Acetylene: ntchito mankhwala, mafakitale,

Acetylene amatanthauza chimasanduka unsaturated zino. pawiri izi, ndi homologs zosiyanasiyana kutumikira zipangizo monga yaiwisi kaphatikizidwe ndalama zambiri mankhwala.

Katundu ndi kupanga acetylene

Mu zikhalidwe za kuthamanga mumlengalenga ndi kutentha yachibadwa, acetylene ndi mpweya colorless. Ngati kutentha ndi adatchithisira kuti mtengo madigiri -85 ndipo tsitsa mu pawiri wina wa boma - olimba. Mu mawonekedwe a mibulu. Onani kuti boma acetylene madzi ndi olimba mosavuta amaphulika pansi zotsatira za mikangano kapena amadza (mawotchi kapena hayidiroliki). Mundawu makamaka amasankha malo ake a ntchito. Acetylene kuyaka anachita amapezeka mu kukhalapo kwa mpweya. Chifukwa cha ndondomekoyi pali lawi, yodziwika ndi zizindikiro kutentha apamwamba (3150 madigiri) poyerekeza ndi zina mafuta.

Kupanga njira zofunika ndi zimene acetylene, imene ZINTHU kashiamu carbide ndi madzi. Zimenezi atuluka pa kutentha pafupifupi 2000 madigiri zizindikiro ndi endothermic.

Pali chinthu monga linanena bungwe la acetylene. Ichi ndi kuchuluka amene anamasulidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa makilogalamu 1 kashiamu carbide. GOST 1460-56 waika mfundo zenizeni anapatsidwa phindu, lomwe ndi ntchito mwachindunji kwa mlingo wa granulation wa choyambira. Choncho, zotsatira za ochepa tinthu kukula kwa carbide kashiamu ndi kuchepetsa zokolola acetylene.

chitsanzo chimenechi ndiyo chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa particles chabwino carbide zosafunika, mwachitsanzo kashiamu okusayidi.

Pali zina, kupatula bulky, mtengo ndi mphamvu kwambiri njira yopangira acetylene. Mwachitsanzo, matenthedwe-zobwera chifukwa cha okosijeni dziko pyrolysis zimene gasi; kuwonongeka kwa mafuta a nyali ndi mafuta ena mwa elektropiroliza.

Yosungirako ndi zoyendera

njira yonse yosungirako ndi zoyendera kupereka ntchito zonenepa. Ali odzazidwa ndi kulemera wapadera wa kugwirizana porous. Iwo impregnated ndi kafungo kabwino, amene mosavuta amasungunula acetylene. Ntchito njira imeneyi mukhoza kwambiri pa kukhalamo wa yamphamvu ndi acetylene ndi, Chofunika, Sachita explosiveness ake.

Yaitali kukhudzana a acetylene ndi zitsulo monga mkuwa, siliva, achuluke explosivity ake. Choncho, impermissible ntchito zipangizo kuti mwina akupanga zitsulo awa, monga mavavu.

Childs, zonenepa kuyenera mavavu yapadera, cholinga mwachindunji kusungiramo acetylene.

ntchito mokwanira luso lonse yamphamvu chingapezeke mwa kasungidwe muli kanthu kuti acetone anawagawira mu buku la chidebe. Ndipo zimenezi zimatheka mu malo yopingasa. Kudzazidwa yamphamvu ayenera kutenga malo pang'onopang'ono, chimene chiri chofunika kwa kugwilizana ndi zikhalidwe za mankhwala anachita Kutha acetylene mu acetone, makamaka liwiro lake.

