Mitsinje lalikulu la dziko. Mitsinje yaikulu ya dziko

Mbiri ya anthu wakhala mwachindunji ndi matupi madzi - izo si chiyambi, komanso chitukuko cha chitukuko mu mabeseni mtsinje ndi kugombe la nyanja. Mu Middle Ages mphamvu ndi zombo lolamuliridwa dziko. Mpaka lero, zotsatira za madzi pa moyo wa munthu ndi zoopsa. Choncho, kuphunzira mitsinje sangakhale chabe chibwana chidwi, komanso njira yabwino kumvetsetsa mbiri ya anthu ndi ubale njira zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba ndi ofunika powasamalira kwambiri zikuluzikulu, odziwika ndi chidwi mitsinje ya Earth.

Nile

Ngakhale kuti si mtsinje akuya mu dziko, koma motalika, choncho zofunika kwambiri. Malowa ali pamtunda pa Africa. Nile ndi yaitali - m'litali, pamodzi ndi kuchuluka kwa Kagera wofanana 6671 Km. The mtsinje mitanda m'dera la Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Sudan ndi Egypt, m'mayiko a yotsirizira kugwera Nyanja Mediterranean. Pool tichipeza mitsinje awiri - White ndi Blue Nile, ndi kuphimba pafupifupi zikwi zitatu makilomita lalikulu. Major makhwawa - ndi Sobat, Atbara ndi Bahr eli Ghazal. Pa magombe a Nile anabadwa mmodzi wa chitukuko woyamba kudziwika kwa anthu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, mtsinje akhala anakhalabe unexplored. Mpaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ofufuza atumwi anayenda kudutsa Africa, kuyesera kupeza gwero lake, ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti kuyesa koyamba ku Ulaya ngakhale mu 1613. Dziwe ndi nyanja ya Victoria, madzi mtsinjewu kudzadza chifukwa mvula kawirikawiri m'deralo. Chinthu chapadera wa Nile ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha ng'ona - kusambira mmadzi ndi osafunika kwambiri.

Amazon

Enumerating mitsinje lalikulu la dziko, sikutheka kuti asiye izi. Amazon ndi waukulu ku South America, likuyenderera mu madera a Peru ndi Brazil, ukuyenda mu Atlantic Ocean. Dzinali amachokera nthano za akazi pankhondo fuko anakhala pa gombe m'deralo. Iwo anafotokoza moyo wa munthu wapaulendo Carvajal, moti yowala kuti panali mosakayikira ponena za nkhani. Azungu anayamba kufufuza padziko lonse lapansi mtsinje mu M'badwo wa Apeza. Mu 1539-mamita pa magombe a Amazon Pizarro anafika, kuyesera kupeza golide. Ziyembekezo sizinakwaniritsidwe, koma Spain anakwanitsa kufufuza dziwe sankadziwa mtsinje ndi panopa amphamvu. Amazon - mtsinje akuya mu dziko. kusambira ake dziwe ndi pafupifupi zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri makilomita lalikulu. Pa mtsinje mazana asanu makhwawa, akutulukira mu zopezera wandiweyani, chofunika kwambiri - Purus, juruá mtsinje, Madeira. Magombe mtsinje okutidwa ndi nkhalango moti ndi moyo mu mtsinje wa otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse nsomba piranha.

Mississippi

Kwa anthu a North America ndi mtsinje lalikulu mu dziko. Mu Mississippi, yambiri makhwawa - ndi Missouri, Illinois, Red Mtsinje, Arkansas, Ohio. ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi amalowa mitsempha ya. Pa dzina India hydronym imeneyi litanthauza kuti "bambo a madzi." Istok ili mu Nyanja Itasca ili boma la Minnesota. Ngati ambiri mitsinje ina ikuluikulu dziko, Mississippi amalowa nyanja - mu Gulf of Mexico. Coast pafupifupi kutalika lonse la migodi ya ndiotetezedwa, m'madera ena Iwo amalimbitsa levees. pakamwa amaoneka ngati ankadziwana yaikulu ndi manja asanu. Mtsinjewo pafupifupi zaka zikwi zinayi makilomita. Mississippi kuyamwitsa madzi osefukira kasupe ndi madzi osefukira chifukwa cha mvula. Poyamba anali wachikulire m'mphepete mwa nkhalango yowirira, koma tsopano pali zambiri mizinda mwa nyanja.

