Nyumba Nyumba Zam'mwamba. Chabwino n'chiti: Nyumba Nyumba Zam'mwamba matabwa kapena kagwere?

M'dziko pafupifupi dziko lililonse mungapeze nyumba pa Nyumba Zam'mwamba. M'mayiko ena kwa zaka zambiri kumanga nyumba pa zipika matabwa, anakumba vertically mu nthaka. Njira imeneyi zimathandiza kuti timange nyumba ngakhale pa madzi. M'zaka zapitazi, palibe amene anadabwa nyumba pa Nyumba Zam'mwamba, anapanga konkire. Pomanga ano zisinthe enieni anabwera pambuyo kuwala kwa yomanga nyumba anayamba ntchito milu wononga.

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Nyumba Nyumba Zam'mwamba - njira yabwino vuto la zomangamanga, kumene nthaka si oyenera maziko monolithic Mzere. N'zotheka kumanga m'madera ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:

• ndi malo kale analenga;

• ndi mtunda zovuta;

• ndi chinyezi mkulu nthaka;

• kumene n'zosatheka kugwira ntchito yomanga ntchito;

• m'madera mlingo zozama za yozizira koopsa nthaka.

Ntchito yomanga nyumba Nyumba Zam'mwamba chotchuka kwambiri lero, koma makamaka wotchuka ndi zitsulo zogwiriziza, amene athe kudya nyumba pang'ono ndi manja awo. Ubwino wa nyumba amenewa ndi:

• Sungani nthawi ndi mtengo wa zomangamanga;

• azigwira pa dothi vuto;

• No kufunika mayikidwe a nthaka;

• kuthekera akuika nyumba matabwa kapinga, otsetsereka pafupi mitengo;

• milu mkulu kuteteza nyumba kwa makoswe;

• pamene chigumula kunyumba zimatetezedwa ku reheating angakwanitsire;

• ntchito milu mkulu chizathandiza ntchito m'dziko, inali pansi pa nyumba magalimoto magalimoto, chilimwe khitchini ndi malo osewerera.

Nyumba Nyumba Zam'mwamba matabwa

Ngakhale patsogolo posachedwapa pomanga njira zina wakale wa nyumba yomanga akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito bwinobwino mpaka lero. Nyumba Nyumba Zam'mwamba ndi mtengo - ichi ndi njira mmene ntchito yomanga, ndi M'mayiko ambiri. Ndipo mu Russia kwa zaka zambiri nyumba matabwa anamangidwira pa zipika za nkhuni. "Mipando" iwo nthawi zambiri amatchedwa. Pakuti milu amenewa ntchito makungwa a mitengo amene ali ndi moyo wautali utumiki. Zikuphatikizapo paini, thundu, larch. The m'mimba mwake osachepera ngati "mipando" polenga maziko olimba ndi 20 cm adzakhala wamkulu kuposa iyeyu -. The bwino. Kutalika kwa moyo wa milu matabwa a ankachitira moto - kutenthedwa. M'dziko la mtengo anapsa bwino kuvunda, chimene chimathandiza kumamanga nyumba ndi moyo utumiki wa zaka zambiri (zaka zosachepera 30). Pakali pano, mankhwala a milu moto zambiri m'malo mwa impregnation ndi antiseptics wapadera kapena phula obmazyvaniem.

Chifukwa msika lero pali okwanira akupezeka mkulu-mulu, zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zosungunula, kumanga nyumba pogwiritsa ntchito matabwa zipita chapansipansi. Nthawi zambiri iwo amagwiritsa ntchito chimango tchuthi kapena nyumba matabwa.

Nyumba Nyumba Zam'mwamba, amene chithunzi pamwamba, kungafune kukumba maenje wokongola pansi pa zipika. Kuya osachepera kwa instillation milu matabwa ndi 1,25 m. Ayenela abut ndi bala gawo 10x20 masentimita ndi kutalika 40-50 cm. Milu Matabwa zili kulikonse dongosolo ndi pabwino pamodzi wozungulira (ndi mtunda wa mamita 1-2). maenje kudzaza zigawo zokolola za masentimita 20. Aliyense wa iwo mosamala tikaumbike. Pamwamba 30-40 masentimita wa kudzazidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zabwino wophwanyidwa lubwe kapena miyala.

Kuipa milu matabwa

Ngakhale kutchuka kwake, milu matabwa zaposachedwapa, kutaya kunja. Ichi ndi chifukwa zinthu:

• Kuvuta wa matabwa instillation;

• kufunika processing zina za matabwa;

moyo • ang'onoang'ono milu akuti poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena a mtundu uwu;

• kupita pa malonda mkulu-chatekinoloje zomangira;

• mtengo wa matabwa apamwamba.

