Zinthu zamoyo Nyanja Barents: makhalidwe, mbali ndi mafotokozedwe

Nyanja Barents ili m'mbali mwa nyanja ya Ocean Arctic ndipo amachapa Norway ndi Russia. Dzinali analandiracho mu 1853 ndi Willem Barents, amene anali Dutch kuyenda panyanja. Kuphunzira ichi thupi madzi inayamba mu 1821, koma choyamba mapangidwe wathunthu anapanga okha pa chiyambi cha zaka mazana makumi awiri. Koma kodi wapadera za iwo ndi zomwe chuma zamoyo Nyanja Barents?

malo Hrs

Monga tanenera kale, Barents Nyanja - mumzinda wa nyanja ochepa kwambiri pa dziko, kumene izo ndi wosiyana chilumba (Spitsbergen, Vaigach, Franz Josef Land, Novaya Zemlya ndi Nyamuliranani). Komanso, ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ziwiri - White ndi Kara. Kum'mwera padoko kwambiri indented, ali ovuta ambiri akuluakulu ndi Magombe Fjord, wapamwamba umene imatengedwa Varangian, Porsangerfjord, Kola ndi Motovsky. Koma kum'mawa zinthu zosiyana kwambiri: gombe amakhala m'munsi ndi pang'ono indented. Osaya Magombe, yaikulu ya iwo - Khaipudyrskaya, Czech ndi Pechora mlomo. Nyanja Barents si wolemera kwambiri pachilumbachi. Yaikulu ndi chilumba cha Kolguev.

hydrology

chuma madzi mu Nyanja Barents mowirikiza kudzadza ndi mitsinje iwiri ikuluikulu - ndi enaake ndi Pechora. The madzi mu nyanja, ndicho padziko zonse zoyenda. Wasefukira bwalo counterclockwise. M'chigawo chapakati pa nyanja, asayansi anatulukira ka mafunde. Kusintha chisokonezo izi angayambe mchikakamizo cha kuwombola madzi ndi nyanja ina, komanso kusintha mu mphepo malangizo. Kwambiri zochita pa mbali mwa nyanja ndi kuwatayira-osefukira mafunde. Muzipezanso mu Nyanja Barents ndipo anathandiza mu madzi m'nyanja ozungulira. Buku okwana madzi amene anasamutsidwa pakati pa chaka, wofanana ¼ madzimadzi okwana mu nkhokwe ili.

deta Geological

Nyanja Barents lagona pa alumali chokhala. Chimasiyanitsa izo ku malo ofanana kuti ndi zachilendo pakuya mamita 300-400, koma pafupifupi imatengedwa - 222 m, ndi pazipita - 600 mamita pansi pa malo a munthu wakufayo :. Apa mutha kuona chigwa (chapakati Plateau), ndi maganizo (Central, pazipita kuya - 386 m) ndi okwera (Perseus pazipita kuya - 63 m), ndi ufa (West 600 mamita mwakuya, ndi Franz-Victoria - 430 m). Phimbani pansi kum'mwera kwa ambiri mchenga, nthawi zina mungapeze miyala ndi timiyala. Mu mbali kumpoto ndi pakati pa matope wamba ndi mchenga. Mbali zonse ndipo pali kusakanizikana wa zinyalala, chifukwa pali wamba wakale glacial madipoziti.

nyengo

Nyengo mderali zimakhudza ziwiri zosiyana zinthu kutentha kwa nyanja - Atlantic ndi Arctic. Kawirikawiri taphunzira zowononga ofunda umayenda ozizira mpweya, imbaenda Kusakhazikika kwa nyengo. Ikufotokozanso kuti mikuntho si zachilendo apa. Kutentha pafupifupi ndi osiyana kwambiri mu madera osiyana a nyanja Mwachitsanzo, mu February, kumpoto iwo akhoza kugwera kuti -25, ndi cha kum'mwera basi kukhala madigiri -4. Mmenenso zilili mu August - kumpoto - kuchokera 0 mlingo 1, kum'mwera-kum'mawa - mpaka 10. nyengo ndi nthawi mitambo, dzuwa sukhoza kutuluka sikawirikawiri, ndiyeno yekha kwa maola angapo. nyengo ili ndi zotsatira za Barents mkulu iciness. Only kum'mwera chakumadzulo mbali ya midadada nthawi wotanganidwa chisanu. Mu April, ndi kuzizira nsonga, ndicho 75% ya mosungiramo wotanganidwa ndi ayezi akuyandama.

