Werengerani Vorontsov Mihail Semenovich: yonena, photos, banja

Werengerani Vorontsov Mihail Semenovich - ndi States wotchuka, msilikali wothandiza mfumu uja General, Field kulamulira, Lake wopambana ndipo adzakhala 'Wammwambamwamba Prince (kuyambira 1845); Novorossiysk ndi Bessarabian Bwanamkubwa-General; membala wa Petersburg Academy of Science. Iye ankalimbikitsa yomanga Odessa ndi ayambe m'mphepete mwa mawu a zachuma. M'nkhani ino inu Adzaperekedwa lalifupi mbiri yake.

makolo

Makolo a tsogolo Field polimbana - Semon Romanovich ndi Catherine A. (mwana wamkazi wa asilikali Senyavina AN) tinakwatirana mu 1781. Mu May 1782 iwo anali ndi mwana wamwamuna, Michael, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi mwana Catherine. Koma banja m'banja chimwemwe Vorontsov sizinakhalitse. Catherine A. anafa August 1784 pambuyo matenda. Semyon Romanovich sanakwatire ndi zowawa chikondi changa onse unspent mwana ndi mwana.

Mu May 1785 Vorontsov S. R. ku London ntchito. Iye anali nduna Plenipotentiary, ndiyeno panali kazembe ku England ku Russia. Choncho United Kingdom wakhala Michael pang'ono kunyumba kwina.

kuphunzira

Semyon Romanovich anatsatira kulangiza ndi kuphunzitsa mwana wake. Iye anayesera bwinobwino kuwakonzekeretsa kaamba ka utumiki kudzikolakwathu. awisi ankakhulupirira kuti chinthu chofunika kwambiri - ndikulamulidwa wabwino wa m'chinenero chawo ndi kudziwa mbiri ya Russian ndi mabuku. Tsogolo Chiwerengero Vorontsov zinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi anzawo. Ankakonda kulankhula French, ndi Michael Komabe, ndi lamulo wabwino wa chinenero (komanso Latin, Greek ndi English), komabe ankakonda Russian.

Zochita ndandanda anyamata anali music, zomangamanga, mpanda, sayansi, masamu. Iye anaphunzira kukwera bwino ndi kukhala zida zosiyanasiyana. Kukuza M'maso mnyamata Umuna Romanovich anamutengera ku misonkhano aboma ndi magawo aphungu. Komanso, junior ndi mkulu Vorontsovs anafufuza mafakitale ndi ku zombo Russian amene anapita English Harbor.

Semyon Romanovich anali wotsimikiza kuti serfdom kugwa posachedwa, ndipo tidakocheza zigawo adzapita alimi. Ndipo kotero mwana wake akhoza kuzidyetsa wokha ndipo kutenga mbali popanga tsogolo Inde andale a Russia, zikunenedwa bwino anamuphunzitsa pantchitoyo.

Mu 1798, werengani Vorontsov, Jr. analandira udindo wa Chamberlain. Zinapatsidwa kwa iye ndi Paulo I. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti akula lake Michael anali wokonzeka kutumikira wabwino wa Mama. Iye mapulaneti zinalengedwa ophunzira anapanga. Iye wakhazikitsa maganizo ena pa njira kupita ndi Russia. Kutumikira dziko Unali udindo wopatulika kwa iye. Koma, podziwa chikhalidwe katundu wa Paulo Ine, Semyon Romanovich anali pachangu palibe kutumiza Mwana wake kunyumba.

ntchito Early

Mu March 1801, mfumu inali Alexander Ine, ndipo mu May Vorontsov, Jr. anafika ku St. Petersburg. Apa iye anakomana ndi mamembala a bwalo la zolembalemba, anzanga ndi asilikali a Preobrazhensky Regiment ndipo anaganiza kuti ntchito ya usilikali. Pa nthawi kupezeka pa udindo Michael Chamberlain anali ofanana ndi udindo wa Major General, koma Vorontsov analibe mwayi umenewu. Anapempha mu Preobrazhensky Regiment msilikali wamba.

Komabe, werengani msanga ndatopa ntchito pa bwalo, kubowola ndi perete pansi. Mu 1803 anapita ku Caucasus mongodzipereka, kulowa mu ankhondo a Prince Tsitsianov. Apa, achinyamata Chiwerengero Vorontsov m'malo mofulumira anakhala kazembe wa kudzanja lamanja. Koma iye sanali kukhala likulu, ndi nawo mbali pa nkhondo. Choncho n'zosadabwitsa kuti pa mapewa ake anaonekera epaulettes wa mkulu, ndi malamulo ake pachifuwa atatu: St. George (4 digiri) kulankhulana. Vladimir ndi kulankhulana. Anne (kalasi 3).

M'zaka 1805-1807 Chiwerengero Vorontsov, amene yonena amadziwika nkhondo zamakono zonse, nawo nkhondo ndi Napoleon, ndi zaka 1809-1811 kumenyana ndi anthu a ku Turkey. Michael, monga nthawi yonse, anali kutsogolo lawolo nathamangira pakatikati pa nkhondo. Lake kumene amalimbikitsa ndi kupereka dongosolo.

