Mpweya wabwino: kapangidwe ndi unsembe. Mpweya wabwino m'nyumba payekha

Pa patsogolo zamakono amasewera yofunika mpweya, kamangidwe ka yomwe ikuchitika imodzi ndi kukonzekera za ntchito yomanga nyumba. Ife yaitali anachoka yomanga nyumba ndi mtengo ndi nyumba zachilengedwe zipangizo, zomwe zambiri zapita mpweya, pamene nthawi yomweyo kusunga kutentha. Panopa lalikulu zedi ntchito mapulasitiki ndi polystyrene, amene breathability osauka ndipo zimatulutsa zinthu zoipa monga formaldehyde. izi mankhwala zipangizo zonse nyumba ntchito osati kwa nyumba mafakitale komanso kukonza malo. Kuti osachepera pang'ono kupulumutsa zinthu, panali chinthu monga "mpweya". Ndipo si monga chubu, amene amapereka mpweya wabwino. Choncho, kapangidwe ka mpweya ndi sayansi yaikulu. Bwino analemba ntchito limawapatsa mpata wopuma momasuka za otentha makina fakitale.

Kufotokozera za kamangidwe

Muyenera kulenga mawu a Buku. Izi chikalata choyambirira cha kamangidwe ka mpweya wabwino kapena ena malo luso. Limati magawo kofunika mpweya nyumba mpweya wokwanira, mpweya kuwombola bungwe, mitundu ya coolants. Pa nthawi ya ntchito imeneyi imafunika mfundo izi: cholinga cha nyumbayo, makhalidwe a zomangira ndi chophimba, zitseko, mawindo, zigawo zipinda ndi mapulani pansi. Zopangapanga ndondomeko ndi ntchito atengedwa mu mlandu malo mafakitale.

mawerengedwe a mpweya

The choyamba - magawo a nyengo m'nyumba ndi panja mopitirira malinga ndi malamulo (SNIP 23-01-99 "Kumanga Climatology" ndi SNIP 41-01-2003 "HVAC").

The chachiwiri - kofunika kutentha ndi kuzizira anatsimikiza pa maziko a malamulo n'kunyeketsa mabuku a mpweya pa munthu paola, kutenga nkhani kutentha kutayikira.

Chachitatu - tikaonetsetsa mbali ya chipinda atsimikiziridwa mwa mitundu ya mpweya chofunika: ambiri kuwombola ndi makonsolo, kukakamizidwa mpweya kapena utsi, zachilengedwe, makina kapena losanganikirana.

Pomaliza, kusankha zida pa tsiku i luso ndi zachuma.

mpweya kapangidwe amapereka yogawa mpweya masamu m'njira zosiyanasiyana: kusamutsidwa kapena kusanganikirana, okwanira ndi kuchotsa mpweya pansi pamwamba, mitundu ya Jets kotunga mpweya, angagwiritse chiwerengero ndi mitundu ya diffusers.

Asayansi mpweya kalozera maukonde anagwiritsanso: phokoso kuthamanga mpweya potuluka mavavu, ndi kasinthidwe a mtanda gawo ritsa, imfa kuthamanga mu maukonde.

Anakonza flowchart kuti amasonyeza ikulongosola za kamangidwe ka dongosolo mpweya: dongosolo, makhalidwe ndi malo mayunitsi yopanga, za zipangizo ndi zida.

Mitundu ya mpweya

The mafakitale nyumba mpweya kapangidwe zikuphatikizapo osiyana mitundu ya mpweya: machitidwe wosavuta danga ofesi, kachitidwe ka sing'anga ndi mkulu Kuvuta kwa zomera lalikulu kuntchito.

Natural mpweya - kuwombola mpweya chifukwa cha kusiyana kuthamanga, ndi dilution mpweya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mphepo, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ndi mphamvu ndalama zapadera.

Mokakamizidwa - ichi ndi kuwombola mpweya opangidwa ndi zipangizo luso: conditioners mpweya, mafani ndi zina zotero ..

Zosiyanasiyana machitidwe kukakamizidwa mpweya wabwino

Mwa maikidwe amakakamizidwa machitidwe mpweya anawagawa mitundu:

- mpweya wabwino. Izo zoyendetsedwa ndi fani, amene amapereka mpweya wabwino mu chipinda, koma chifukwa vavu mu kutali mpweya sangathe adutsa zimakupiza wa aliyense kapena malangizo ena. Outflow amapezeka mwachibadwa, kutsatira kuthamanga kudutsa mipata mu Mawindo ndi zitseko pa kutsegula.

- utsi mpweya. Linapangidwa ndi fani, amene amachotsa mpweya stale ku chipinda, ndi kuchuluka yake kuchucha mu mazenera ndi zitseko atsegulidwa.

angagwiritse magawanidwe - Chithunzi lomwe limasonyeza kayendedwe ka mpweya dongosolo utsi. Mu nkhani iyi, okwanira ndi kumaliseche kwa mpweya amapezeka imodzi mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo wapadera zamakono. Zimenezi ikuchitika ndi mitundu iwiri ya mpweya. Choyamba - njira kuphatikiza mpweya, pamene kusamalira chipinda mpweya wosanganiza ndi linanena bungwe kudzera mavavu utsi. The chachiwiri - njira aithamangitse, pamene mpweya wabwino akudyetsedwa kuchokera pansi ndi pamwamba pa zinyalala lachokera zachilengedwe malangizo.

