Analysis: Astafjevs, "Lyudochka". Nkhani ya mankhwala

Mu magazini "New World" mu Nsanja ya September chaka cha 1989, anafalitsa nkhani yake Astafjevs ( "Lyudochka"). The kusanthula ntchito imeneyi - mutu wa nkhaniyi. Photo ndi mlembi ali anapereka m'munsimu.

Nkhani ya nkhani

Izi nkhani - za unyamata, koma ngwazi amene analenga Astafjevs, mnyamata palibe. Onsewo - anthu osungulumwa sakuvutika kwinakwake kwambiri nokha ndi kukhala mu dziko. mithunzi izi ankavala kuponyedwa pa miyoyo ya owerenga wachisoni kumverera. Makamaka, ngwazi ya Astafieva Ndimagoma kusungulumwa, ndilo mankhwala a zonse ndi lowopsya. Kuyambira osiyanasiyana izi amamuchititsa kuswa mbali yaikulu ya nkhani "Lyudochka" (Astafjevs). Mavuto mankhwala ndi kugunda pakati pa mkati ndi dziko lakunja. Mwina kudziŵika kuti mizere choyamba cha nkhani imene heroine wa mankhwala poyerekeza ndi waulesi primorozhennoy udzu, zikusonyeza kuti, ngati udzu izi kwa moyo sakanatha.

maganizo makolo Lyudochku

maganizo makolo Lyudochku - mfundo yofunika kwambiri, yomwe ayenera kusiya ndalama kusanthula. Astafjevs ( "Lyudochka") amaonetsera ubale wa protagonist ndi makolo si abwino. Lyudochka masamba nyumba kumene ankakhala ali mwana. Palinso wosakwatiwa, alendo kwa anthu ake. Amayi a mtsikana wachita kale anazolowera moyo chipangizo mwini. bambo A ankachitira kanthu khalidwe chachikulu. Astafjevs ananena kuti ankakhala m'nyumba imodzi, ndipo okha. Iye anaona ngati mlendo pakati pa anthu.

vuto maganizo kusungulumwa

anthu athu odwala Kudaonekeratu poyera kwa aliyense lero. Koma kusankha mankhwala oyenerera, muyenera kuika matenda zolondola. Maganizo abwino a dziko mukulimbana ndi izo, kuyesera kuchita kusanthula zawo. Astafjevs ( "Lyudochka") anakamba matenda zolondola kwambiri kwa matenda loopsa wakantha dziko. Wolemba anaona mbali yaikulu nkhani mu moyo nokha. Iyo imakhala kusonyeza ululu wa nzika anzathu. zogwirizana kwambiri lero nkhani "Lyudochka" (Astafjevs). mavuto ndi pafupi ndi bwino kuti anthu ambiri kukhalamo lero.

Nkhani analenga Astafev, kupsa mosavuta mu masiku ndondomeko mabuku. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu za talente wolemba - luso kubisa nkhani zofunika kwa olemba ochuluka: azingokhala m'mudzimo, sakuyendetsa makhalidwe amene amawononga, ndi upandu. Viktor akutionetsa imvi, tsiku ndi tsiku, moyo wamba. Mawu akuti "nyumba ntchito kunyumba" moyo Gavrilovna, mkazi anataya mu m'kanyumba kometeramo tsitsi thanzi lake, ndipo tovarki kuona mwachibwanabwana kulasa onse tsoka. Ndipo mbali yaikulu iyenera kukhala mu bwalo, monga momwe kuwunika ikuchitika mwa ife. Astafjevs ( "Lyudochka") imamveka heroine ake si wosiyana, angathe kusintha dziko. Iye anakakamizika kukhala ndi wankhanza, ndi kuzindikira kuti pali njira yothawira.

