Zofunika mowa pa 1 M3 konkire, momwe akadakwanitsira zinthu mchimake mawerengedwe ndi ayamikira

Pantchitoyo mlingo uliwonse, kuchokera inawomba nyumba yaitali m'dziko nyumba, simungakhoze kuchita popanda konkire. Nkhanizi ntchito kudzaza maziko, erection makoma pomanga monolithic, chipangizo Pansi ndi screeds ku njerwa ndi zina yokumba mwala. Kukonzekera konkire mu chiwerengero lamanja, anapereka durability ndi mphamvu ya nyumba, komanso kupewa ndalama zosafunika zakuthupi.

The zikuchokera konkire

Pankhani losavuta konkire tichipeza zigawo zitatu:

• Binder.
• Pongotayira.
• Madzi.

Zofunika mowa pa 1 M3 konkire zimadalira katundu wa zinthuzi. Monga binder ntchito yopanga osakaniza kupanga m'pamene M100-M600 mphamvu. Pamene wothira madzi, ndipamene misa viscous amene anapanga pa solidification la mwala yokumba. Paudindo filler mchenga ntchito kapena osiyana mitundu ya miyala. Zimenezi mphamvu ya njira achisanu monga pamwambapa miyala mphamvu mphamvu simenti. Komanso, ntchito filler kumachepetsa shrinkage wa osakaniza simenti.

Kuwonjezera zigawo zikuluzikulu, mu zikuchokera konkire monga zina zosiyanasiyana, kupereka yankho la katundu zina: kukana ozizira, madzi kukana, mtundu ndi zina zotero.

Adakhumba mowa zinthu pa 1m3 konkire - miyala, simenti, mchenga - anatsimikiza ku zofunika ntchito ya kusakaniza.

Makhalidwe chachikulu cha konkire

Khalidwe lofunika kwambiri konkire - mphamvu yake compressive. Modalira mphamvu kalasi olimba. Amaimira English kalata "B" ndi mawerengero lolingana chitsanzo MPa mphamvu. Wobala makalasi konkire ku V3,5 kuti B80, okonza yapachiweniweni kwambiri applicable njira B15 - B30. Kuwonjezera makalasi, kusonyeza mphamvu ya mtundu angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Amaimira Latin kalata "M" ndipo chiwerengero lolingana mphamvu mu makilogalamu / masentimita sq. Makalasi ndi mtundu m'malo molondola zokhudzana ndi mzake, mwachitsanzo, M200 njira akukumana Maphunziro B15 ndiponso M300 kalasi V22,5.

Zofunika mowa pa 1 M3 konkire akhoza zimasiyana kwambiri malingana ndi kufunika kalasi kapena kalasi njira.

Tikumbukenso kuti leni kalasi konkire anatsimikiza yekha zasayansi pa masiku 28. Choncho, ngati kuli kofunika kudziwadi wodzipangitsa osakaniza, pa siteji ya workpiece ndi kuponyedwa zitsanzo zingapo - cubes kapena zonenepa la mamilimita 100 kutalika. N'zotheka kudziwa mphamvu konkire ndi malangizo njira kapena nyundo Kashkarova, koma njira awa sakhala zolondola.

Kusankha kalasi chofunika konkire

Kalasi zinafunika konkire tidzakwatulidwa kutchulidwa kapangidwe zolembedwa kwa pomanga ntchito. Ngati yomanga ikuchitika okha, tiyenera chimatanthauza mtundu mix, monga pamlingo waukulu bwanji mphamvu ndi kufunika kwa nyumba kapena dongosolo kuti inaimika.

Pangano la zopangidwa ambiri konkire wapatsidwa pansipa.

• M100 - amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa maziko chipangizo unsembe parebrikov, ang'ono mitundu mapulani;
• M150 - ntchito m'mayendedwe chipangizo kuchotsa amathandiza m'makola mwawo;
• M200 - kwa erection makoma, makumbi;
• M250 - zotsimikizira zapansi monolithic, grills, slabs maziko, mopepuka yodzaza slabs, mapazi, kusunga makoma ;
• M300 - kwa nyumba iliyonse yodzaza: makoma, pansi panyumba maziko;
• M350 - kubala makoma, mizati, slabs, matabwa, maziko olimba.

mchenga magawo

Kuti akonze njira ntchito mchenga wa magwero osiyanasiyana: miyala kapena mtsinje. Lachiwiri kwambiri poyerekeza chifukwa ali ndi akuluakulu granule kukula ndi lilibe zosafunika. Dzenje mchenga zingasiyane awo yogawa tinthu kukula. Makamaka, ntchito mchenga ndi sing'anga ndi kukula granules lalikulu. Popeza mchenga miyala akhoza wapangidwa ndi dongo kapena zinyalala zina Ndi bwino kuti asiyanitse kupyolera.

