American wolemba Dzherom Devid Selindzher: MBIRI, zilandiridwenso

Pali olemba amene ali chimodzimodzi chidwi kuposa ntchito zawo. Amenewa anafotokoza Dzherom Selindzher, yonena ndi zonse zochitika. Kafukufuku nthanthi yokha, kuphunzira kukukhala a Sciences, nkhondo yachiwiri utumiki mu kufufuza, homecoming ndi kuzindikira nkhani ndi yokhayo imene imatuluka buku.

Pa inu mukhoza kupanga filimu. Only pano wolemba waletsa kutero, komanso filimu a buku lake. N'chifukwa chiyani kuchitika, adzaphunzilanso pa nkhani imeneyi.

Kwambiri chachinsinsi wolemba za m'ma

Dzherom Devid Selindzher amadziwika osati kwa mankhwala ake komanso njira chatsekedwa moyo wapereka nyamuka nthano zambiri basi za iye. Kutalika kwa mbiri wolemba wake mwadzidzidzi ikutha kufalitsa mabuku awo. Mu kulemba zimenezi sasiya kusiya pafupifupi mwathunthu malire kulankhulana ndi atolankhani ndi otsutsa. Owerenga mtima palibe autographs zambiri Salinger komanso imayima.

tokha wake seclusion nthano. Ndipo mu kuyankhulana ndi American wosewera Nikolas Keydzh iye anandiuza mmene munthu ndi mayesero unapatsa izo ndi bwenzi langa, chayani iye anapirira unali autograph wa wolemba mbiri. zodzinenera filimu nyenyezi kuti analandira siginecha aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino anapambana. Koma owerenga ambiri ndi mafani mwayi Salinger sankafuna kumwetulira.

ntchito

Dzherom Devid Selindzher anabadwa pa tsiku loyamba la 1919 ku New York (United States) m'banja la Chiyuda. Bambo ake anali wamalonda ndi banja moyo ndithu bwinobwino. Amayi anali Scottish ndi Irish mizu. Ngakhale ali mwana wolemba atayamba kuyenda mu kalata. nkhani zake zinali mwachidule, koma kale capacious ndithu.

Mu 1936, Salinger (amene yonena ali zambiri mphindi maganizo) analandira sukulu m'maganizo asilikali. Pophunzira lake, iye analemba mizere angapo nyimbo bungwe ili, limene liri gawo la malo boma. Kenako Salinger anadikira maphunziro pa University New York ndi mchitidwe mu Europe.

Atabwerera analowa University Columbia, kumene anakaphunzira ku nkhani pa prose ndi nkhani yochepa. Koma phunzirolo ndi chidwi Davide kupatula kuti maphunziro amenewa payekha. Iye sanaphunzire yunivesite ina iliyonse ndipo analephera kuti ntchito. Iwo wakhala chopunthwitsa kwa bambo ake, omwe anali ziyembekezo mkulu wa mwana wake. Chifukwa, pambuyo manyazi banja, akutembenuzidwa Chrixitu muyaya.

Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse mu moyo wolembayo

Salinger, amene yonena ndi litadzala ndi mphamvu ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, sanathe kukhala kutali ndi zochitika. Iye anaona kuti malo wake kutsogolo, ndipo akhala anamenyera mwayi kupita kumeneko, chifukwa kuti asapatsire linatuluka pa pempho.

Mu 1943 ndi udindo wa wolemba anga igwera mu dipatimenti counterintelligence. Kukhala mawanga yotentha, Salinger, amene yonena si koma nthawi kuti chosaneneka chokumbukira nkhondo analemba mu zolemba zake, ndipo kenako mu zolemba okondedwa kuti bwino cholinga chake ndi kuziyika izo apa. Iye ankadziwa molondola ndi phindu anakhala kutentha kwa nkhondo, nawo kumasulidwa kwa akaidi zozunzirako, anali mu nzeru, koma anakumana nthawi kumukhumudwitsa, anatseka wina, ndi kuti chinachitika kenako mu moyo wake reclusive.

Kuzindikila

Kunyumba, wolemba Salinger wapeza kutchuka anazindikira novelist. nkhani yake lalifupi "tsiku langwiro kwa Bananafish" mkamwa mwa otsutsa ake onse ndi okonda mabuku. Cha m'ma makumi anai, mabuku ake ndi nkhani yochepa lofalitsidwa magazini ambiri. The mitu ya ntchito zake - zokumbukira zopweteka za nkhondo, zilonda kuti sindimachiritsa, zimene anaona kuti sizidzaiwalika.

Kubvomereza wolemba ukufika pachimake buku mu 1951 a buku "The okwaniritsa mu Rye." Polemba chinenero mankhwala adzatchedwa "buku-maphunziro". chilengedwe ichi anagulitsidwa mu kuchuluka sikunachitekepo - makope oposa 60 miliyoni.

Kutalika kutchuka ndi kuzindikira Salinger mwadzidzidzi ikutha kufalitsa ntchito zawo ndi atseka dziko mu 1965. Sanalinso amapereka kuyankhulana ndi autographs. Kodi wolungama khalidwe ichi ndi chinsinsi ndi biographers, ndipo ngakhale abwenzi ambiri a wolemba.

Great novelist anamwalira ali ndi zaka 91 zazikulu ake chatsekedwa ku New Hampshire.

