Vladimir Odoyevski: Ntchito ndi mtundu wanyimbo, poetics awo

mabuku Russian Mu zaka zapitazo kusunga kwa mibadwo mayina a akuyimba ambiri luso ndi olemba. Odoevskogo ntchito - mmodzi wa iwo - ndi chidwi tsopano. maphwando a wake nkhani, buku zosatheka "4338 chaka: St. Petersburg kalata," chopereka "Mausiku Russian" ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

periodization wa zilandiridwenso

ntchito wolemba lagawidwa salembedwa mu nthawi zitatu - malingana ndi malo kumene analenga Odoyevski ntchito. Woyamba "Moscow" siteji zachulukazi ndi chizindikiro sachita mu bwalo "Lyubomudry" ndi zitsanzo za cholembera. Kamodzi 1826 Odoyevski anasamukira ku St. Petersburg, anayamba nthawi yatsopano ya ntchito yake, kuberekana. Wolemba zafalitsa zopereka angapo nkhani, amene adzasangalala kuwerenga ngakhale tsopano, patatha zaka 200. Wachiwiri "Moscow" siteji ikusonyezedwa ndi chilengedwe cha Odoyevsky "Russian Mausiku" - ntchito zake zabwino, ndi kuchita nyimbo.

"Lokongola Fairytales"

Odoyevski ntchito zawo zambiri imakonzedwa mu zingwe zopota. Choncho, kupanga "nkhani Motley", wolemba ntchito mu kufanana pa mndandanda wa "Madhouse" anadzipereka mutu wa wanzeru misala. Chizolowezi cyclization singalifotokoze ena njira wamba chibadidwe mabuku Russian a nthawi imeneyo. Ndiye, mu 30s oyambirira, m'kuunika adatuluka "Belkin" ndi "madzulo pa Farm pafupi Dikanka", imene inali kanthu ena kuposa mozungulira bwalolo. Lathu pa Pushkin amachititsa ndi zovuta Nkhani dongosolo "Motley maphwando a nkhani." Mkota Odoevskogo kwa mankhwala (kapena oyamba) anayamba chithunzi cha owerenga - Irenaeus Modestovich Gomozeyko. Mosiyana Ponena Ivan Petrovich Belkin, ndi owerenga mu "nkhani Motley" limachulidwa mbali autobiographical. Pambuyo pake adzayesa pa udindo wa "awiri zolembalemba", m'malo amene wolemba azichititsa ndi kukambirana ndi chipani kulandira - owerenga.

Mwambi "tauni snuffbox"

Ndipotu, mlembi anali mpainiya wa mtundu wanyimbo wa zolembalemba nthano, anafuna kuti ndiwerenge mu malo oyamba mwanayo. Mu 1834, panali mwina wotchuka kwambiri ntchito Odoevskogo - "tauni snuffbox". chiwembu ndi losavuta: Adadi zikusonyeza mnyamata Misha nyimbo bokosi, ndi snuffbox. Mwana akufuna kudziwa momwe ntchito, anagunda kuti (iye, mwa njira, n'zotheka, pamene munthu nyambo mnyamata bokosi chala). Michael anakumana ndi anthu a ku mudziwo - nyundo ndi mabelu - ndipo anamudzutsa kumvetsa mfundo ya ntchito kwa gizmos zinazake. Ndi ubwino wawo luso ngati chidwi nthano bwino kuphatikiza pathos maphunziro ndi zopeka. Ganizo chachikulu cha ntchito - kutsimikizira owerenga kuti mwana ayenera kuphunzira ndikuganiza, yosanthula, m'pofunika kuphunzitsa mwana Chifukwa chofuna kudziwa.

"Russian Mausiku"

Polemba chinenero lofalitsidwa mu 1844, "Mausiku Russian" ndi kovuta kuzindikira. Nthawi zambiri ntchito Odoevskogo limanenedwa ngati mndandanda wa nkhani yochitira khalidwe aumunthu. Iwo zikugwirizananso kwathunthu mfundo za kusandulika kwa dziko, njira imene Russia ali kupita. Tikumbukenso kuti buku la "Mausiku Russian" anali yoyamba kukulitsa Odoevskogo zinsinsi za sayansi yeniyeni - masamu, Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa ndi kuwerenga maganizo komanso nzeru.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, wolemba amatsatira katswiri wa kulankhula. Ngati Voltaire, amaika malingaliro mu zithunzi succinct philosophicity amabisa chiwembu chidwi. Choncho Odoyevski nyumba ntchito mu kulenga. chiwembu chimazungulira magulu achinyamata ambiri omwe ali ndi bwenzi mgwirizano, wotchedwa Faust. Pali amakambirana mbiriyakale, pofuna kumvetsa malamulo a kuli chikhalidwe, ndi kudutsa zinsinsi za dziko. ntchitoyo kusiyana ndi intellectualism imene imafikira munthu pazipita mu mafotokozedwe a ndondomeko kulenga. Pankhaniyi, ndi Odoyevsky kukwaniritsa ntchito ya pambuyo chinenero: luso nkhani zokhudza luso. Choncho, Russian analemba zoyambirira za m'ma otsiriza n'zodabwitsa pafupi zinachitikira ina ya olemba zaka mazana makumi awiri (kutanthauza mabuku makamaka aluntha a Thomas Mann).

Dialogism "Russian Mausiku" - ndicho chimene munakhala Odoyevski. Ntchito anayikidwa mu zopereka, ngati mantha kupereka yankho okhazikika ku dontho i. M'malo mwake, owerenga ndi wokonzeka kulowa nkhambakamwa, amanena. Izi "Mausiku Russian" ali pafupi ntchito za olemba ena - Herzen ndi Belinsky - ndithu mwadzidzidzi, ndiyenera kunena, anapatsidwa kusiyana kuonetsa zokongoletsa.

"4338 ndi Chaka" monga buku zosatheka

zaka ziwiri zapitazo nyenyezi Biely anachita phokoso lambiri. Iye akhapidziwa kuti patapita kanthawi izo atakumana ndi padziko Lapansi. Ena ntchito Odoevskogo anasonyeza ichi "phunziro la nyenyezi," pakati pawo - buku zosatheka "4338 chaka: St. Petersburg kalata," yomwe, mwatsoka, anamusiya yosatha. Mlembi amasonyeza dziko kupyolera zaka 2500, pamene chitukuko cha anthu zidzathandiza kupulumutsa lapansi pa vuto lomwe linali nyenyezi. mankhwala lili mbali prognostic wa zopeka ndi zosatheka buku; wolemba limaneneratu maonekedwe tsogolo kwa kufufuza mwaukatswiri ambiri, kuphatikizapo Intaneti. Komabe, anthu akufotokozedwa ayi komanso zikuoneka: yoweyula likuwonjezekabe wa mudziwe si ungapangitse nkhokwe ubongo wa munthu. Enaake kwasanduka dystopia ndi, kuti atchule polemba chinenero ichi mu zolemba ina (makamaka mu "City opanda dzina").