Nkofunika kwambiri kulabadira mnyontho mchenga. Malinga nambala iyi ayenera zidzawonjezedwa kwa kusintha osakaniza madzi. Polingalira mnyontho ndi tinthu kukula kufalitsa kachulukidwe zambiri za mchenga siyana kuchokera 1.3 kuti 1,9 T / Cu m, m'pofunika kuganizira kuwerengetsa kumwa zipangizo pa 1 M3 konkire.

Kusankha chomenyedwa

Atavutika konkire osakaniza ongokhala konkire kumawonjezera mphamvu ndi amachepetsa shrinkage ake pa solidification. Posankha zofunika kwambiri ndi miyala kachigawo ndi chiyambi chake.

Pomanga ntchito miyala tuzigawo twa:

• 5 mpaka 20 mamilimita;
• 20 mpaka 40 mamilimita;
• kuchokera mamilimita 40 70.

Malinga yaiwisi mwala wosweka zimagawidwa m'magulu:

• Miyala, zochokera miyala nyanja.
• Wa anatsuka miyala zinyalala.
• Miyalayo opangidwa mwa kuphwanya lubwe-gneiss ndi lubwe thanthwe.

Chapamwamba ntchito mphamvu ali lubwe chomenyedwa, ngati konkire ya zakonzedwa kwa nyumba yovuta - maziko, mizati, kudenga, ndi bwino ntchito. M'pofunika tisaiwale kuti chomenyedwa ntchito sayenera muli zosafunika, makamaka dongo.

madzi simenti chiŵerengero

Pamene wobala konkire mtengo choyamba ndi chiŵerengero cha simenti ndi madzi. Madzi ndi koyenera kuti mankhwala anachita simenti hydration, zikubweretsa mapangidwe mwala simenti. chiŵerengero Izi crucially ndiyo kalasi ya konkire Kusakaniza. Nkofunika kuganizira mtundu tsementa.Chem m'munsi madzi simenti chiŵerengero, mphamvu konkire. Chiŵerengero osachepera wofunikila hydration a simenti ndi 0.2. Zochita ntchito simenti ndi madzi polimbikitsa chiŵerengero 0.3-0.5. Zosakaniza ndi mkulu chiŵerengero madzi simenti ndi pafupifupi osati ntchito.

Khama la simenti kufanana mix

Monga ulamuliro, kwa yokonza simenti konkire ntchito zizindikiro M400 ndipo M500. Zochita kudziwa kumwa simenti pa 1m3 konkire ntchito tebulo zotsatirazi.

deta Awa ndi zinthu zachilendo kutentha ndi chinyezi, komanso simenti, magawo amene akufanana ndi amene anasonyeza pa phukusi. Mu moyo weniweni, ayenera kupereka simenti owonjezera ndi 10-15%.

Komanso, malinga ndi kuchuluka kudziwika simenti masamu nkhani mowa 1m3 simenti, chiwerengero akadakwanitsira simenti kuti mchenga ndi miyala zikusonyezedwa tebulo.

Mwachitsanzo, kumwa zinthu pa 1 M3 la M200 simenti ndi: simenti mtundu M500 - 240 makilogalamu Sand - makilogalamu 576, wosweka mwala - 984 makilogalamu Water - malita 120.

Kupanga konkire

Pamene mabuku lalikulu konkire ntchito izo m'pofunika kugula okonzeka kupanga konkire zomera pa yapafupi chosakanizira yobereka. Mafakitale mitengo mowa zipangizo pa 1 M3 konkire imapachikidwa mokwanira kwambiri. Ngati zimenezi sizingatheke, mukhoza kukonza chofunika kuchuluka kwa osakaniza ndi kunyumba. Nkofunika bwino ganizilani maluso awo - concreting dongosolo osiyana ayenera ikuchitika amapita limodzi.

Pamaso kusakaniza osakaniza kudziwa mowa zinthu pa 1m3 konkire. The mawerengedwe a mlingo wa otaya si kwenikweni zokwanira ntchito tebulo pansipa.

osakaniza zakonzedwa mu yowona chosakanizira lolingana kuchuluka, atagona mu magawo metered simenti youma, mchenga ndi sieved schebonki. Madzi ayenera zidzawonjezedwa mu zigawo mu kukhota lomaliza.

zina

Kuwonjezera pa m'nyanjazi waukulu zina konkire akuwonjezeka zolinga zosiyanasiyana:

• Modifiers. Iwo apangidwa kusintha mphamvu ndi kuonjezera chisanu kukana konkire.
• Plasticizers. Kuonjezera sayenda ndi waterproofness kusakaniza.
• Owongolera kuyenda. Imafika kolowera nthawi, kukhalabe kuyenda mu zoyendera.
• Antimoroznye zina. Amapereka kumvetsa zimene zimachitika pa yankho pa otsika kutentha pansi digiri 20 opanda.
• Accelerator. Zomwe liwiro kolowera powapatsa akuchiritsa yachangu pa tsiku loyamba.

Mu ntchito zina, kumwa zinthu pa 1 M3 konkire tiyenera kuyesetsa kutenga nkhani ya malangizo a Mlengi. Kuphwanya malangizo ntchito mukhoza kukhala ndithu ufalikire.