Chiwerengero cha m'dera Voronezh. Chiwerengero cha anthu a m'dera Voronezh

Voronezh dera - chigawo ndi nkhani chidwi ndi chiwopsezo kwambiri chuma ndi chikhalidwe. Wopambana ndi chitukuko cha madera onse - anthu ogwira ntchito. funso n'lakuti: yomwe anthu dera Voronezh amapereka bata chuma dera? Taganizirani makhalidwe ndi maonekedwe zaziwerengero anthu a m'deralo.

Udindo Hrs wa dera Voronezh

Mu likulu la East European Plain ili Voronezh dera. Malo ndi 52.000 makilomita lalikulu, ndipo ndi 51 TH malo mwa zigawo zonse Russia. Dera lili malo yabwino, umadutsa ndi kuchuluka kwa maulendo zoyendera popita m'madera osiyanasiyana m'dziko la Russia ndi mayiko ena. Anansi yapafupi ndi dera Voronezh, Rostov, Tambov, Saratov, Kursk, Volgograd, Makhachkala, Belgorod Oblast ndi Ukraine. Dera mpumulo anatsimikiza ndi zinthu monga Mid ndi Kalach zomwe zili ndi Oka-Don kumveka. Land ndi mapiri, ndi zambiri zigwembe, ambiri a gawo lawo wotanganidwa ndi malo a chonde wakuda. Derali lili m'dera ndi madzi ambiri. Mtsinje waukulu wa dera - Don, ndipo apa ndi 700 nyanja ndi mitsinje 1,300 yaing'ono. Ndithu zinthu zabwino moyo chinathandiza chakuti apa m'mamawa kwambiri kuthetsa anthu lophunzira pansi.

nyengo

Voronezh Region ali ndi kotentha chokhala ndi nyengo. Pachaka avareji kutentha m'dera madigiri 5. mu yotenthayi imakhala nthawi zina youma, pafupifupi thermometer ndi kusungidwa chilemba cha 20 m'miyezi yotentha. Nyengo ndi motalika kokwanira, ndi zambiri chipale chofewa. Kutentha pafupifupi ndi madigiri -9 pa nthawi ino ya chaka. Derali bwino anati yofanana nyengo. Nthawi zambiri, nthawi ya chaka Voronezh lifanane ndi nyengo kalendala.

dera Voronezh, anthu akhala ndinazolowera nyengo m'chigawochi. Onse kuzipenya zikuluzikulu pa izo ndi anakonza zokumana dziko mu maonekedwe a miyambi, ndi chifuniro. Ngakhale nyengo dera sangathe kutchedwa omasuka kwambiri pa moyo ndi ulimi, koma ndi wofatsa kwambiri. Choncho, akhala ndinayamba kukhala anthu.

Chongani History

Woyamba magalimoto anthu pa dera la Voronezh dera ano, malinga zakale zapakati pa nthawi Paleolithic. Akukhulupirira kuti awa ndi wamkulu midzi anthu m'dziko lonse la Russia ano. maphunziro anthropological bwanji kuti zaka 37,000 zapitazo, anthu ankakhala kuno Caucasians.

Mu Mkuwa Age, mayiko amenewa inathetsedwa ndi nthumwi Abashevo chikhalidwe, zikugwira kuswana ng'ombe. Mu Iron Age, malo awa ali mu malo a Asikuti, ndipo kenako iwo m'malo mwa Sarmatians. M'zaka za m'ma 9, mayiko a Voronezh dera zamakono mafuko Asilavo. Kuyambira nthawi ya nkhondo Mongol pano tinachoka zambiri n'chodabwitsa ndi zotsalira za nyumba kachisi. Pamene chikhalidwe ndi mitundu chisakanizo cha Asilavo komanso zikhalidwe woyendayendawu amapangidwa ndi subethnos wapadera - Cossacks.