Nkhondo ya 1812

Kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812, Michael, monga momwe mtsogoleri wa Consolidated Grenadier Division. Iye anali wakhama mu chitetezo cha Semenovskoe amatuluka. Nkhonyayo loyamba la French anangotengeka pa nsoka wa Vorontsov. Iye anali anaukira ndi asilikali adani kamodzi 5-6. Koma pambuyo kuukira moto kugunda mfuti mazana awiri French. Grenadiers anataya katundu chachikulu, koma sanali abwerere. Michael yekha anatsogolera imodzi battalions ake kumuukira mpeni ndi anavulazidwa.

Mu Moscow Palace ya Chiwerengero Vorontsov anafika mazana angapo kundipatsako kwa katundu katundu banja ndi chuma anasonkhanitsa kwa zaka zambiri. Komabe, Mikhail Semenovich analamula kuti atenge ngolo si chuma, ndi 450 asilikali.

chigonjetso

Pambuyo achire, Vorontsov adatuluka pomwepo ku Russian asilikali ntchito yachilendo. Pansi Craon Gulu lake bwinobwino anakana French, amene anatsogozedwa ndi Napoleon yekha. Pa izi nkhondo Mihailu Semonovichu kuti anamupereka kulankhulana. George.

Atagonjetsedwa chomaliza cha French asilikali a mayiko wopambana anakhalabe pa madera ake. Russian utakhala Corps kutsogoleredwa ndi Vorontsov, ndipo iye anakhazikitsa malamulo awo. Earl anali malamulo, amene anali kutsatira asilikali ake ndi akazembe. Ganizo zoyambirira za hayala latsopano anali kulephera mabwana ku ndikunyoza ulemu a maudindo m'munsi. Mikhail Semenovich woyamba m'mbiri ya chiyembekezo chakuti chilango logwirika.

moyo wa Chiwerengero Vorontsov

Mu April 1819, Mikhail Semenovich anakwatira Branitskaya akuti ek Zikondwerero inachitika pa Paris Orthodox Cathedral. Maria Feodorovna (Mfumukazi) ananena zabwino wotchuka wa. Iye anakhulupirira kuti Elizabeth Ksaverevne mwangwiro Chili nzeru, kukongola, ndi khalidwe kwambiri. "Zaka 36 ya ukwati ndinasangalala kwambiri" - mawu amenewa chinapangidwa pa mapeto a moyo wa Chiwerengero Vorontsov. warlord banja inkakhala mkazi wake ndi ana ake asanu. Mwatsoka, anayi amene anafa ali aang'ono.

Bwanamkubwa-General

Mu St. Petersburg, si maganizo abwino kwambiri khamu Vorontsov luso. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti latsopano malamulo Zithunzi Zimalepheretsa chilango, kotero pa kufika kunyumba ya Mikhail Semenovich thupi kusungunuka. Werengerani yomweyo anatsanzika. Koma Alexander Sindinavomereze ndi anamuika mkulu wa 3 Corps. Vorontsov kuzengereza kukhazikitsidwa kwa nyumba mpaka posachedwapa.

udindo wake chosadziwika linamalizidwa mu May 1823, pamene Chiwerengero anasankhidwa kukhala kazembe wamkulu wa Novorossiysk Gawo ndi kazembe wa Bessarabia. Zingapo anatumikira pamaso alonda anasiya utumiki kuti kwa Vorontsov timu. Mu nthawi yochepa, Mikhail Semenovich atamuzungulira kwambiri a dzuwa, amphamvu ndi ogwira luso.

Development wa New Russia ndi Bessarabia

Vorontsov anatenga gawo muzochitika zones za moyo, gawo zopatsidwa kwa iye. Iye analamula kwa mbande kwina kwa mitengo ndi mipesa mitundu osowa wa mphesa chakula nurseries awo ndipo anagawira obwera ufulu. Ndi ndalama zake Wawononga ku West ndipo anatsegula bwino ubweya wa nkhosa sitadi.

Pamene steppe kum'mwera zofunika mafuta ophikira ndi Kutentha nyumba, Mikhail Semenovich bungwe kufufuza, ndiyeno m'zigawo wa malasha. Mu chikhalidwe chake Vorontsov anamanga boti, ndiponso patapita zaka zochepa anatsegula sitima zingapo madoko kum'mwera. Yopanga zombo zatsopano analola kukhazikitsa kugwirizana wabwino pakati pa madoko a Azov ndi Black Pacific.

nthawi yokwanira Bwanamkubwa-General kuti zogwirizana ndi nkhani za chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro. manyuzipepala ambiri, tsamba limene nthawi lofalitsidwa ndi chithunzi cha Chiwerengero Vorontsov ndi zotsatira za ntchito yake akhazikitsidwa. Zitsulo amapita Mipikisano "Odessa almanacs" ndi "Novorossiysk kalendala." sukulu anatseguka nthawi zonse, panali woyamba laibulale, ndi zina zotero. N.

mu Caucasus

Ndiyamika kasamalidwe woyenera Vorontsov, Bessarabia ndi Chatsopano Russia zambiri. Ndipo vuto oyandikana Caucasus anakula tsiku lililonse likadutsa. Kusintha atsogoleri sizinathandize. Imam Shamil anagonjetsa Russian mu vuto lililonse.

