Arbolit - ndemanga. Arbolit: zikuchokera, kupanga. nyumba arbolita

Pa zipangizo zambiri zamakono kuti anaonekera pa msika posachedwapa, pali maganizo abwino. Arbolit cha gulu limeneli kuwala konkire, m'gulu chiwerengero chawo. Izo ntchito makamaka kwa yomanga mpanda ndi partitions. Ngakhale zinthu arbolit ndipo ankaona latsopano, nyumba ya izo anamumanga 60 ntchentche. Komabe, ndiye otchuka kwambiri osati ntchito. chakuti payekha yomanga nyumba mu USSR sanali bwino anakamba. Pakuti zikuluzikulu kumanga ntchito zosiyanasiyana kwambiri. Zokha arbolit sanali mu dziko lathu, ndi Netherlands, mu 30s lapansi. The mayunitsi poyamba ankatchedwa dyurisolom.

N'chiyani chimachititsa arbolit

The zikuchokera arbolita zikuphatikizapo zigawo zikuluzikulu monga simenti, madzi ndi zina mankhwala, ndi filler organic. Monga yotsirizira angagwiritsidwe ntchito nkhuni tchipisi, utuchi, mpunga udzu, makoko ndi bulrush T. D. The mayunitsi kupanga ndi kumanga monolithic nkhuni konkire makoma ntchito Portland mkulu sukulu. Monga ntchito mankhwala zina nitrate ndi calcium enaake, kapena ndi sodium silicate.

Nthawi zambiri, filler mu osakaniza ndi nkhuni tchipisi. Choncho arbolit limatchedwa derevobetonom. Nthawi zina, m'malo tchipisi anatengedwa filings. Pankhaniyi, likukhalira opilkobeton. midadada awa ndi penapake woipa kuposa arbolit chopangidwa ntchito Chip ntchito. Choyamba, iwo ndi lolemererapo komanso wolemera, ndipo kachiwiri, ndi sitichedwa deformations. Komabe, kwa iwo, pali maganizo abwino. Arbolit mitundu Komanso, izo penapake mtengo.

Gawo ndi makhalidwe arbolita

Panopa pali mitundu iwiri yokha waukulu zakuthupi: kutentha kutchinjiriza (kukhala 400-500 makilogalamu / M3 kachulukidwe) ndi structural (500-850 makilogalamu / M3). Features ku arbolita chopangidwa ntchito Chip ndi:

1. Flexural mphamvu - 1MPa.
2. Psinjika - 1 MPa.
3. Wapakati kachulukidwe - 600-650kg / M3.
4. Mlingo wa mayamwidwe madzi - 40% -85%.
5. Frost kukana - 50 m'zinthu.
6. Matenthedwe madutsidwe - 0,07-0,17 W / (m · K).
7. Shrinkage - 0.4% -0,5%.
8. Mayamwidwe - 126-2000 Hz.

Choncho, midadada ya arbolita chabe chabwino kuyamwa phokoso onse akubwera kuchokera msewu, kusunga kutentha bwino ndipo mphamvu zokwanira monga mphamvu compressive ndi flexural. Mlingo ntchito zakuthupi pafupi ndi thovu konkire ndipo ali ndi kulemera kwambiri m'munsi ndi digiri ya madutsidwe matenthedwe kuposa zambiri za konkire opepuka.

Mayina ena arbolita

Mu dziko lathu, nkhaniyi ngakhale osati kale, koma moyenerera udachita ndemanga zabwino. Arbolit kunja umakopa kwambiri kwa nthawi yaitali. Zotchinga ndi mapanelo anapanga simenti wothira zodulidwa, utuchi, ndi zina filler organic, opangidwa m'mayiko ambiri ku ulaya ndi America. Kamodzi anautcha penapake mosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mu Czech Republic ndi pilibeton, Germany - dyuripanel, Japan - chenteri-Boado, Austria - Velox, ndi US ndi Canada - vudstoun.

