June.

Zofunika: kukula mtengo wa timphukira odulidwa wa paini kapena mkungudza sizigwira ntchito. Ndipotu, ngati muli ndi chidwi mmene kukula bonsai mapulo kumezetsanitsa njira, mukudziwa mphukira wa mtundu uwu, komanso elms, barberry, hornbeam ndi zitsamba, amene ntchito mu mipanda, ndinazoloŵera bwino. Softwood muzu nthawi yaitali, nthawi zina kwa zaka. Nthawi yoyamba pambuyo rooting wa cuttings ayenera yang'anitsitsani: kupsya mtima, zonse madzi. Feteleza Sikuti kuti ngati okwanira kuchuluka kwa zakudya ndi mu nthaka lotseguka.

Kodi kupanga korona wa bonsai chiyani?

Pali masitaelo angapo bonsai. Kodi kukula mtengo paokha, kotero kuti izo zimakhala ngati izi "Japanese"? Choyamba, amatupitsa bonsai ayenera mawonekedwe conical. mitengo kuyang'ana kwambiri choyambirira amene nthambi kupanga kutchulidwa pazipita tiers yopingasa ndi unakhuthala masamba mu aliyense wa iwo. Onani kuti si wokongola kokha, komanso thanzi bonsai.

The kudulira woyamba ikuchitika yomweyo mutabzala, zomera wamng'ono. Musatisiye amoyo nthambi: m'pofunika kusiya okhawo amene zikugwirizanira silhouette wanu anatulukira wa bonsai m'tsogolo. Zingwe mphukira kuti mizu, kumulowetsa waya kapena kukoka katundu, mukhoza anapereka malangizo anakhumba kukula mtengo. Pa nthawi yomweyo inu redistribute mphamvu pakati pa nthambi mphamvu ndi ofooka.

Ambiri kudulira mokwanira ikuchitika pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo korona bonsai kusintha haircuts kuwakhululukira kwambiri. njira chimadalira osati pa zofuna zanu pankhani mawonekedwe a mitengo, komanso mtundu wa mbewu.

Amapanga okalamba bonsai

Kodi kukula bonsai mtengo kunyumba kwa patatha zaka 1-2, izo zinkawoneka ngati iye anali zaka zoposa khumi? Pali njira yapadera ya ukalamba. Nthawi zina pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni kapena waya cutters kuti bonsai thunthu kuchotsedwa mbali ya kotekisi lapansi. Kuleza mtima ndi ena kudziwa ongolankhula, mungathe unagawanika mtengo kapena kuti dzenje. Ngati mukufuna kusiya sprig wa amoyo, sakhoza atasiyidwa popanda makungwa ake. Pitirizani osachepera Mzere woonda kuti adzapereka chakudya kwa thunthu kwa ndege pamwamba. nthambi akufa akhoza sostarivayut azitengapo, ntchito wodula zapadera nkhuni. Adachitira thunthu zina papezeka kapena M'malo mwake, ndi nsaluzi zinkangokhala.

Mlombwa, paini ndi spruce bwino zingawathandize zimenezi, chifukwa nkhuni awo lili zinthu mwapadera kuti kuteteza chitukuko cha nkhungu zowola.

mawu angapo kwa mafani woona wa bonsai: Zomera ndi khungwa pochotsa amatchedwa "sharimiki" ndi kugawikana thunthu - "sabamiki".

mpweya layering

Air layering zofunika kusintha mawonekedwe a bonsai Mwachitsanzo, ngati thunthu ndi aatali kwambiri.

Kuti Timitengo, pa thunthu la zomera deciduous pa mlingo lamanja kupanga ang'ambe thupilo zozungulira ndi kuchotsa Mzere makungwa. Kodi kukula bonsai ku mitengo ya paini ntchito njira imeneyi? Ndi conifers ntchito pang'ono mosiyana: kuthawa womangidwa ndi waya kuti anaonekera bala, ndiyeno moisten stimulator tichotseretu. The kuwonongeka chifukwa milandu onse sphagnum wokutidwa chonyowa ndi kuteteza casing maukonde udzudzu wodzazidwa ndi lachonde. Agwire njirayi ndi bwino mu kasupe.

Kuwulula chivundikiro yophukira (conifer bonsai - chaka chotsatira). Pamalo a odulidwa kuoneka mizu achinyamata. Ndiyeno kudikira mpaka mizu musati kukula ndi mphamvu. nthawi yonseyi, iwo ayenera kupitiriza kukhala ikayamba.

Mukakhala kuwona kuti mizu ndi wokonzeka kuonetsetsa kuti kundipatsako kwa zakudya bonsai nthaka, kuchotsa chivundikiro, kudula chomera basi pansipa cuttings ndi kuika mu chidebe latsopano.

Kumene, msangani uwu luso Japanese mitengo nyenyezi yaing'ono ndi kukula wawo uli kutali wathunthu. Ngati mwaganiza kulenga choyambirira anu bonsai, muyenera kuphunzira zambiri za kwambiri. Komabe, ziribe kanthu chimene mtundu wa matabwa ndi kalembedwe musankhe, kumbukirani kuti mu nkhani iyi chinthu chachikulu - kuleza mtima, chisamaliro, chithandizo ndi ... malingaliro anu!