Wononga mulu-maziko

Maziko, anamanga ndi thandizo la milu wononga, akhala akugwiritsa ntchito pa ntchito yomanga maofesi a asilikali. specialization Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti zinalengedwera amalola kuti athandizire odalirika zosiyanasiyana nyumba posachedwapa. Kunja, ndi zamakono za kumanga nyumba pa maziko mulu anali katswiri zaka zapitazo. Izo ntchito yomanga nyumba, nyumba munda, komanso zipangizo zosiyanasiyana mafakitale.

Mu Russia, malo awa akhala ntchito yokhayo yotumikira ntchito yomanga nyumba kuwala ngati milu wononga, zilipo zogulitsa, yodziwika ndi zimakhudza katundu wochepa. Posachedwapa pakhala mitundu ano zake zitsulo kupanga kuchuluka kwa zomangira nyumba ndi onse kwambiri.

Chaka chilichonse maziko a nyumba pa Nyumba Zam'mwamba akumanga ambiri ku Russia. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa khalidwe la chuma nyumba ndi mtengo lake la demokalase. Nyumba milu wononga, ndemanga imene ambiri eni ake okha amene angathe kukhala chokongoletsera chiwembu chilichonse. Nthawi zambiri ndi - dongosolo kuwala ndi mtengo. Kwa mtundu uwu wa khalidwe ndi chimango nyumba, nyumba ndi zipangizo zina zomanga wolemera. Wononga milu ntchito chipangizo playgrounds, m'madamu, saunas, mipanda, gazebos, greenhouses, masitepe.

General zambiri pa milu wononga

milu wononga pansi nyumba - pa mbali yaikulu ya maziko. Iwo akuyimira zitsulo chitoliro, ndi zitsulo makulidwe a limene - osachepera 4 mm. Pa dzanja limodzi ali taper. Kumapeto kwa mulu ili tsamba kudula chimene thandizo ndi tili m'mavuto mu nthaka. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zomangira amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zina zapadera. Ndipotu mawonekedwe abwino a masamba walola milu wononga tili m'mavuto kuti kufunika mphamvu kuya antchito 3-4.

Kumangira zinthu kusiyana mu msinkhu kapena ndi pamaso pa katundu lateral zosiyanasiyana milu ntchito, ndi masamba awiri. Izi amapereka maziko ndi kudalilika zina. Awiri wononga milu masamba zimasiyanasiyana mu osiyanasiyana 200-850 mm. Mizati okha ndi awiri a 50-350 mm. M'litali milu ya wononga kungakhale 2-11 m. Pa zogulitsa si dzenje kokha, komanso mulu wonse.

Ubwino milu wononga

Aliyense amene wamanga nyumba pa Nyumba Zam'mwamba, ndemanga za iwo masamba makamaka positive. Ubwino waukulu zinthuzi nyumba ndi:

• luso kachiwiri ntchito chifukwa kuchotsa mosavuta popanda kuwononga;

• sayenera kuchita zambiri za ntchito yomanga;

• kuthekera yomanga nyumba madera m'manja ndi madzi anasefukira;

• liwiro yomanga maziko;

• chiyambi cha ntchito yomanga nyumba yomweyo pambuyo maziko chipangizo;

• Kuthekera kwa ntchito yomanga outbuildings osiyanasiyana;

• utumiki yaitali ndi moyo kwa zaka zoposa 100;

• ndalama zovomerezeka, amene ali pafupifupi katatu zosakwana mtengo wa m'munsi tepi;

• kusowa kwa yomanga zinyalala pa malo;

• luso m'malo kapena kukonza maziko.

Chifukwa mulu mulingo woyenera malo perpendicular masamba mwauzimu pamene tili m'mavuto mu nthaka sanachite izo. Kuchitira mphamvu zomangira ndi mu osiyanasiyana 5-25 m. Pakuti kumanga anasankha mulu aloyi ferrules. The bwino zoteteza ❖ kuyanika zogwiriziza amenewa anapangidwa zochokera utomoni polyurethane. odalirika kanasonkhezereka milu, chitetezo TACHIMATA kunja ndi mkati.

Mtengo wa mayendedwe maziko wononga zimadalira kukula kwa nyumba. Mwachitsanzo, pomanga malo a 6x6 mamita ndalama madola 1-1,2 zikwi, ndi 9x12 mamita -. Ku 3-3.3 zikwi.

Kuipa milu wononga

Ngakhale kuti kuipa zinthuzi nyumba ndi yaing'ono, iwo ali kumeneko. Amene anamanga nyumba pa Nyumba Zam'mwamba, ndemanga zawo kumanzere makamaka positive. Pakati pa kuperewera ambiri, kutukula kwambiri kumasula:

• Kulephela ntchito pa dothi miyala kapena coarse;

• mapindikidwe wa maziko, zikakhala zotheka wa luso chipangizo. Kumachitika pamene nthawi screwing milu sanapange kukonza malo awo, zingwe sanali anachita bwino, zomangira anaphedwa kapena anaika mu dzenje zakale;

• subsidence dziko, chomwe chinali chifukwa cha m'dera osauka anayendera;

• dzimbiri pamene milu ndi osauka chilengedwe dzimbiri;

• ndikosatheka yomanga nyumba yaikulu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kumanga katundu.