Zilandiridwenso. Chidule

Salinger zilandiridwenso makamaka imakhala nkhani yochepa ndi novellas. Buku okha olembedwa ndi lofalitsidwa ndi wolemba, - "The okwaniritsa mu Rye."

Salinger nkhani analenga osiyanasiyana mwachilungamo lonse za nkhani, zomwe zingasiyane ndi maganizo a wolemba. Koma lingaliro lakuti munthu - tanthauzo la moyo, maloto wosweka ndi kufufuza nzeru zaumunthu kwa kudzikonda. Ngwazi za mabuku ambiri muli ana, achinyamata ndi anthu kufufuza zolinga moyo. zithunzi izi wolemba momveka bwino kwambiri ndipo limasonyeza maganizo awo ndi kusonyeza owerenga zotsatira za maganizo ake aumunthu.

Kumbukirani nkhani ya wolembayo "Munthu Kuseka." Mmenemo nkhani ya wophunzira amene ankaphunzitsa anawo, pamene kuwauza nkhani zodabwitsa za bandit mfulu - akuseka Man. John Guy akuti mwakhama chifukwa amathandiza wokongola kwambiri ndi mtundu mtsikana, Mary. Iwo likukhalira kuti iye - mwana wa makolo wolemekezeka ndi olemera amene ankatsutsa ubwenzi wake ndi wophunzira yosavuta. Pamene Mariya akadali amakakamizidwa gawo ndi Yohane, akuuza nkhani imene khalidwe lake anagonjetsedwa, ndipo posakhalitsa anadzipha yekha. Nkhani akutsutsa lochitira chikhalidwe, amene wawononga miyoyo ya anthu abwino.

"The okwaniritsa mu Rye"

Izi buku wamkulu pasanapite nthawi anapeza ambiri owerenga padziko lonse. Komabe, kutsutsidwa ndi osokoneza maganizo kwa mankhwala, zodzudzula wolemba mu zolinga maganizo. Pakuti tsogolo la zilembo zabwino ndi makhalidwe a zimene zikuchitika mu buku ntchito kutukwana zomwe zinachititsa kuti linanena bungwe loletsa mankhwala ena limati. Tsopano ndi mbali ya pulogalamu sukulu mabuku padziko lonse.

Salinger, amene Kunena zidzatsekedwa kwa buku wake choletsedwa pojambula ntchito yake, pamene ilo linali funso mu 80-90-ntchentche. Mfundo yaikulu inali yopangidwa ndi zochitika kutenga malo mu moyo wa ngwazi, kotero kusonyeza izo monga taonera ndi analengedwa ndi wolemba, kuli kovuta.

Buku limatiuza za mnyamata adagwidwa Caulfield. Palibe amene amadziwa, ndipo iye sakonda akutenga malo awo. Iye akukula, ndi kukula mu izi monstrously mofulumira kutha kufumbiko maloto ake ndi maloto. Buku ndi dzina lachilendo chifukwa maganizo ake Caulfield moyo loto - kugwira ana pa zinathamangira kuphedi ndi kulumphira, pamene iwo anayamba kusewera, angakhale pangozi. Ukuimira kwambiri kucheza. Ambiri mwina, adagwidwa akufuna kuthandiza ana ubwana wawo mu kukondwa awo omasukirana kwa dziko, komwe maloto sanachite muyaya. Mutu yoyambirira ya buku la okwaniritsa mu Rye likumasuliridwa kuti "The okwaniritsa mu Rye."

Quotes ndi mawu

Wolemba chachinsinsi anatisiyira ife osati wamkulu zolembalemba cholowa, komanso ambiri aphorisms. Izi ziri chifukwa chakuti iye anali katswiri woona wa cholembera Salinger. Quotes ife azipereka yowala kwambiri komanso kuzindikira:

• "Chifukwa munthu wamwalira, inu sitingaleke wachikondi, zisiyeni izo! Makamaka ngati iye anali kuposa wina aliyense wamoyo, inu mukudziwa?" - mau a heroine za nkhani "Lyapa-wally" wolemba adzati choonadi, wodzala ndi ululu ndi choonadi.
• "Ndipo mabuku amenewa captivate ine kuti iwo kuwerenga mapeto, ine yomweyo ankaganiza kuti izo zikanakhala bwino ngati wolemba wakhala bwenzi lanu lapamtima, ndipo iye anali zotheka kulankhula." Izi limatiuza adagwidwa Kolfild, ndipo ndi kovuta kuti agwirizane naye.

• "Tiyenera munthu kulankhula, kuyambira anayamba kuuza chidwi ndi osonyeza. Ndi pamene munthu akawerenga limanena. Ndizo zabwino." mawu awa, inunso, a Caulfield.
• "Munthu mwana akufuna kufa chifukwa awo, ndi okhwima - kukhala chifukwa cha cholinga chabwino."

pomaliza

Werengani kapena ayi kuwerenga - malonda aliyense. Koma kutalikirana ndi zapamwamba mabuku dziko, inu kumana nokha zosangalatsa kuphunzira zolengedwa zatsopano. Choncho, nkhani Salinger - ndi microcosms kwathunthu lonse la ngwazi wake. Kusaka ndi zokhumudwitsa, moyo ndi ngoziyo weniweni miyoyo yawo sindikusiyani inu osayanjanitsika, idzam'patsa dziko wamumtima komanso kukuthandizani bwino kudziwa yekha.