Nicholas ndinazindikira kuti Caucasus n'kofunika kutumiza munthu ali ndi machenjerero wabwino asilikali ndi zinachitikira yokulirapo milandu boma. Mikhail Semenovich anali phungu abwino. Koma Earl anatembenuka ndi zaka 63, ndipo nthaŵi odwala. Choncho, pa pempho la Mfumu Vorontsov anayankha monyinyirika, oopa si zifukwa zimene ankayembekezera. Komabe, iye anavomereza, ndipo anakhala mtsogoleri wa gulu la Caucasus.

dongosolo kampeni kwa mizinda ya Dargo lalembedwa pasadakhale mu St. Petersburg. Graf anali bwino kutsatira izo. Chifukwa, ndi okhala Shamil anatengedwa, koma Imam kuthawa asilikali a Russia, kubisala mu mapiri. Caucasus Corps anataya katundu yaikulu. Ndiyeno panali nkhondo latsopano. Nkhondo kwambiri mkangano zinkachitikira anagonjetsa m'malinga ndi Gergebil wa Salt.

Tikumbukenso kuti Vorontsov ku Caucasus si mgonjetsi, koma mtendere. Monga kazembe, iye anakakamizidwa kuwononga nkhondo, koma monga kazembe mpata uliwonse kuti zokambirana. Malinga ndi iye, Russia adzakhala opindulitsa asamakangane ndi Caucasus, ndi kusankha Kalonga wa Dagestan Shamil ndi kumulipira malipiro.

Baton munda polimbana ndi

Kumapeto kwa 1851 Chiwerengero Mikhail Vorontsov ndinalandira ndi rescript a Nicholas Ine, kumene zopereka zake zonse pa m'ma hafu ya usilikali akhala kutchulidwa. Aliyense anali kuyembekezera kuti adzapatsidwa udindo wa Field kulamulira. Koma mfumu zinali zochepa mutu wa "kuwala". zikusiyana Ichi chinali chifukwa chakuti Zithunzi zikutsatiridwa liberalism ake linachititsa Nicholas ndikuona.

matenda

Pambuyo pa zaka 70 lokumbukira Mikhail Semenovich thanzi anayamba kutha. Iye sanali ndi nyonga kuti maudindo awo. Iye akhadwala kwa nthawi yaitali. Kumayambiriro 1854, iye anapempha isanu ndi umodzi tchuthi kulibe kupititsa patsogolo thanzi lawo. Ndime chithandizo kunja sanapange zotsatira. Choncho mapeto Chiwerengero Vorontsov anafunsa Mfumu kulekeza iye kuchokera posts onse Bessarabia, mu New Russia ndi Caucasus. pempho Mikhail Semenovich anapatsidwa.

m'zaka zaposachedwapa

Mu August 1856 zinachitika mu likulu la coronation a Alexander II. Werengerani Vorontsov, amene yonena ali m'nkhani ino, si amatha, monga malungo ake adzazunzidwa. Mikhail Semenovich anapita atsogoleri kunyumba waukulu ndipo mwakachetechete anamupereka kwa rescript lachifumu. Motero, munthu wotchuka uja anali udindo wapamwamba amaitcha ndi kunditumiza ku Baton munda polimbana ndi, chokongoletsedwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali.

The dzina latsopano Vorontsov anakhala pang'ono kuposa miyezi iwiri. Mkazi kupita naye ku Odessa, kumene Field polimbana ndi Anamwalira kumayambiriro November. Mwinji wa anthu a mibadwo yonse, zikhulupiriro ndi makalasi anabwera kucheza wake wolamulira wamkulu mu ulendo watha. Mu Mfuti ndi Cannon volleys Prince Vorontsov thupi adatchithisira mmanda. Iye ndi kusungidwa Odessa tchalitchi lero (mbali pakati, ndi mlingo woyenerera).

Pomaliza

Werengerani M. S. Vorontsov anali States yekha amene pa ndalama akudzutsa muzimvetsera anamangidwira ochuluka monga zipilala ziwiri: mwa Tiflis ndi Odessa. Awiri a chithunzi cha chagona mu Zima Palace (usilikali Gallery). Komanso dzina Zithunzi linalembedwa pa nsangalabwi slab, ili mu St. George Nyumba ya boma la Russia. Ndipo amayenera zonse. Ndipotu, Mikhail Semenovich anali ngwazi za nkhondo ya 1812, mmodzi wa anthu ophunzira yake, usilikali ndipo boma atsogoleri, komanso ulemu wa munthu ndi ulemu.