Vietnam: chipembedzo ndi zochititsa

Ngati tiyang'ana pa Vietnam pa zipembedzo mapu, ndiye kutaya zinthu zingapo mu diso. Choyamba, ichi ndi dziko kumene kulibe boma chipembedzo cha boma: Vietnam ololera zipembedzo zosiyanasiyana. Chachiwiri, zipembedzo achipembedzo akuimira mu Vietnam zosiyana. Kuwonjezera pa atatu ziphunzitso zazikulu East (Chitao, Chibuda ndipo Chikomfyushani), apa mungapeze Mkhristu ndi miyambo Chisilamu. Palinso ziphunzitso wachipembedzo - ndi Hoa Hao ndi kaodaizm. Ndipo ngakhale anthu ambiri amaona kuti makamaka sukulu achipembedzo Vietnam ndi chikhulupiriro cholimba makolo ndi mizimu: pafupifupi nyumba mukhoza kuwona guwa ang'ono ndi zithunzi za akufa, nsembe zofukiza.

Mahayana Chibuda

Chibuda ku Vietnam ali mwina malo otsogolera pakati pa zipembedzo zina, chiwerengero cha otsatira ndi 15% ya chonse cha anthu. Adagawira makamaka mu mawonekedwe a Mahayana nawonekera chifukwa cha Chimonko Indian mu BC II m'zaka Mu ulamuliro wa Mafumu zeni (XI atumwi), Chibuda ankaona chipembedzo boma (tsopano mu dziko popanda boma chipembedzo achipembedzo). Mwa Vietnam monga Hinayana Chibuda ndipo Zen Chibuda.

Ngakhale ambiri wayikidwa kulibe Mulungu Chibuda anagonjetsa Vietnam, chipembedzo inabuka mwa zigawo zonse za anthu mu mbiri za dziko. Vietnam si podzaza ndi Chibuda pagodas ndi nyumba pemphero, koma zinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri angapezeke ngati n'koyenera. Near Phan Thiet bwino kwa alendo, umene uli pafupi kum'mwera kwa dziko, ndi wopatulika Chibuda zovuta - phiri Taku. Mpaka posachedwapa, kuwuka kwa zinangokhala kuyenda, Nyamulani anatumikira maola oposa awiri. Komabe, mpake: kuwonjezera pemphero la zovuta, pagodas angapo ndipo nkhalango yeniyeni apa ndi fano lalikulu kwambiri mu Vietnam - Buddha mu malo atagona. kutalika kwake ndi 11, ndipo kutalika - 49 mamita. Izo analengedwa mu 60 ntchentche za m'ma XX pa zopereka ndi agulupa mphamvu. Zonse kukhudzana ndi madzi limakhudza anthu chipilala, mogwirizana ndi imene ikuchitika kubwezeretsa zonse.

Komabe, Vietnam, chipembedzo chachikulu tsopano - Chibuda - maloreligioznaya dziko pa chikumbutso cha malamulo a.

Chikomfyushani Chitao

Chikomfyushani anafika XV atumwi ku Vietnam: chipembedzo Chinese m'malo ndi Chibuda, imene kugawanika nthawi imeneyo. unafalikira ziphunzitso analandira kumpoto, kumene ambiri chikoka anati chikhalidwe Chinese.

Kutanthauza Chikomfyushani Vietnam lalikulu: mogwirizana ndi ichi mfundo anaika boma chipangizo m'munsi ndi sayansi zachitika nthawi yatsopano. Mpaka m'ma XIX, Chikomfyushani akugwirabe chipembedzo boma, ofala amazikonda anthu otchuka.

Ponena za ziphunzitso za Lao-tzu, sitingathe kunena kuti unaonekera kwathunthu ngati chipembedzo cha Vietnam kuvomereza mfundo zatsopano ndi amvetse malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zawo m'deralo, zikutanthauza kukhulupirira makolo ndi mizimu.

Chikhristu Vietnam

chikhalidwe Mkhristu ukufanizidwa ku Vietnam m'madera osiyanasiyana, koma kulamuliridwa ndi Chikatolika: pafupifupi 7% ya anthu ndi Akatolika.