kumene ntchito

Arbolit anapeza ntchito makamaka payekha yomanga otsika-nyamuka. Midadada chopangidwa therefrom. Arbolit komanso ntchito atulutse mapanelo. makulidwe awo akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Lina, matabwa konkire zotchinga ndi mbale nthawi zina ntchito yomanga nyumba mkulu-nyamuka, komanso zipangizo zosiyanasiyana mafakitale. Ngakhale kumanga maziko a zinthu izi osavomerezeka, nthawi zina kwa cholinga ichi, izo akadali ntchito. Koma osati kwa nyumba ndi mosungira ndi outbuildings.

osakaniza Wood-simenti, mwa zina, nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati insulator matenthedwe m'nyumba chimango. Komanso, wothiridwa kukhoma pamene kolodtsevoy zomangamanga.

Mankhwala Ubwino ndi ndemanga za izo

Kuweruza ndi ndemanga za Arbol, mwayi waukulu imatengedwa makhalidwe abwino kwambiri zokutira zitsulo. Komanso, zinthu "amapuma". Mpanda wa arbolita angathe chinyezi chopezeka mpweya pamene owonjezera ndi kupereka kuchepa kwa. Ndiko kuti, malinga ndi mikhalidwe yake yaikulu, nkhaniyi akufanana mtengo. Pankhaniyi, ndi wopanda mwamtheradi cha zolakwa zake, monga lawola ndi akulimbana. Mosiyana ndi nkhuni, nkhaniyi sanali kongoletsani lokha moto. Komanso, mu mtengo-simenti makoma konse nkhungu akuwonekera. nyumba yomangidwa anapanga zinthu zimenezi mwamsanga zokwanira, chifukwa n'zosavuta kwambiri pokonza. Ngati ndi kotheka, mayunitsi akhoza kubowola, anaona nyundo ndi misomali mwa iwo, kagwere mu zomangira. Popeza nkhaniyi akulemera pang'ono ndithu, palibe kumanga maziko amphamvu kwambiri.

Zofunika kwa eni ambiri m'madera wakunja kwatawuni ndi chakuti mayendedwe a matabwa konkire midadada kapena mapanelo safuna nkhawa otetezedwa. Nkhanizi ali ndi kukana mkulu zimakhudzira katundu. The undoubted mwayi arbolita akhulupirira ndi ukhondo zachilengedwe. Nkhanizi ndi otetezeka kwathunthu kwa thanzi.

kupanga arbolita ndi ntchito yomanga nyumba yathandiza zabwino chuma wonse. Mu kupanga zosakaniza sizimene kuwataya, ndi ntchito ndi ntchito mafakitale zinyalala nkhuni. Pomanga nyumba ya arbolita sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zimagalimoto, zomwe mapeto ndalama kwambiri.

kuipa zakuthupi

Monga tanenera kale, nkhaniyi, pali kwenikweni kokha ndemanga yothandiza. Arbolit Komabe, si popanda zina zovuta. Ndi pamwamba pa ntchito zonse m'malo osauka mphamvu ndi kukana chinyezi. Kukhoma la nkhaniyi adzakhala yayitali, iwo ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti grout. Pankhaniyi mbali chipinda chotchuka ntchito matope simenti-mchenga, ndi ku msewu - mchenga-simenti, wothira mandimu. Otetezedwa ku mtengo-simenti kunja kwa mpanda kungakhale zina akumaliza. Iwo ali osavomerezeka ntchito nkhaniyi kumangira osambira ndi saunas. Mulimonsemo, chinyezi mu chipinda tsogolo sayenera upambana 70-75%. Limagubuduzika nyumba, amene makoma opangidwa arbolita, ayenera adzaukitsidwa ndi kutalika kwa osachepera 50 cm padziko m'dera akhungu. Maulendo eaves tisatongwa ochirikiza omanga ndege kwa osachepera theka mita.

sangathe wina arbolita kupeza Kusakhazikika wake ku mipweya zikuwononga. Kuyenera ananena za mtengo ndi mkulu wa nkhaniyi.

kupanga arbolita

kupanga ndondomeko midadada zikuphatikizapo zinthu zingapo zofunika:

