Zinayi chambered mtima achule ndi zokwawa: Zitsanzo

dziko lathu kuli anthu nyama za magulu osiyanasiyana, magulu ndi mitundu. Asayansi akufufuza dongosolo lawo ndi tanthauzo zinchito ziwalo payekha. Za mtundu wa mtima wa achule ndi zokwawa, kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Pamene mitima ya zipinda zitatu wakhala Quad?

Inakhala landfall chifukwa chakuti kupuma awo m'mapapo mwanga chinayamba intensively. Mitsempha ya magazi ayamba kumanganso. Nsomba, kupuma ndi makutu, ndi bwalo la magazi, mitima yawo imakhala ndi makamera awiri okha. Iwo sangakhoze zapamtunda.

Three- kapena zinayi chambered mtima lapadziko inakhala. Iwo yodziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa makope awiri. malo awo mpaka kalekale - m'dziko. Thupi ndi zipinda zitatu ndi achule ndi zokwawa. Ngakhale Mitundu ina zapoizoni pali chosakwanira magawano ake m'magulu anayi. Kukula kwa mtima zinayi chambered m'kati kusanduka zinachitika mu kufanana mu nyama, mbalame ndi ng'ona.

Zokwawa ndipo achule

makalasi awiri awa a nyama kupezeka kwa m'matumba awiri magazi ndi mtima, wopangidwa mwa zipinda zitatu. chokwawa chimodzi chokha ali ndi chilema, koma ali anayi zipinda mtima. ng'ona izi. Full mtima limba choyamba anaonekera nyama achikale. M'tsogolo, mtima ndi kapangidwe tinatengera kwa mbumba ya zinyamazi wa - mbalame. Iwo anatengera nyama ano.

mbalame

Kodi zinayi chambered mtima mbalame. Mbalame amasiyana kotheratu dissociation kufalitsidwa: zazikulu, monga munthu, pamene palibe kusanganikirana magazi - wolumikizira ndi venous. The lamanja ndi lamanzere theka thupi kwathunthu.

Mbalame zinayi chambered mtima, akuphatikizapo ukufanizidwa ndi atria ziwiri ventricles wa yofanana. The ventricle amalandira magazi deoxygenated ku atrium bwino. Kwa izo pali kumaliseche kwa mtsempha wamagazi m'mapapo mwanga, amene lagawidwa nthambi lamanzere ndi lamanja. Motero, mwazi venous ali m'mapapo lolingana. Panthawi imeneyi magazi mosavuta oxidized ndi akulowa atrium kumanzere. Akutchedwa makope bwalo wake wamng'ono.

A bwalo lalikulu la magazi zimachokera ku ventricle kumanzere. Iwo anachoka ku chidebe umodzi, wotchedwa ufulu kung'ambika Chipilala, ndiwo yomweyo pambuyo pake mtima alekanitsa mtsempha wamagazi awiri innominate: lamanzere ndi lamanja. The msempha chomwecho chikuchitika mu bronchus lamanja ndi malo m'munda likufanana ndi ndime vertebral mu mphamvu ya dorsal msempha. Aliyense mtsempha wamagazi innominate lagawidwa ndi carotid ndi subclavian. Woyamba amapita ku mutu, ndipo chachiwiri kachiwiri ogaŵikana chifuwa ndi phewa. Kuchokera dorsal msempha achoke mitsempha lalikulu. Wapamwamba kuposa aliyense lakonzedwa kupereka m'mimba ndipo matumbo ndi mwazi, ndipo awiri - nthambi yakumbuyo, ziwalo m'chiuno ndi minofu m'mimba khoma.

Zinayi mtima kuti mbalame, izo amakhala kuti kayendedwe ka magazi a mbalame ikuchitika makamaka kudzera zipangizo miyeso lalikulu, ndi mbali yaing'ono chabe ya izo zipita capillaries ndi aimpso. Mbalame amasiyana pamaso pa mtima lalikulu ndi mabala pafupipafupi ndi kulowa m'matupi mwa yekha magazi oyera wolumikizira. Zimenezi zinathandiza n'kulemba mbalame nyama magazi ofunda.