Opiringizidwa tsoka Lyudochku

Pamene waukulu khalidwe ntchito atamaliza makalasi 9 ndipo anali msungwana, mayi ake anamuuza kuti Lyudochka nalowa mu mzinda kuthetsa, chifukwa ziribe kanthu kochita m'mudzi. The lingaliro lalikulu la nkhaniyi ndi kusokoneza fano la tsoka mtsikana amene cholizira chimango chuma (kuti mwanjira kupulumuka mu mzinda, kunali koyenera kuti simukugwirizana ntchito iliyonse), komanso zosayenera m'mudzi zachiwawa ngati mzinda. Wolemba mwaluso anaulula Lyudochku khalidwe ndi mavuto makhalidwe a m'badwo wamakono, anakhala kusanthula. Astafjevs ( "Lyudochka") zilipo akhoza kunena zinthu za oopsa ambiri, chifukwa cha chifundo ndi chisoni tsoka la chilungamo protagonist lapansi.

Chifukwa Lyudochka anadzipha?

Lyudochka kunyumba, sanapeze ngakhale chithandizo choyenera cha mayi, chifukwa iye anali otanganidwa ndi mavuto ena. The mbali yaikulu anatha kutenga kachitidwe wosimidwa, molimba okha monga onse anthu chatsekedwa. Iye anali woyamba mu mwana anaponyedwa mu mtsinje. Ndipo tsopano, ndi omangika pa khosi lake, Lyudochka, monga mwana, iye bounced mapazi wokutidwa makutu ake ndi manja ake, monga ngati anathamangira mu malire ndi chosaneneka dziwe ndi mkulu podmytuyu pagombe. Pa dzanja limodzi, anaganiza m'njira kuthetsa mavuto awo onse, popanda kusokoneza aliyense, koma ena - mtima wake kuti amasirira. Makhalidwe Lyudochki Astafeva ndithu chidwi. Khama la khalidwe chachikulu si achilendo achinyamata ambiri a lero.

The interconnectedness la tsoka

Wolemba amafuna kupereka nkhani chithunzi kwa owerenga mpata osati onani, koma amapeza mu filimu, muimirire iye, moyo moyo panopa. Mwa kupenda Astafieva nkhani "Lyudochka", m'pofunika kuona mmodzi kwambiri mfundo zofunika. chiwembu si kophweka osati zisonyezo zooneka chochitika-ceni, komanso chinthu china - pa anasonyeza chobisika, chimene chikutsimikizira lamulo la wolemba ndinaganiza ntchito lonse. Ifeyo ndi lingaliro la interconnectedness za tsoka wokhala mu kugawanika ndi, sakukhudzidwa, koma mu dziko lomwelo, dziko lomwelo. Machimo a ambiri amaganiza Lyudochka: mayi Strekocha, Gavrilovny, masukulu, mnyamata mzinda, apolisi Soviet. Izi ndi zimene Dostoyevsky sakanakhoza kugwirizana kwambiri - chiwombolo ndi losazindikirali kusalakwa machimo munthu. Short moyo, wonyong'onya, dreary, osayanjanitsika, imvi, popanda chikondi - tsoka la mtsikana. imfa yake - ndi zofunika zake. Only atamwalira Lyudochka anakhala mwadzidzidzi zofunika mayi ake Gavrilovna. Kenako anaona. Kwambiri olimbikitsa nkhani Astafieva, monga wowerenga angamve wolemba wachifundo ndi wachikondi kwa msungwana uyu.

Vuto la "munthu wamng'ono"

Vuto la "munthu wamng'ono" chaululidwa ntchito imeneyi. Astafjevs akupitiriza kuti mmodzi wa anthu otchuka mu mabuku Russian kwa zaka za m'ma 19. ntchito limanena za tsogolo la anali womvetsa m'mudzi mtsikana, amene anadza kufunafuna chuma chake mu mzinda, koma mwangozi nkhanza ndi ankam'fooketsa anthu. Pamwamba Lyudochku akukwiya, koma chinthu choopsa - si: izo sanafune kumvetsa anthu adakonda. Choncho, mtsikana anadzipha, sanathe kupeza aliyense kwa iwo chithandizo abwino.