1. Anasonkhana tchipisi chisanadze wophwanyidwa kenako zosankhidwa. Pofuna kupeza filler particles kukula zina, iwo anadutsa sieve wapadera.
2. Kenako obespylivajut tchipisi.
3. Ndiye, motero okonzeka filler ndi wothira simenti, madzi ndi zina mankhwala.
4. Yankho chifukwa udzathiridwa mu zisamere pachakudya. Yotsirizira zambiri zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zosungunula, kuyambira mu njira iyi zotheka kupeza midadada kwathunthu yosalala ndi umenewu nsikidzi.
5. osakaniza anali mitundu ting'onoting'ono basi. Pakuti vibropress cholinga.
6. osakaniza kusungidwa mu mawonekedwe pamaso solidification.
7. midadada yomalizidwa auma kwa masabata osachepera awiri asanayambe kutumiza ku pamalo, malingana ngati iwo alibe kupeza mphamvu zokwanira.

Kodi kupanga nkhuni konkire anu midadada

Kupanga arbolita zinthu kunyumba - ndondomeko imene imafunanso mwambo wa umisiri ena. Mitundu akhoza anapha ku matabwa zawo. Iwo ayenera collapsible. Pakuti yokonza 1 mita ³ osakaniza pa 250-300 makilogalamu Portland asanu zana kufunika kutenga nambalayi tchipisi malita 400 madzi ndi 2-4% mwa kulemera kwa mankhwala simenti. Pre-tchipisi ayenera mosamala anasefa. njirayi adzachotsa particles lalikulu kwambiri.

chosakanizira udzathiridwa tchipisi ndi kuthira madzi ndi zina kusungunuka. Zonse izi bwinobwino osokonezeka, kenako kungowonjezera simenti. Pambuyo zikuchokera akukhala kwathunthu homogenous, iyo ziri mu mawonekedwe. Recent chisanadze mafuta laimu matope. chindwi chikachitika mosamala tamping kusakaniza. Pamwamba tiyenera sangafikire za 2 cm. Izi buku otsala ladzala ndi pulasitala njira. Kupirira midadada m'njira osachepera tsiku lina, ndiyeno wina masabata awiri zouma pansi denga ndi. Za nkhaniyo, adaponya mwa njira yotero, pali zokwanira ndemanga zabwino. Arbolit anapanga ndi njira imeneyi, n'koyenera kuti amangire nyumba ndi mipanda zomangamanga. Pakuti pomanga maziko a zinthu zimenezi siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga mphamvu yapadera ndi kukana kwa chinyezi ndi osiyana.

Kodi Ndimayang'ana pamene kugula midadada

Pogula nkhuni konkire midadada ayenera kukhala osamala. Mu msika lero Tingaone monga chuma apamwamba, ndipo si choncho. Ndi bwino kugula mankhwala a makampani akuluakulu. Childs, mayunitsi amenewa olimba zamitundu angapo.

M'mene tingamangire nyumba ya arbolita

Pamene akuika makoma a mayunitsi amenewa kutsatira njira yomweyo monga kuika kunja kwa wamba. Izi zikutanthauza woyamba wa zonse ziyenera kuchitika bandaging mafupa. Komanso, makoma zimamangidwa ndi kutali ndi mlingo.

Ngati anakhumba, mukhoza kumanga nyumba ya arbolita ndi zida zina. Pankhaniyi, mayunitsi si anapanga. osakaniza imaikidwa mu shuttering kale anaika anagwetsa matabwa matabwa. Ndipo iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu khola ikuthandizira. Konzekerani mu kufanana mofanana midadada ya, ndi osakaniza udzathiridwa mu formwork zigawo masentimita 25. Aliyense wosanjikiza mosamala nkhosa. The formwork akhoza kuchotsedwa ndi kuwayalanso tsiku potting mix.

Ngakhale kuti arbolit si bwino kulekerera zili mkulu chinyezi, kwa kamphindi, iye ndi mmodzi mwa zipangizo koposa zonse ntchito pomanga m'nyumba. midadada akhoza anamangapo nyumba ndi ntchito zabwino. Koma ndi nkhani ya zinthu zonse matekinoloje.