Wopitiriza chingwe panopa: katundu luso

Pamene chingwe mzere voteji umagwiritsidwa kwa iwo zakonzedwa anakonzeratu katundu panopa. Lamulo la ntchito luso malamulo kugwirizana ndi kutentha kutchinjiriza opanikizika mosalekeza. Ngati chingwe chovomerezeka mosalekeza panopa kuposa phindu malire, kudzakhala kutenthedwa ndi chiwonongeko cha zokutira zitsulo wosanjikiza ndi kuwonongeka kuipa. Choncho, katundu amusankha kuti amapatula ngozi matenthedwe kudzitsitsa wa zokutira zitsulo wosanjikiza.

chifukwa magetsi chingwe

Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwaiye pa ntchito chingwe amaperekedwa ndi:

- Q = I ² RN W / masentimita, kumene ine - katundu panopa, A; N - chiwerengero cha nkhosi; R - fundo, ohms.

Mawu akuti pamwamba ayenera kukhala, ndi apamwamba kulimbitsa panopa pa unsembe magetsi, zomwe olumikiza chingwe, m'pamenenso yotsirizira ndi mkangano. M'menemo mphamvu ankakhala moyo wotayirira mu mitsempha mu mawonekedwe a kutentha, ndi m'bwalo la katunduyo.

Kutentha madyaidya ndikuledzera ku chingwe ntchito

Kutentha kwa chingwe adzapitiriza kukula chifukwa chakuti kutentha ali kupita kwina. Momwe ndalama zimadalira kusiyana pakati pa chingwe ndi kutentha chilengedwe. M'kupita ndi mgwirizano, ndiponso kutentha kwa ochititsa akhale okhazikika.

Kodi kuwerengera mphamvu kololeka kutentha kwa Kutentha moyo panopa

Pamene kutentha katundu amakhala ofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa kutentha ankakhala moyo wotayirira ndi chingwe, ndi mode ntchito amakhala khola:

- P = θ / ΣS = ( T _× - T _{kumanyazi ndi m'nyozo)} / (ΣS), kumene θ - kutentha kusiyana pakati ndi chilengedwe, ⁰ C; T _yakumadzulo - T _{kumanyazi ndi m'nyozo} - kutentha masinthidwe amtundu, ⁰ C; ΣS - RTD chingwe.

Kutentha adzasiya chingwe ndi zazikulu bwino madutsidwe a sing'anga. Wopitiriza chingwe panopa kuchita masamu motere: I _dop = √ ((T _ext - T _{kumanyazi ndi m'nyozo)} / (RnΣS)), kumene T ndi _owonjezera moyo kololeka Kutentha kutentha (malingana ndi mtundu wa chingwe).

zinthu kutentha

Best wa onse, kutentha kutengerapo kumachitika pamene chingwe ndi madzi. Ngati yaikidwa pa dziko lapansi, kutentha kuchotsa zimadalira zikuchokera yotsirizira ndi wokhutira chinyezi. Mu kuwerengetsera kawirikawiri kutenga ndi resistivity wa ku r Mukhoza nthaka = 120 ohms ∙ K / W womwe ndi nthaka mchenga dothi ndi mnyontho wa 12-14%. Kuti mupeze kuwerenga molondola n'kofunika kudziwa kapangidwe wa nthaka, kuyambira kulimbikira zimasiyana ndi mu magome. N'zotheka kuchepetsa kusintha zikuchokera nadzaza ngalande ndi chingwe ndi mwa tamping mosamala. Porous mchenga ndi miyala ndi madutsidwe matenthedwe poyerekeza kuti dongo. Choncho, chingwe kudzazidwa kubala dongo kapena loam munali palibe slag, zinyalala ndi miyala.

Chingwe unachitikira mu mlengalenga, ali osauka kutentha kutengerapo. Zimakhala poipa pamene anaika mu ngalande chingwe, mmene muli zigawo zina mpweya, Kutentha tonse zingwe pafupi ndi mpanda wa kukana. Pakuti Zikatero, katundu panopa amusankha aang'ono ngati nkotheka.

Kuonetsetsa zinthu zabwino kutentha kwa ntchito chingwe mzere kololeka katundu zatsopano modes awiri amapezeka: chitetezo ndi yaitali. Makhalidwe a zingwe ndilo kololeka kutentha phindu pa dera lalifupi, umene pepala kutchinjiriza ndi 200 ⁰ C, ndi PVC - 120 ⁰ C.

Wopitiriza chingwe panopa ndi inversely molingana ndi matenthedwe kukana ndi kutentha mphamvu za chilengedwe.

M'pofunika kuganizira kuti pa nthawi kumawonjezera madutsidwe wa kutchinjiriza chingwe chifukwa youma. nthaka kulimbana ndi 70% wa mtengo okwana ali anapezazo ndi kudziwa katundu okwana.

Matebulo kudziŵa kololeka panopa

ESL kuwerenga pamanja, n'zovuta kudziwa chovomerezeka mosalekeza chingwe panopa. PUE muli tebulo wapadera, ali mfundo zake zinthu zosiyana opaleshoni. M'munsimu Calculated pazipita chovomerezeka deta katundu zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya wochititsa zamkuwa kutentha ake 90 ⁰ C ndi yozungulira 45 ⁰ C.

Kudzera zingwe, amene makhalidwe kuperekedwa ku Table zimafalitsa ndi kugawira magetsi ku Intaneti ya voteji mwachindunji ndi alternating ndi makhazikitsidwe n'kupuma. Iwo sangaime mphamvu zazikulu kwamakokedwe ndipo anaika mu nthaka, panja mu ducts chingwe. Long chingwe kololeka kutentha ndi 70 ⁰ C, ndipo pamene yochepa-dera - osapitirira 160 ⁰ C masekondi 4. Mu mode mwadzidzidzi ndi chovomerezeka yaitali Kutentha si upambana 80 ⁰ C.

Makhalidwe ochititsa zosiyanasiyana malire lonse, malingana ndi kulemba, chiwerengero cha mitima ndi magawo ena. Wopitiriza panopa chingwe VVG zimadalira gawo mtanda, amene anatsimikiza ndi kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa anthu amoyo. Mwachitsanzo, pazipita yachigawo dera chingwe imodzi 240 ^mm2, ndi waya zisanu - 50 mm ^2.

Wopitiriza zonyamula AVVG chingwe monga gawo kumatanthauza amene ali zikuluzikulu pang'ono kuposa waya VVG, popeza unapangidwa zotayidwa. The chovomerezeka opaleshoni kutentha ndi pangozi ntchito mitundu onse ali chimodzimodzi.

AVBbShv chingwe ali mbali - zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera woopsawo ndi pozhaproopasnyh chifukwa kukhalapo iwiri zida zitsulo Mzere. Ndi ambiri yomanga. Wopitiriza zonyamula AVBbShv chingwe, komanso mankhwala yapita zimadalira kutentha, amene sayenera upambana 75 ⁰ C., amene penapake apamwamba. Iwo akufotokozera matebulo ndi zimadalira gawo mtanda ndi njira atagona.

Pomaliza

Kuti Ikamatsogolera pripostoyannoy katundu si ukagwira, muyenera kunyamula panopa mosalekeza kuchokera magome a chingwe ndi kuwerengera kutentha madyaidya ndikuledzera mu chilengedwe. Cholakwika kusankha chingwe patsogolo kwa kutenthedwa ndi chiwonongeko cha zokutira zitsulo wosanjikiza, zimene zikuphatikizapo chiyani ndi msanga mankhwala kulephera.