Mphamvu ya Ulaya anayamba pasanafike pa East, kotero amishonale okha XVI atumwi, Mkhristu anafika Vietnam. Mwa njira, mmodzi wa iwo, Alexandre de A Rhodes, ankaona anayambitsa zilembo Vietnamese zochokera Latin, pamaso Vietnam ntchito kalembedwe kakale ngati Chinese.

Pofika theka lachiwiri la XVII atumwi ku Vietnam pali ansembe a Chikatolika ndi Baibulo loyamba mu Vietnamese. Tsopano Akatolika ambiri pali m'chigawo chakumpoto kwa Ninh Binh ndi kumwera - Donegal.

Chiprotestanti anaonekera Vietnam m'chiyambi cha XX atumwi ndi kufalitsa makamaka pakati mitundu yaing'ono. Akhristu pafupifupi kwina dziko, ndi kupita kukaona mu antchito ambiri achilendo.

Islam

Asilamu Vietnam anawagawa m'magulu awiri. Choyamba - fuko lino Muslim a Champa (amakhulupirira kuti anayambitsa Islam ku Vietnam). The chachiwiri lalikulu gulu la Asilamu - iwo amene analandira chikhulupiriro pambuyo ukwati kapena nthumwi ya ukwati losakanizika pakati Vietnamese ndi Muslim.

Pa gawo chapakati ndi kum'mwera Vietnam m'zaka za m'ma XVI panali ufumu wa Champa. Poyamba, Cham anthu odzitcha Chihindu, kenako kwa Islam. Zinali uyamiko kwa Iye Islam Zafalikira Vietnam. Pakali pano, pafupifupi 80% ya otsala Cham Asilamu Komabe, ndi ochepa.

Modern Vietnam Asilamu ndi ochepa ndipo penapake olekanitsidwa awo co-achipembedzo m'mayiko ena. Pang'ono iwo okhala m'madera akumidzi a kum'mwera, umenenso anthu wamba zikhulupiriro.

Chipembedzo Cao DAI ndi Hoa Hao

Awiriwa mpatuko kuimira kaphatikizidwe nzeru East ndi mwambo Mkhristu ndi zinthu zamizimu. Iwo anaonekera yekha mu 30s za m'ma XX ndi zambiri monga gulu lampatuko, lirikulimbana okhaokha ndi Chikomyunizimu. Mu yogawa, ngati m'zipembedzo zambiri Vietnam, - kum'mwera kwa dziko. Posachedwapa boma anayamba kunena kuti Hoa Hao ndi Cao DAI kwambiri okhulupirika, zololera atagwira ena miyambo.

Kulambira Cao DAI ndi kuika yokha monga kaphatikizidwe maganizo Chibuda cha Chikomfyushani, Chitao, Islam ndi Chikhristu, ndiye, ngati chipembedzo changwiro. Hoa Hao ndi chipembedzo m'derali amalambira motsatira miyambo, koma kwambiri zimene mfundo Chibuda.

Chipembedzo atagonjetsa mu Vietnam kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Gay poyera mtima kwa anthu a dziko za zinthu zakunja chinathandiza mnogoveriya kufalikira ndi kupembedza milungu yambiri.

Mapu achipembedzo a Vietnam

Mukaona Vietnam pa mapu, mukhoza kugwira mbali ya kafalitsidwe za kuvomereza chipembedzo cha dziko: ambiri a iwo ili kum'mwera kwa dziko. Womwewo chikhulupiriro pacimake ku mizukwa zosiyanasiyana ndi milungu. South wa dziko - malo kuphatikiza pakati zinsinsi Vietnam, chipembedzo Western, ziphunzitso za East. Ndi zodabwitsa.

Vietnam, chipembedzo - malingaliro pamene ophatikizana kupereka chifukwa kwambiri choyambirira. akachisi European ndi mipingo ku Asia kuyang'ana zachilendo kwambiri, komanso mizikiti Muslim. Komanso, chipembedzo chirichonse mu Vietnam lili ndi kuda zikhulupiriro zamakolo ndi chikumbukiro cha akufa. Ndipo potsiriza - wokhulupirika Vietnamese, zambiri musati kutsatira malamulo okhwima, kutsatira, kani, njira pakati.