Ubwino kusungunuka acetylene

Ubwino waukulu wa acetylene kusungunuka mawa, ndipo kukonzekera ntchito jenereta kunyamula kashiamu carbide, ndi kuti yamphamvu ntchito akuwonjezeka kuwotcherera ntchito pafupifupi 20%, ndipo m'mene imfa acetylene yafupika ndi 25%. Tiyeneranso otchulidwa kuenjezera liwiro ndi maneuverability cha siteshoni kuwotcherera, chitetezo. Mosiyana ndi mpweya kuwapeza kashiamu carbide kusungunuka acetylene lili zayamba zochepa nkhani yachilendo, i.e. zosafunika, kuti angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwotcherera yovuta kwambiri.

ofunsira Main wa acetylene

• Kuwotcherera ndi kudula zitsulo.
• Ntchito monga gwero la kuwala, kuwala koyera. Pankhaniyi ndi funso la acetylene, lokonzedwa ndi yatikhudza kashiamu carbide ndi madzi. Iwo amagwiritsa kudzikonda zili luminaires.
• Kupanga mabomba.
• The yokonza mankhwala ena ndi zipangizo zimene muli asidi acetic, ethyl mowa, solvents, mapulasitiki, labala, chimasanduka onunkhira.

Acetylene: ntchito pomanga ndi makampani

Autogenous kuwotcherera ndiponso kutsagana pafupifupi onse magawo a zomangamanga. Ndi mu mitundu ya ntchito ntchito acetylene. Mu chipangizo wakupambulika dzinache mpweya burner ali osokonezeka mwachindunji ndi kuyaka zimachitika palokha. Kutentha apamwamba zotani kukufika pamene zili acetylene 45% ya okwana buku chidebe.

Zonenepa ndi mpweya izi amalembedwa motere: papezeka woyera ndi wofiira zilembo zikuluzikulu Akutsatira akuti: "acetylene"

Yomanga ntchito akutsatiridwa makamaka panja. Ntchito acetylene ndi homologues ake zinthu izi sayenera kutenga malo pansi dzuwa. yopuma Short ayenera limodzi ndi alipo kuli nthambi pa burner, ndi yaitali - ndi alipo kuli nthambi pa zonenepa okha.

Makampani mankhwala kwambiri mu ankafuna acetylene. tanthauzo lake ndi ntchito mankhwala pa yokonza kaphatikizidwe organic. Izi mphira kupanga, mapulasitiki, solvents, asidi acetic, etc.

Acetylene ndi mafuta konsekonse, kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito njira zokhudza processing gasi lawi. Nkofunika kuti ntchito acetylene makampani n'chotheka phunziro kwa kukhwimitsa chitetezo, chifukwa mpweya ndi zachiwawa.

carbide nyali

Dzina "carbide nyale" chifukwa ntchito monga lotseguka lawi ndege combusted kuwala gwero la acetylene. Ndi chifukwa chake akamagwira yatikhudza kashiamu carbide ndi madzi.

nyali awa anali ofanana m'mbuyomu. Iwo Tingaone pa ngolo, ndi magalimoto ngakhale njinga. Mu masiku ano carbide nyali ntchito kokha ngati kukufunikira wamphamvu kumbali-yekha fixture. Choncho, cavers zambiri ntchito iwo. Kumalekezero ankayatsa kotunga nyali ngati ndi zoona, mtundu wa kuunikira bwino kwambiri kuposa mwachidule mphamvu mizere. zachilendo ndi ntchito nyali izi ziwiya kwambiri madzi.

Acetylene: ntchito mankhwala

Monga ntchito mankhwala m'dera lino? General ochititsa dzanzi kumafuna ntchito alkynes. Acetylene ndi imodzi mwa mipweya imeneyo, amene ntchito inhalation ochititsa dzanzi. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ngati zoterozo kalelo. Tsopano pali zambiri zamakono ndi otetezeka njira ya mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi.

Ngakhale tisaiwale kuti ntchito za kuopsa acetylene osati lalikulu, ngati pamaso pa mtengo wa ndende wake mu mlengalenga Mpweya kufika malire oopsa, m'munsi flammability pakhomo wadutsa.

The chikhalidwe zofunika kwambiri ntchito mpweya umenewu ndi mwambo wa miyeso chitetezo. N'zovuta overstate acetylene mmene oopsa. ntchito zake n'chotheka pambuyo briefings zonse zofunikira ndi antchito a m'madera osiyana imene imagwiritsidwa ntchito.