Amasulidwe njira pa sitima ya

Amasulidwe njira - izi ndi loopsa kwambiri yokonza njanji. okwera amavutika. Tikanena zimene munthu ngozi pamsewu m'dera chinsalu chatsekedwa. Choncho ndichiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani?

ziwerengero boma

Malinga ndi kafukufuku akuluakulu a ku Dipatimenti ya njanji ndi Miyambo Utumiki wa njanji ya Russian Federation, kuyambira 1998 mpaka mu 2001, naini sitima ngozi pa Volga, East Siberia, North Caucasus, Moscow ndi South-East misewu chifukwa cha gawo kumasulidwa nsalu sitima. Ronaldo zonse zinachitika mu nyengo ya ku masana maola 16 kuchokera April kuti September.

Deformations zimachitika ndi ziwembu ankaikira mosalekeza welded njanji, njanji P65. Pansi nsalu anagona sleepers konkire, wosweka mwala ballast. Ngozi zinachitika pa yoongoka ya msewu, ndipo panali anthu awiri okha mu zokhotakhota zozungulira ndi utali wozungulira wa mamita 400 mpaka 650.

Yoganizira zonse zifukwa kugwa mfundo zofunika za chikhalidwe luso njira ndi mayunitsi a anagubuduza katundu, msewu. Zipangizo za Utumiki wa njanji deta palibe. Komabe, nkofunika kuti njira umuna kumachitika pa mapeto a sitima, koma osati pamaso pake, ndipo misonkhano yonse ya ngolo Zoonadi pachifukwa ichi.

Zitsanzo zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti kugwa kwa sitima chifukwa cha izi zingachitike m'tsogolo. Njira ayenera kumwedwa kuletsa umuna njira sitima.

Amasulidwe njira - ndichiyani?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya zolakwa za njanji: linanena bungwe, kukhota, kuwaza, kuba.

Amasulidwe njira - ichi ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nkhawa mu njanji ndi kumaliseche lachibadwa. Matenthedwe maganizo - ndi mtundu wa maganizo makina, kumene kumachitika pa yogawa si yunifolomu kutentha. Mu nkhawa olimba ngati kumachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu zochepa za kuwonjezeka kapena psinjika a matupi ena. Mwachindunji, kutalikitsa kapena kufupikitsa olowa njanji ndi kuteteza laths kukana mu zogwiriziza.

Pamene kutalika mkangano kuti awonjezera ndi kuchuluka malinga ndi patsogolo koyefishienti matenthedwe chitsulo. Chotero, izo zikanakhala ndichepe ndi kucheperachepera. Kusintha amenewa mipata structural pakati pa njanji ndi. Ngati mapindikidwe wa Tambasula posachedwapa kapena lotseka. Motero, m'nyengo yozizira akhoza mbuyo kagawo akapichi chilimwe - kuphwanya njanji gululi bata.

Kutentha ejection njira -. Kwambiri, kwa nthawi za 0.2 masekondi, kupindika kwa njanji mu mafunde angapo masentimita 30 ndi 50, amene amapezeka mu ndege yopingasa pa mtunda wa 40 mamita Imodzi anamwazikana chippings, kugawanika sleepers gawo. njanji ndi zosafunika ntchito zina monga kukhala kalekale opunduka.

Kodi kupewa?

Pofuna kupewa ejection jointless njanji kusunga zinthu kutentha pamene kuika njanji. Choncho, mbuyo kusiyana kukula ayenera kuikidwa kudalira okhwima pa tsamba magetsi. Mu gawo pakati mosalekeza welded njanji njanji chikwapu immobile. Only malekezero akhoza adzafupikitsidwa kapena lengthened. Voteji amene amapezeka mu gawo n'kupuma wa njanji ndi ufulu wodzilamulira cha kutalika kapena mtundu wa njanji.

Kusintha kwake chimayambitsa kutentha. Pachifukwa ichi, chotchinga chikwapu kuti atathana ndi osiyanasiyana kutentha. Last masamu malingana ndi njira ya bata ndi mphamvu ya zii. nkhawa kololeka ya psinjika ndi mavuto zizigwirizana kusintha kutentha. Pali kachitidwe wapadera, amene angathe kudziwa osachepera ndi kutentha pazipita. Ntchito ziyenera kuperekedwa pa kutentha chotchinga Chofanana wachitatu kumtunda kwa imeneyi Calculated. Ngati zinthu zosiyana momwe akadakwanitsira njanji wothamanga kutalika zimasiyanasiyana mokakamiza hayidiroliki tensioner. Choncho njanji umayamba ndi kutentha ankafuna.

zinthu chokhwima

Ngati masamu kutentha osiyanasiyana m'munsimu 10 ° C kapena zoipa, ntchito wotsatira wa njanji ndi Zimatheka ndi kukha nthawi voteji.

Kuti tichite zimenezi, ulumikize zokwanira chikwapu. Mu mapangidwe amenewa, njanji akhoza m'malo nthawi ndi nthawi kapena lalifupi. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zokwanira.

kafukufuku

dziko anaona amasulidwe njira ya umodzi. Anthu kale anakumana ndi zotsatira zake. Mu Russia, limodzi la mabungwe a Samara GUPS anamanga ndi kudutsa maimidwe mayeso pa zomwe ophunzira akhoza kuchita kompyuta kuti njira umuna, chimene chiri chofunika kwambiri kuphunzira zodabwitsazi choopsa. Maphunziro University polygon zikuphatikizapo njanji kutalika 70 mamita ndi pamapindikira utali wozungulira wa mamita 400. Mothandizidwa ndi zonenepa hayidiroliki angalenge katundu wa matani mpaka 300, anapereka zolakwika zosiyanasiyana zomwe zili mu njanji ndi mbiri, m'mikhalidwe aliyense katundu ndi umuna kumachitika. Pamene ndondomeko izi zimachitika yomanga weniweni.