Zitsulo Amphoteric ndi katundu

zitsulo Amphoteric - ndi zinthu zosavuta mu dongosolo, mankhwala ndi thupi katundu ofanana ndi a zachitsulo mchitidwe gulu. Paokha, zitsulo sangakhale amphoteric katundu, mosiyana ndi mankhwala awo. Mwachitsanzo, oxides ndi hydroxides zitsulo zina ndi wapawiri mankhwala chikhalidwe - zinthu zina zinthu ngati zidulo ndi kukhala katundu alkalis ena.

Kuweta amphoteric zitsulo - ndi zotayidwa, nthaka, chromium, ndi chitsulo. Gulu la zinthu monga beryllium ndi strontium.

Kodi amphoteric?

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, katundu uyu anatulukira kalekale. Ndipo mawu akuti "zinthu amphoteric" kunayamba mu 1814 mu sayansi ndi odziwika akatswiri thenar ndi L. J. Gay-Lussac. Mu masiku amenewo, mankhwala ntchito m'magulu amene anakomana katundu pamoyo pa zotani.

Komabe, gulu la oxides ndi zapansi adzalandira mphamvu wapawiri. Pansi pa mangawa, zinthu zina zinthu monga soda ena M'malo mwake, zinthu monga zidulo. Kuti mawu akuti "amphoteric" ndi zina anawuka. Pakuti awa mankhwala khalidwe pa asidi-m'munsi anachita zimadalira zikhalidwe za kukhazikitsa, chikhalidwe cha reactants zinakhalira komanso katundu wa zosungunulira lapansi.

N'zochititsa chidwi mu pompo-pompo zitsulo amphoteric akhoza kupereka ndi anthu soda ndi acid. Mwachitsanzo, pamene anachita ndi aluminum asidi sulphate opangidwa zotayidwa sulphate. Ndipo anachita chimodzimodzi ndi amphamvu soda zitsulo zovuta mchere aumbike.

zapansi Amphoteric ndi katundu pamoyo

M'mikhalidwe wabwinobwino, zolimba izi. Iwo pafupifupi musati kupasuka mu madzi ndi amaonedwa electrolytes m'malo ofooka.

The njira zofunika chopezera zapansi ngati - chitsulo mchere ndi anachita ndi pang'ono soda. Chamvula anachita ayenera ikuchitika pang'onopang'ono mosamala. Mwachitsanzo, pokonza hydroxide nthaka mu mayeso chubu ndi mankhwala enaake nthaka mosamala anawonjezera ndi sodium hydroxide dropwise. Nthawi iliyonse muyenera pang'ono kugwedeza chidebe kuona zitsulo chitayiko woyera pansi pa mbale.

Ndi zidulo ndi oxides asidi zinthu amphoteric tidzachita monga m'munsi a. Mwachitsanzo, zimene hydroxide nthaka ndi acid amathiridwa aumbike mwa mankhwala enaake nthaka.

Koma pa zochita ndi zapansi zapansi amphoteric zinthu ngati zidulo.

Komanso, pamene amphamvu Kutentha hydroxides amphoteric ali decomposed kupanga lolingana amphoteric okusayidi ndi madzi.

Ambiri zitsulo amphoteric: kufotokoza mwachidule

Nthaka amatanthauza gulu la zinthu amphoteric. Ngakhale kasakaniza wazitsulo chuma ichi chakhala ankagwiritsa ntchito mu chitukuko wakale, mu maonekedwe ake angwiro zikhoza kuzindikiridwa yekha mu 1746.

Zitsulo koyera mokwanira Chimaona zinthu bluish mtundu. Mu mlengalenga mofulumira oxidized nthaka - dims padziko lonse filimu zonyalazo okusayidi.

Mu chikhalidwe, nthaka alipo ambiri mu mawonekedwe a mchere - zincite, smithsonite, Calamita. Nkhani odziwika bwino - blende ichi, chomwe nthaka sulfide. The madipoziti yaikulu ya mchere izi zimapezeka Bolivia ndi Australia.

Zotayidwa ndi lero ankaona zitsulo wambiri pa dziko. kasakaniza wazitsulo ake akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo mu 1825 thunthu anali olekanitsidwa mu mawonekedwe woyera.

Koyera zotayidwa ndi opepuka zitsulo siliva. Iye mosavuta machined ndi kuponyera. mchitidwe uwu ali mkulu magetsi ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe. Komanso, zitsulo izi kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri. chakuti padziko aphimbidwa ndi wochepa thupi koma kugonjetsedwa kwambiri okusayidi filimu.

Pakali pano, zotayidwa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makampani.