Mitsempha ya magazi a nyama

Mu nyama, zinayi chambered mtima wa munthu kapena mbalame. mapangidwe ake kulekana lathunthu la mabwalo magazi chifukwa cha kufunikira kwake kwa chitukuko cha makhalidwe monga otentha bloodedness. Zimenezi zalongosoledwa motere: nyama magazi ofunda ndi kufunika zonse kwa mpweya, okhoza kukumana kokha magazi oyera a mitsempha ndi zambiri oxygen. Kupereka thupi lake ndi yekhayo angathe mtima zinayi chambered. A magazi wosanganiza wa inakhala, imene mtima ali zipinda zitatu, sangathe kupereka kutentha anakhumba thupi. Choncho, nyama zimenezi zimatchedwa mwankhanzaku.

Chifukwa magazi si kusakaniza partitions zonse. Great makope bwalo umayenda yekha wolumikizira magazi, amene mmene anakhumba kupereka ziwalo zonse za nyama, amene amathandiza kufulumizitsa kagayidwe. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti akhalebe kutentha zonse. Zinayi chambered mtima ndi nyama, mbalame, ndi makalasi ena nyama imene ndi yofunika kwambiri kutentha okhazikika ndi khola thupi. Tsopano chilengedwe alibe mphamvu pa iwo.

abuluzi

Ndipotu mtima wa zokwawa awa ndi zipinda atria zitatu awiri ndi ventricle wina. Koma mfundo ya ntchito yake limachititsa amanena kuti mtima zinayi chambered ndi abuluzi. Malongosoledwe a zodabwitsazi ndi motere. Venous M'mimbamo ladzala ndi magazi mpweya wokwanira, ndilo gwero la ndalama atrium bwino. magazi wolumikizira limayenda ndi mpweya, izo umaperekedwa kwa atrium zosiyana.

M'mapapo mwanga mtsempha wamagazi ndi msempha, onse anafotokoza. Zingatanthauze kuti magazi ayenera bwinobwino osokonezeka. Koma izi sizichitika, chifukwa kukhalapo kwa minofu khumudwitsidwa molumikizana ndi kuchepetsa ziwiri gawo mu yamitsempha yamagazi ntchito mtima komanso kupewa zina magazi kusanganikirana. Lilipo, koma zedi ochepa. Kotero, molingana ndi phindu zinchito za abuluzi atatu chambered mtima ngati Quad lapansi.

zokwawa

Ng'ona ali ndi mtima zinayi chambered, koma chithandizo zotsatirazi magazi si kwathunthu ndi kugawa a. Mu zokwawa limba (mtima) Ndi udindo kupereka mphamvu lonse la m'thupi kudzera magazi, izo ali ndi dongosolo lapadera. Kuwonjezera mtsempha wamagazi ndi m'mapapo mwanga, anakafika ku ventricle kumanja, pali zina, kumanzere. Pa misa chachikulu cha magazi akulowa dongosolo m'mimba.

Pakati mitsempha awiri, lamanja ndi lamanzere, mtima wa ng'ona ali dzenje. Kudzera mwa iye, magazi kuchokera mu mitsempha ndi kupeza mu chithandizo chachikulu bwalo, ndi mosemphanitsa. Asayansi ankakhulupirira kuti mtima ali choyimira cha chokwawa Transitional paulendo wopita ku chitukuko cha mtima wodzala ndi zipinda zinayi monga nyama magazi ofunda. Koma izi sizili choncho.

akamba

Dongosolo Mitsempha ndi mtima zapoizoni izi ndi chimodzimodzi kuti zapoizoni ena: mtima ndi zipinda zitatu zolumikizana mtsempha ndi mtsempha wamagazi ndi. Zamkatimu zokwanira mpweya magazi kuchuluka pamene kuthamanga ukuwonjezeka kunja. Izi zingachitike pamene imadumphira m'madzimo uku ikukupiza nyama kapena kanthu mwamsanga. kugunda kwa mtima amachepetsa, pamene kwambiri kuwonjezeka mpweya ndende.

Ine zinayi chambered mtima akamba, ngakhale dongosolo thupi la thupi ali zipinda zitatu zokha. Popeza kuti mtima ndi osiyana kamba chosakwanira yamitsempha yamagazi mpanda amene ntchito magazi, ndi milingo yosiyanasiyana ya mpweya.