Yangtze

Enumerating mitsinje yaikulu kwambiri ya mdziko, ndi kutchula wina chimene chimachitika pa dera la Asia ofunika. Yangtze ndi motalikitsa pa Africa ndi wachinayi mu dziko. Mtsinjewo makilomita 5.800. Yangtze mtsinje ukuyenda mwa dera la China ndi imaphwera mu South China Sea, umene uli ku Pacific Ocean beseni. The azungu woyamba anapezeka pa magombe a mtsinje wotchedwa Blue, koma kwenikweni madzi ndi chikasu, ndi zambiri mchenga. Istok lili Tibet. Pafupifupi theka la m'litali ndi mtsinje waukulu. Mu mphindi mlingo chigumula madzi limatuluka kuti meters khumi, pa nthawi kuthekera kwa navigation pa kuchuluka Yangtze. M'nyengo yozizira kumakhaladi osaya panyanja ndi kutsazikana. Kupewa madzi anasefukira bedi ena Madamu ndi madamu anamanga. Pool Yangtze yabwino kwambiri ulimi. Beach ndi lachonde kotero am'deralo akuchitanso kulima mpunga. Ngati mitsinje ina yaikulu ya mdziko, kugwa m'nyanja, ndipamene ankadziwana lalikulu la Yangtze mu makumi a zikwi makilomita.

ob

Enumerating mitsinje yaikulu kwambiri ya mdziko, m'pofunika kutchula Russia. Ob umayenda mwa kumadzulo kwa Siberia ndipo amalowa ob Gulf, kuti zikugwirizana ndi Ocean Arctic. Pa confluence a Biya ndi Katun gwero ndi m'kamwa mwa ankadziwana amapanga kukula kwa makilomita zikwi zingapo lalikulu. Ngati mitsinje ina lalikulu la dziko, ob kwambiri anawonjezera - m'litali ndi pafupifupi zikwi zinayi makilomita. Kuti makhwawa ndi Vasyugan, Irtysh, Bolshoy Yugan ndi kumpoto Sosva ndi Chumysh, Chulym, Ket, Tom ndi Bax. Ndi ili pa magombe a waukulu mu mzinda wa dera Novosibirsk. Komanso, dziwe amadziwika oilfields angapo. Irtysh madzi ntchito kupangira magetsi, kuwonjezera, pambali pake analenga malo angapo lalikulu.

Mtsinje Yellow

Dziko mitsinje kwambiri likuyenderera mu gawo la China, si kwa Yangtze. Palinso Yellow mtsinje umene madzi ake akuyenda mu Nyanja Yellow , ndipo ndi mbali ya Pacific Ocean. madzi Mtsinje yodziwika ndi kum'chitira chikasu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matope. M'litali makilomita pafupifupi zikwi zisanu, kuti mtsinje ndi malo chimodzi mu dziko. Komabe, Yellow Mtsinje beseni ndi ochepa. Yambani mtsinje wanu kukudza Chitibeta yachonde, kenako umayenda mwa chipewa mbalambanda, pa Loess Plateau ndi North China Plain, kenako imaphwera mu Bohai Gulf, kumene ndipamene ankadziwana ndi. Ili pa magombe a mmizinda yaikulu. Komabe, kuno si n'zosavuta - ndi Yellow zonse dilutes pa damu, kuchititsa kuti madzi asefukire kwambiri.

Mekong

Choncho likukhalira kuti mitsinje wotchuka mu dziko zambiri inali ku Europe ndi ku Asia. Apa Mekong - zofunika kwambiri waterway Indochina - kumachitika kumeneko. Izi ndi mtsinje wachinayi yaitali mu Asia ndi chitatu - pa dziko. Pool umadutsa m'dziko la China, Laos, Burma, Cambodia, Thailand ndipo Vietnam. Kutalika ndi zinayi ndi zikwi theka makilomita. Mekong kumayambira Chitibeta Plateau, kumene anatumizidwa ku Sichuan Alps, ndiye kum'mawa kwa chilumbachi, ndi pa Chikambodiya zomveka lagawidwa nthambi angapo ankadziwana ndi. Makhwawa ndi Tonle Sap Moon, Bassac ndi Banghiang. Kuti Phnom Penh madzi wotchedwa chapamwamba Mekong, ndiyeno - wotsika. Pool ndi abwino kwa navigation chaka chonse. Mosadodometsedwa kayendedwe n'zotheka makilomita mazana asanu ndi awiri. The mtsinje amatipatsa yamvula mvula yomwe kugwa kuchokera June kuti October.

Cupid

Complete mndandanda, kuphatikizapo mitsinje wotchuka mu dziko, tiyenera izi. Amur akutumikira monga malire pakati China ndi Russia. Kuchokera ku gwero la m'litali ndi pafupifupi anayi ndi theka makilomita zikwi. Akugwa mu wa Chitata Khwalala, inali pakati pa Japan ndi Okhotsk nyanja. M'dera la mtsinje chimakwirira makilomita lalikulu 1856. The makhwawa yaikulu ndi Tunguska, Zeya, Bureya, Amgun ndi Goryunov, ndi Ussuri ndi Sungari. Amur ntchito ngati njira zoyendera ndi nsomba. madzi mukhoza kupeza mitundu twente-faifi nsomba: pinki nsomba, carp, nsomba, Nsombazi, ndi ena. Dzina la mtsinje amatanthauza "madzi akuda" mu Mongolian. Far East Amur ndikukhulupirira waterway chachikulu. Theka la beseni ake imachitika mu PRC. Kuchokera July kuti September, chigumula mtsinje kudzadza, nthawizina iwo akhoza kutenga zoopsa. Zigawo zina atapanga m'nyengo yozizira kuyambira chiyambi cha November wokutidwa ndi ayezi mpaka chiyambi cha May.