Mitundu kwambiricho cha mpweya wabwino ndi ntchito yawo

Kupatula zachilengedwe ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri yokakamiza, palinso zina. Iwo ntchito pamene pali kamangidwe ka mpweya mafakitale. Mwachitsanzo, zomera kumene, pa kupanga ndondomeko amapezeka lalikulu kutentha m'badwo, kugwiritsa ntchito "mpweya shawa" pamene otaya mpweya chilled pa mathamangidwe mkulu umaperekedwa m'malo mwa kudzipatula matenthedwe. mtundu wina wa mpweya - ndi "chitsime". Mu isagwe danga gawo umaperekedwa mpweya chilled ndi amatumizidwa mu chipinda. Kupanga, kumene gassing lalikulu, umuna fumbi, kudzipatula mabomba, utumiki ochita angagwiritse mpweya mafakitale, kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ovuta kwambiri za mpweya wabwino, monga kukhumba (kuti mawere kuwonongeka kwa mpweya). Utsi machitidwe opangira zimakhala obshcheobmennoj (kukhumba) ndi m'deralo (adakwera zotulutsira suction). Chitetezo ndi chitetezo cha mfundo chilengedwe sayansi, amene ali m'gulu la kamangidwe ka mafakitale nyumba mpweya wabwino, amapereka ntchito machitidwe zina; zishango mpweya ndi nsaru anamanga mu dongosolo mpweya wabwino, ndi Zosefera odana fumbi ndi zimene amagwiritsa ntchito zosafunika mankhwala utsi.

The computerization a kamangidwe ka mpweya

Mpweya - ndi kovuta kwambiri ndipo mumzindawo ntchito. Pamafunika zambiri mderali. Kuti atsogolere ntchito akatswiri, pulogalamu ya kapangidwe mpweya analengedwa. Ndipo ntchito imeneyi pa nthawi ndithu kwambiri, mabungwe yaikulu ndi owerenga anazolowera. Mwachitsanzo, potulukira-Calkona ntchito pa maziko a kuwerengetsera ntchito mitunduyi Altshul ndipo walola mawerengedwe hayidiroliki wa ritsa lapansi. Similar mapologalamu limapereka mfundo msika mbwee, monga CADvent, AutoCAD, Ventmaster ndi zina zotero. E., umene popanda khama kulenga ntchito mu 3D, zithunzi 2D, zojambula ndi kuwerengetsera zina zambiri.

mpweya zoweta

Mpweya wabwino m'nyumba nyumba kuwombola zachilengedwe mpweya lakonzedwa malinga ambiri amavomereza zinafotokozedwa mfundo za malamulo. Ngati izi ndi kulongosola mawu osavuta, zonse ziri motere: kupyolera kuchucha mu mazenera ndi kudutsa makomo otseguka kapena mpweya pawindo akulowa mpweya wabwino, ndi mwa kutsinde mpweya limapezeka asamathere zinyalala. Koma chifukwa chakuti tsopano pafupifupi onse nyumba ndi pulasitiki mawindo, otaya lachibadwa akusokoneza. Tiyenera kuchita kamangidwe ka mpweya wabwino amakakamizidwa. Imodzi mwa njira - kukhazikitsa kusalola mpweya polowera, limene lili pa khoma kapena Redieta. Pankhaniyi, mpweya wabwino adzabwera chisanadze mkangano, umene uli yabwino kwambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Adamtenga Iye kunyumba zina zoletsedwa ndi chakuti diverter potulukira kutsinde si mu chipinda chirichonse, koma makamaka bafa, khitchini chimbudzi, ndipo hallway. Choncho, kwa yosalala makope mpweya yaing'ono kapena zitseko payekha nyumba amene anaika kudya grille. Ngati zachilengedwe mpweya wabwino m'nyumba nyumba si zabwino mokwanira kupirira, makina amakakamizidwa anapereka. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mafani apadera wokwera mu kumaliseche kutsinde. zipangizozi kubwera mwa njira zosiyana. Iwo wokwera pa khoma pa khomo wanga kapena denga, ndipo anaika mu chitoliro ritsa. mafani zimenezi zimatchedwa chobisika.

Kulengedwa mfundo kachitidwe ventilating

Mu nyumba, onse mu mafakitale ndi nyumba payekha, tiyenera kuyika dongosolo mpweya wabwino, koma sikuti nthawi zonse ndalama kukalembera akatswiri kwa oterowo ntchito yofunika ndi udindo. Choncho, nthawi zina m'pofunika kuwerengera ndi chitsanzo cha ziwembu zimenezi. Kuti inu si kulakwitsa aakulu mawerengedwe, ife kupereka chitsanzo cha mmene angachitire mawerengedwe ndi mamangidwe a mpweya wabwino m'nyumba. machitidwe onse zosiyana kwa wina mu ntchito Choncho, malinga ndi malamulo anavomera, tiyenera kukhala ndi umboni umenewu:

• chifukwa malo - 3 m³ paola pa 1 mita;
• kwa zimbudzi - 50 m³ paola pa 1 mita;
• chifukwa mabafa kupatukana - 25 m³ paola 1 m²;
• Kukhala chipinda ayenera kukhala mpweya otaya.

Mitundu ya ducts mpweya ndi unsembe wa mpweya

Pa unsembe wa ducts mpweya wabwino ntchito, fasteners, Zosefera ndi zovekera. Langizo chachikulu ndi kapangidwe ndi unsembe wa mpweya wabwino. Anachita zonse monga mwa ntchito, kumene inu kusankha mtundu wa ductwork. nyumba okhwima ndi amakona anayi ndi lozungulira. Otsika mpweya kukana ali wozungulira lalikulu pang'ono - amakona anayi, ndi lalikulu - kugawa theka-kusintha ducts chifukwa chakuti iwo crimped. Choncho, mzere waukulu chimafika pa deta kuperekedwa, amene ali m'gulu la kamangidwe ka mpweya wabwino ndi unsembe ntchito kudzera nyumba okhwima, ndipo ntchito ngati zolumikizira kusintha. ducts onse ayenera insulated ndi ubweya mchere kuteteza condensation.