Mitundu ya ntchito wononga-mulu maziko

Pali zingapo zimene mungachite ngati maziko ntchito. Iwo amasankhidwa malingana ndi mtundu wa dothi ndipo nyumba m'tsogolo pa Intaneti. Ambiri mwa ntchito za maziko:

• milu wosakwatiwa amene amathandiza kapangidwe ka zinthu payekha ntchito pamene alipo nyumba kupanga kutambasuka yaing'ono;

• maziko muyezo, amene anamanga pansi zinthu zazikulu za nyumbayi;

• mulu tepi, disposable pansi makoma onse nyumba;

• mulu munda chofunika pomanga chapansi tikukonza lolemera.

Ntchito yomanga nyumba mulu-Ground zomangira

Nyumba milu wononga anamanga mu magawo angapo:

1. chopangidwa kulenga eg ntchito ndi mawerengedwe chiwerengero cha zomangira. Nthawi zambiri pansi chimango ndi nyumba matabwa kusankha milu ndi awiri a 108 mm. Pakuti nyumba yaing'ono akhoza anasankha zomangira ang'onoang'ono kuti adzapulumutsa ndalama. Pamene kuwerengetsa ndi chiwerengero milu tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pamene nthawi zambiri anaika maziko amathandiza kudalirika pafupifupi si kukula koma kwambiri kumawonjezera kufunika kwake. Mmodzi mulu mutayankha ndi simenti kumatula mphamvu 5-9 m, kotero kuti mtunda pakati pa iwo ntchito yomanga nyumba ya chimango mamita kungakhale 3-5. Chiwerengero cha mitengo yonyamulira ndi zochuluka pomanga kapena ziwiri storey nyumba ntchito zipangizo ankawonjezereka. Kuonjezera kudalirika kwa wononga-mulu-maziko a mphamvu katundu mwankhanza ndi chinawonjezeka ndi 25-30%.

2. Yopangidwa malo mawonekedwe ndi kukonzekera.

3. Mtundu maziko anasankha malinga ndi kulemera kwa kapangidwe tikukonza, mtundu wa nthaka akuya yozizira koopsa ake. Yambani kumanga kuphunzira geodesic nthaka. M'pofunika kudziwa malo a pansi ndi zigawo nthaka zosagwira.

4. milu ndi tili m'mavuto mu nthaka opangidwa ndi zolemba za. M'dera la wononga compaction zikachitika, timapitiriza mphamvu ya maziko. Ntchito izi angathe kuchitidwa mu nyengo iliyonse. Mulu tili m'mavuto osachepera antchito 3: chimodzi oyang'anira mlingo wa thandizo, ndipo awiri enawo ali tili m'mavuto kwa chizindikiro ankafuna. Amathandiza ankadula mlingo yunifolomu, mudzaze iwo ndi simenti. Imagwera mu mulu chubu kuti kwalimbitsa mulu ndiponso kupewa zitsulo dzimbiri. Pambuyo konkire ikamauma, akupitiriza china chotulutsa ku nsonga thandizo zitsulo.

5. M'pofunika kupanga piping milu kuti wogawana kugawira katundu chonyamulira. Nthawi zambiri zikhale za njira. The kumtunda kwa maziko lotchedwa raft. Iwo redistributes katundu yochitira zinthu structural.

6. Kufunda-wononga mulu maziko si lamulo monga limakhudza mtundu mpweya wokwanira. Nthawi zina kubala kutchinjiriza raft maziko, koma molakwika anaphedwa ntchito chinyezi zingaoneke, izo kumaonekera nyumba yonseyo. Ndi bwino kutenthetsa kupulumutsa kutchinjiriza m'nyumba kupanga pansi pa nyumbayo.

7. okonzeka mulu maziko anamangidwira chimango kapena nyumba matabwa.

8. kapu maziko kupanga ZOWONJEZERA.

Kodi mtundu wa nyumba pa Nyumba Zam'mwamba kusankha?

N'kudziwa ubwino ndi kuipa kwa chisankho cha ichi kapena kuti mtundu wa chithandizo, tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti ubwino kwambiri masiku mulu-helical maziko kuposa matabwa. Anaposa yotsirizira si luso, komanso pa ntchito zachuma ndi ntchito-kwambiri. Komanso, durability wake ndi wautali kuposa nsanja utumiki lopangidwa ndi zipika.