Kuyambira m'ma 16 mbiri ya m'dera zalembedwa bwino. Mu 1585 Voronezh monga malo otetezedwa bwino kusamala kuti malire a ufumu wa Moscow anakhazikitsidwa. Pa mayiko amenewa mpaka m'ma 17 anapitiriza kuukira Chitata mafuko, choncho anthu a dera anawonjezera imapanga kwambiri asilikali ndi khalidwe wapadera. Mu nthawi ya Peter Wamkulu Voronezh anakhala mzinda zigawo m'dera lichitidwa mwakhama kukulitsa asezare. Kuyambira zaka za zana la 18. anthu ambiri a dera Voronezh amakula bwinobwino. Dera anatenga mbali mu nkhondo zonse Russian. Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, ndewu kwambiri pa mayiko amenewa. Mu 1957, dera Voronezh wabweza malire ake panopa.

utsogoleri magawano

M'mbiri ake, dera mobwerezabwereza zagonjetsedwa kuyesayesa zosiyanasiyana za utsogoleri magawano. Mbali ya dziko amene anapereka m'madera ena, akubwerera. Popeza 2006, anthu ambiri a m'deralo Voronezh moyo mu 534 mizinda yambiri. 3 wa iwo - ndi m'tawuni zigawo, 29 - mzinda, 471 - ndi midzi 31 - malo oyang'anira tauni.

Mphamvu ya anthu

Zonse kuwunika chiwerengero cha anthu a dera kuyambira mu 1897. Pafupipafupi miyezo anali osiyana, koma iwo amakulolani kuona kuti anthu a m'dera Voronezh pafupifupi nthawizonse wakhala kokhazikika. Only kumapeto kwa zaka 19 ndi 20, kuti tinaonera kuwonjezeka lakuthwa chiwerengero cha anthu, si chifukwa kusintha chiwerengero, ndi kusokonekera m'dziko pakati pa zigawo. Nkhondo yachiwiri itatha, pa zifukwa zoonekeratu, chiwerengero cha anthu utachepa ndi miliyoni. Mu Soviet Union, ife anati kusinthasintha mu manambala: kuchokera miliyoni 2.3 mu 1959 ku okwana 2.5 miliyoni mu 1970.

Pa perestroika ankaonedwa kusintha pang'ono chiwerengero cha m'dera okhala: pafupifupi anthu zikwi zingapo mu mbali zabwino ndi zoipa. M'zaka za m'ma 21, makamaka anthu a m'dera yafupika. Only mu 2010 ndi 2015, khalidwe lomwe zabwino taonera kale. Lero anthu a m'dera Voronezh ndi anthu 2.333.000.

Tsankho zikuchokera ndi chinenero

Kiyi m'dera dziko okhala - Russian. Malinga ndi dera 2010 kalembera kunyumba kwa 90% ya anthu amene amadziona Russian. Chiwerengero cha mitundu ina anagawira motere: Chiyukireniya - 2%, Chiameniya - 0.4%, Uzbeks ndi Tajiks kuchuluka kwa za 0,15%, mitundu ina - zosakwana 1% lililonse. Ngakhale kuti ambiri a anthu a m'dera amadzitcha okha Russian, mu chinenero, chikhalidwe cha nyumba, miyambo, pali chikoka chachikulu cha mtundu Chiyukireniya. Derali lili kunyumba kwa mwapadera nthambi ya kum'mwera kwa anthu Russian. A udindo ndithu mu ichi ndi chikhalidwe cha Cossacks, amene assimilates Russia ndi Ukraine chikhalidwe. M'mbuyomu, mu kuwonjezeka mu otaya anthu ochokera ku Central Asia unkachitika, koma lero njira izi mulibe kukhudzanso zikuchokera mtundu wa anthu. Komabe, kusamuka phindu mu mkulu mokwanira, ndi anthu 13 sauzande chaka chilichonse.