Image Lyudochku Astafjevs analenga zotsatirazi: ndi wamba Russian mtsikana akonzedwa iliyonse. The mbali yaikulu sasiyana ku ubwana kapena malingaliro, kapena kukongola, koma anakhalabe mu mtima wake kulemekeza ena, chifundo, zoona ndi wokoma mtima. msungwana uyu anali flabby. N'chifukwa chake Gavrilovna, chobisa ake mu mzinda, akugogoda pa Lyudochku ntchito zonse ulimi. Iye anachita izo ndi zosangalatsa ndipo sanadye mungaufotokozere.

mbali zinenero nkhaniyo

Tikugwira ntchito maganizo ndi luso Kupenda nkhani Astafieva "Lyudochka". Maziko maganizo Ntchito ife tafotokozeramu, tipite tsopano ku mbali luso nkhani.

Wolemba kuika m'kamwa Gavrilovny ambiri khola liwiro, aphorisms ( "kasatochka", "namzeze", "golubonka Sizokrylov", "Zolotko wanga"). Ndi mawu awa wolemba akulongosola za Hostess ndi makhalidwe ake payekha m'maganizo kuwunika. Mzimu ndi kalembedwe ake ngwazi nthawi adzalandira Astafieva. malankhulidwe awo - iwo samangonena. Ndi mawu a maulamuliro onse abwino ndi ozindikira. Limodzi likhoza anasangalala ndi wolemba kudziwa kwambiri za jargon ( "mabwanawe", "akagwire zikhadabu" "godfather", "ndichiyani kutali"). mawu Russian, miyambi, ndi zina mawu akonzedwa ndi mawu zatenga mwa njira zithunzi ntchito ndi wolemba, malo kwambiri. Ndipo palibe mwangozi - adawathira kwambiri limaonetseratu mphamvu: expressiveness, emotionality, digiri yapamwamba ya generality. Author ofewa, satero, chinenero zaluso limaonetseratu amapereka kwa wowerenga maganizo ake. Kuwerenga ntchito ya "Lyudochka" Astafieva, muona kuti achilendo lolondola kulankhula wowerengeka, liveliness kulankhura ngwazi liwiro azilandira ( "ntchito ngati hatchi," "ntchito", "vtemyashit mutu"). Mtundu, chuma, wapadera phokoso nthetemya za chinenero mlembi. Kuwonjezera zowonera chosavuta (mwachitsanzo, "kumudzi dikoroste nizitsamwitsa") limagwiritsa ntchito zambiri zovuta wodzazidwa mafanizo ndi adjectives kulenga osiyana chithunzi. Choncho, nkhani kunapezeka yowala lapadera ndi wosaiwalika.

phwando Mosiyana

chidwi silitchula chokhazikika pa mbali pamthunzi wa moyo, Viktor Astafjevs ( "Lyudochka"). Analysis wa mankhwala zikusonyeza kuti ali pamwamba ndi kuwala ayerera mavuto ambiri. Imachokera mitima ya anthu ambiri amene Russia si anawamasulira. Ndimakumbukira zochitika za haymaking, yomwe akutchulidwa khalidwe lalikulu ndi mayi ake anachotsa okwana, kenako osambitsidwa ndi Lyudochka yekha mbadwa mtsinje fumbi ndi udzu fumbi lake ndi chimwemwe, kutsogozedwa ndi anthu, kuti ntchito bwinobwino. Mosiyana njira kuti ali bwinobwino ntchito pano Astafjevs, imafotokoza kuyandikana zauzimu ndi umunthu umene uli mzinda, akumenya umphawi ndi mdima wa umbuli ndi backwardness chiweruzo cha, sikutheka kumva.

Nkhani wokongola "Lyudochka" Astafieva?

nkhaniyi wokongola chifukwa chakuti wolemba ndi wochepa ntchito anatha kuika zingapo zofunika kwa owerenga. Wolemba otchulidwa chakuya luso chithunzi chenicheni cha moyo wa anthu ambiri. Komabe, waukulu ntchito Astafieva mwina zinkasonyeza tonse, zimene ikuyenda phompho. Ndipo ngati inu lekani nthawi, anthufe okwana alibe. Ndi mfundo amanena nkhani "Lyudochka". Astafjevs limatilimbikitsa kulingalira za dziko ndi moyo wake, kuyesa kusintha nokha, kuphunzira kumva chifundo ndi mnzake, ndi kukonda anthu, kuona kukongola kwa dziko ndi kuyesera adzaupulumutsa. Ndipotu, kukongola amadziwika kuti ndipulumutse dziko lapansi.