Boma maphunziro Old Russian

Ofufuza ena, mapangidwe boma wakale Russian anali chifukwa cha kaphatikizidwe East mafuko Asilavo. Komabe, panali mikangano pakati azambiriyakale ambiri pa mapangidwe mphamvu. Ichi ndi chifukwa anayambitsa zaka 200 zapitazo, otchedwa "Norman chiphunzitso".

The mbiri yakale ya chaka 862 amatchedwa kuti nthawi ntchito akalonga Varangian ndi lalikulu pa iwo Rurik m'mayiko Asilavo. Kufunika zayamba chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ndewu mkati. Anthu okhala ku Scandinavia (Prince-Scandinavia) ankadziwikanso ena amanena "anthu kumpoto" - pa Normandy.

Zokambirana za ntchito yawo anayamba m'nthawi ya 18 utayambika Academy of Sciences ndi kusintha kwa Peter 1. Pa nthawi imeneyo, kukatumikira ku St. Petersburg Academy of Schletzer, Miller ndi Bayer anayambitsa mfundo za mmene maphunziro anali Old Russian boma. "Norman chiphunzitso" akusonyeza kuti boma anabweretsa Scandinavians. Choncho, mphamvu si anapanga ndi Asilavo, ndi akalonga, Scandinavia. Pa nthawi yomweyo anayamba kufalitsa, ndipo winayo, "antinormannskoe kopanda." oyambitsa ake, Lomonosov ndi Trediakovskii ankanena kuti mapangidwe boma wakale Russian ndi ngongole kwa Asilavo.

Mu digiri ina, ambiri a mbiri yakale m'zaka za m'ma 19 anali Gululi nkhambakamwa za mapangidwe a Scandinavia mphamvu. Komabe, sayansi mbiri ya 20th Century Norman chiphunzitso pansi kutsutsa kwambiri. Chifukwa, lero ambiri asayansi komanso ofufuza za mbiri sindikukana chikoka ena Normandy mu mapangidwe a statehood Russian, koma mmene zochita izi si kukokomeza.

Mu mafuko East Asilavo, atsogoleri wotchedwa Prince. Pedigree a mafumu ndi akalonga a boma kunachitidwa ndi Scandinavia Prince Rurik a.

Atamwalira Rurik, Kalonga wa Novgorod, ndi Scandinavia anafika Dnieper. Woyamba akulamulira Russia wakale anali Oleg. Tipitirize mudziwe ake ovomerezeka. Oleg anayamba kugwirizanitsa mayiko a mafuko Asilavo. Mu 882, anagwira Kyiv, anapha analamulira kumeneko Askold ndi Dir. Kupanga mzinda likulu, Oleg anamutcha iye "mayi wa mizinda ya ku Russia." Motero, mapangidwe Old Russian boma Kievan Lazaro.

Mu ulamuliro wa Oleg ndinali nkhondo zabwino ndi Byzantium amphamvu kawiri anapita kokayenda kwa Constantinople. Chifukwa cha ntchito iyi mu zaka 907 ndi 911 Russia walowa mu mapangano yabwino mtendere.

Old Russian boma mapangidwe anapitirizabe pambuyo Oleg anasiyira ndi Igor. Malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena, iye anali mwana wa Rurik. Mu ulamuliro wa Igor anapitiriza kulolerana wa Kievan Lazaro formations osiyana mafuko. Kotero, iye anali ofunika kwambiri kubadwa kwa midzi Russian pa chilumba cha Taman, anagonjetsa milandu. Komanso, Igor mwakhama kwambiri anapitiriza mfundo yachilendo ya Oleg. Pambuyo pa nkhondo yolimbana Byzantium iye walemba mu 944 pangano ndi matanthauzo opindulitsa. Munthu woyamba Prince Igor inawombana ndi wowerengeka gulu Turkey - Pechenegs.

Mfumu yoyamba ya mbiri amadziwika anali Olga, mkazi wamasiye wa Prince Igor. Mfumukazi anakwanitsa kugwirabe mphamvu, osati pa Kiev, komanso pa Lazaro lonse. Mu ulamuliro wa Olga anali mosamalitsa malamulo tributary udindo.

Old Russian maphunziro boma chinakhalapo mpaka ulamuliro wa Yaroslav (1019-1054). wolamulira analitcha "Wanzeru". Jaroslav ogwirizana mphamvu zawo pafupifupi onse akale Russian mayiko. Prince anatenga "Russian Choonadi" woyamba malamulo code. Mu ulamuliro wake ufumu anafika kutalika kwa mphamvu yake.