kufalitsidwa kwa anthu

Ambiri mwa anthu a m'dera kuthetsa m'mizinda, ndi kachitidwe kwa kukula kwa m'tawuni akupitiriza. Today, 67% ya anthu phunziro la Federation amakhala m'mizinda. Ngati uweruza mzinda wa dera Voronezh mwa mawu a anthu, yaikulu ndi likulu - iwo ali anthu pang'ono kuposa 1 miliyoni. The mzinda wonsewo n'chochepa kwambiri mu mawu alionse. M'dera la onse midzi 3 limene mumakhala anthu oposa zikwi 50: Rossosh Liski ndi Borisoglebsk. okhala pa 20 mpaka 35 zikwi olembedwa m'mizinda 7. midzi awa pang'onopang'ono kukwera, kukoka anthu a m'midzi yapafupi. Motero, anthu a dera Pavlovsk Voronezh ndi chonse cha anthu a anthu 25 sauzande chaka limakula anthu oposa 500. Dera wakhala kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono m'midzi akumidzi.

kachulukidwe wa anthu

Voronezh dera, pafupifupi anthu kachulukidwe ndi anthu 44,7 pa kilometre lalikulu, zimatengera pa malo a malo 21-TH mu Russia. Ichi ndi m'malo okwezeka chithunzi, makamaka tikaganizira kuti anthu makamaka moyo m'midzi kwa anthu 20 sauzande. The kachulukidwe mkulu wa anthu a m'dera Voronezh chifukwa kuchuluka kwa midzi ndi zinthu yabwino kwa moyo.

makhalidwe Gender alionse

Population ndi kugonana mu Region Voronezh chiri motere: chiwerengero cha akazi pafupifupi yaitali kuposa amuna, pa 200 zikwi. Pamene chiŵerengero ili pa makanda wamwamuna anabadwa ndi mwana atsikana ndi 1.2. Ndipo kwayekha, chithunzi ichi zimasiyanasiyana zosiyana kwa 1.5. The disproportion mokomera akazi amene ndi khalidwe m'dziko lonselo, mu dera chikukulirakulirabe pang'onopang'ono, ndi za 0,1% pa chaka.

makhalidwe Age anthu

Age zosiyanasiyana za anthu a m'dera ali motere:

• chiwerengero cha anthu mu zaka 15 - anthu 330 zikwi;
• ntchito zaka anthu - anthu 1.375.000;
• Chiwerengero cha ntchito zaka - anthu 626 sauzande.

Izi zosiyanasiyana zaka limanena kuti aliyense wamphamvu munthu m'chigawo ndi kupereka munthu winanso 0,8 koma mwini yekha ndi mkulu kwambiri zaziwerengero katundu.

makhalidwe zaziwerengero

Chonde - muyezo kwambiri kwa potaya chitukuko umoyo ndi zachuma derali. M'dera Voronezh ndi anthu 11 pa anthu chikwi. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chithunzi ichi kuwonjezeka pang'ono, ndi 0.2 pachaka. Koma m'pofunika ndi Kuwonjezeka chonde unkachitika. Imfa, mosiyana, zikusonyeza mphamvu ya kukula zaposachedwapa, akufa za 15,7 anthu. aliyense anthu zikwi. Ngakhale imfa pamene kukambirana yaitali, zinthu zayamba bwino. chiwerengero cha imfa ali utachepa pa zaka 10 mpaka 3 pa zikwi anthu. Koma pamene imfa patsogolo mlingo kubadwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo anthu ambiri a m'mizinda ya dera Voronezh amakhala ndi mitengo otsika kubadwa ndi kukula pamatenda ndi kukula m'matauni ndi basi chifukwa kusamuka.

Amayembekezeka kukhala ndi moyo, koma wina chizindikiro cha chitukuko umoyo ndi zachuma a m'dera, m'chigawo Voronezh ikukula. Ndi pafupifupi zaka 70,1 kwa amuna - 64,7 akazi - 77,1. Malinga index izi Voronezh dera ali malo 25 mu Russia, chimene chiri chabwino kwambiri.

ntchito

Umoyo wa anthu amaperekedwa ndi bwino kukhala ndi chuma ntchito. M'dera Voronezh ndi kuchepa ulova ndi kuwonjezeka mu ntchito. Pafupifupi mlingo ulova ndi 4.4%, lomwe ndi pang'ono kuposa m'madera oyandikana nawo.

M'dera pali mkulu ntchito kwa anthu okhala ulimi, kupanga ndi utumiki mafakitale.