zinthu zamoyo Nyanja Barents

The zosiyanasiyana nyama ndi zomera mu nkhokwe ili ndi lalikulu kwambiri, zonsezi amapereka moyo kwa benthos ndi zomera. Benthos - ndi zamoyo chabe amene amakhala mu mchenga pa nyanja. Izi zikuphatikizapo nyama ndi zomera. Ndi zoobenthos monga starfish, stingrays, scallops, nkhanu, nkhono ndi zina. Ndi Phytobenthos zosiyanasiyana algae zimene ndinazolowera moyo popanda dzuwa. Zomera - zosiyanasiyana zamoyo yaing'ono kuti tiwolokere momasuka madzi ndi sangathe kusonyeza ena kukana kuyenda. Izi zikuphatikizapo mabakiteriya mitundu ka Seaweed, nkhono, nsomba mphutsi ndi invertebrates. Chomera chuma cha Barents Nyanja ambiri ndi osauka kwambiri, monga lili kumpoto Arctic. Osowa kapena pangozi mitundu sapezeka. Macroalgae kuchuluka kwa mitundu (194) moyo pa gombe Murmansk. Asayansi apeza kuno 75 wofiira, 39 wobiriwira ndi 80 subspecies a bulauni.

moyo m'madzi

Nsomba za chuma Barents Nyanja ndi okwanira. Choncho, bwino anayamba nsomba. Ngakhale asayansi anayesedwa 114 mitundu, koma zofunika kwambiri poyerekezera ndi nsomba amaonedwa 20. Izi hering'i, haddock, mlamba, nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere, m'nyanja zikuluzikulu redfish, fulonda, ndi ena, koma nsomba amapanga 80% ya nsomba onse a "alenje" m'deralo. Kuti zimaswana iwo amapita ku gombe la Norway, ndipo wakula mwachangu kusambira mu malo nyanja. Arctic nsomba ndi kuligonjetsa chirengedwe cha Nyanja Barents. Izi duwa m'nyanja zikuluzikulu hering'i malopozvonochnaya fulonda kumalo ozizira, Greenland nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere, nsombazi kumalo ozizira ndi smelt. Koma mtengo wapadera sali nsomba.

Nyama ndi mbalame

chuma Tizilombo wa Barents Nyanja ndi nyama kufufuma. Iwo agawidwa m'magulu atatu: pinnipeds, m'madzi zimakhala ndi nyama. Zoyambazo monga zeze chisindikizo kapena zeze chisindikizo, nyanja kalulu, walrus ringed chisindikizo, etc. Kuti wachiwiri - .. Beluga, Belobokov dolphin anakudzula, zeze chinsomba wakupha chinsomba, etc. Mwa wachitatu -. Chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira kuti Russian kutchulidwa Red buku. Resources mu Nyanja Barents mwa nyama chidwi nsomba, ndicho kugwira zisindikizo. Coast wa posungira ladzala ndi madera mbalame, ndiko kuti, lalikulu atsamunda kukaikira mazira. Pano mukhoza kupeza tiyi, kittiwake, Guillemot ndi wakuda Guillemot.

zachilengedwe

chuma Barents Nyanja ndi mavuto malo mosamala kwambiri zokhudzana, kuyambira kwambiri alowererepo anthu chilengedwe nthawi zonse ndi zotsatira chowawa. Zachilengedwe kuti malo awa ndi wapadera chifukwa chakuti bwino nyanja, kuzungulira Europe ndi simudzapeza. Koma pali ndithu vuto lalikulu - poaching. Kupha nsomba mosakaza kumayambitsa kutha kwa mitundu ndi chisokonezo a muyezo wa konsekonse. Norway ndi Russia kuti zikuchepa kubisa kuphwanya malamulo amene Akamatere. Wina wa Nyanja Barents ndi chuma cha mafuta ndiponso gasi. Ndipo sagwiritsa ntchito anthu awa sakanakhoza. Choncho, nthawi zambiri pali mpweya "golide wakuda" mu misa madzi, zimene zimawononga kwambiri zotsatira pa nyama zonse.

Komanso wapadera ndi malo a nyanja. Choncho, Fund Mayiko kwa Nature anachenjeza kuti kulakwitsa pang'ono pa kupanga kapena zoyendera wa mafuta okumba pansi kungachititse kuti kuwononga chilengedwe. Ngati pali vuto zimenezi, zaka 30 ndi ntchito mwakhama sadzakhala zotheka kwathunthu kuthetsa mavuto onse. Ndipotu, zinthu ndi kuwonjezera mfundo yakuti otsika kutentha salola mabakiteriya kuchulukana, kutanthauza kuti zachilengedwe kuyeretsa limagwirira si ntchito. Izi ndi zofunika kuziganiza.

Choncho, mu Nyanja Barents - madzi wapadera thupi, amene ayenera kutetezedwa. Malowa wolemera nsomba ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe, komanso zinthu zina zachilengedwe, zomwe akuupereka tanthauzo kwambiri.