Utatu Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa

Mu North, Russia akadali zisungidwe malo, pa nthawi imene ilibe mphamvu, kumene kuli pang'onopang'ono. Mmodzi wa iwo ili mu dera Arkhangelsk, kumene kuwala chosadziwika kwa White Mausiku akukwera kumwamba ndi mitanda golide wa Woyera Utatu Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa - umboni ndi ophunzira a zochitika zambiri za mbiri yathu. zaka zoposa zinayi icho chinali chimodzi cha zazikulu Orthodox tiakachisi dziko lathu, ndipo ambiri akhoza kundiuza makoma ake. Ife muyenera kumvetsera.

napempha mnyamata

Amadziwika kuti mu zaka zao za sikisite wa XV atumwi a Novgorod Wamkulu, atasamukira ku mudzi Kekhta Dvina parishi achipembedzo banja la mlimi wolemera dzina lake Nikifor. Iye anali wolimbikira munthu, chifukwa ndi chitukuko mu nyumba sanali anawamasulira. Only mavuto aonongeka moyo wa anapita kukagwira - osati Yehova anadalitsa mkazi wake Agafia kubereka ana. Kodi papita zaka zambiri chifukwa chinapululutsa atatu kumidzi Pop padziko olankhulira kukwaniritsa sacramenti lalikulu la ukwati, koma panalibe oganiza kanyumba wake wa mawu ana.

Mu zaka za osabereka ankadziwa mankhwala amodzi - wokhu- mkazi mu mpingo, nagwa pamaso Zizindikiro mdima maso kwinaku napempha Mfumukazi ya Kumwamba Watsitsira mwana wake yaitali. Ine osati kamodzi anapita pa ulendo ndipo Agatha. Clal ankagona ndi kuika makumi mapaundi makandulo - zabwino ingachepe chikwama mwamuna wake sichinayambe anawamasulira. Ndipo iye anapempha chimwemwe chomwecho - izo wodala mayi wa Mwana wa Mulungu, amene pa ubatizo woyera dzina lake Andrew.

lalifupi ukwati

Iwo kalekale yakula motani anthu amene ali pano, adapempha Mulungu, ana ndi wodzazidwa ndi chifukwa ndi ukoma. mnyamata kuti Andrew anamvetsetsa m'chaka dipuloma ndipo anaphunzira kwa mafano luso parishi wansembe. Kotero iye anakulira, kutumikira m'kachisi wa Mulungu ndi kuthandiza makolo kusunga dziko lao lalikulu, mpaka Ambuye anawaitana.

Andrew adali atakula, ndipo zaka makumi awiri ndi zisanu pamene iye anaona kuti athandize kusiya nyumba ya atate ake ndi kupita ku Novgorod, kumene iwo anachokera kamodzi makolo ake anamwalira. Poti chinapezeka msanga - amphamvu ndi malo mnyamatayo anatenga mu utumiki wake Ambuye m'dera ndi pamaso aphata moyo wake, kuti m'chaka chachisanu anapereka mwana wake wamkazi. Koma kudziwa, izo sizinali pa chifuniro cha Mulungu - anamwalira patapita chaka woyamba mkazi, ndipo iye ndi atate ake.

Novopostrizhennik Anthony

Kwirirani pafupi awo akufa kwa iye ndi chisoni, mwachizolowezi, anaganizira za izo ndi Andrei anamvetsa chifukwa, kuti si tsoka iye kukhala dziko, kuphatikizapo uchimo ndi mayesero, ndipo anadzipereka kwa Mulungu, kutsekeredwa imodzi mwa nyumba zikuluzikulu za oyera, chimene monga lambiri Russian dziko. Anapemphera odala pa wansembe kwambiri kuti korona chaka chapitacho ndi mwana wamkazi Boyar, zonse iye anasiya Novgorod, koma mapazi ake imatsogoleredwa osati Dvina parishi kumene ataima nyumba yopanda bambo wake, ndipo mu obisika woyera, anamanga pa mtsinje Ken, pafupi ndi tauni ya Kargopol.

Apa, mu mpanda wa agulupa wakale anayamba Andrei kukwera kwa korona wa chiyero, adameta ndi Chimonko, dzina lache Anthony. Chaka anakhala m'manda iye kumene kumakhala Amonke zolemba - akanadulidwa m'nkhalango wakale, atadzula ndi stumps, kuchotsa malo dimba, ndiye palinso ndipo anayesetsa kupereka chakudya kwa abale.

Koma koposa zonse ndinafunitsitsa mtima kwake kusamalira odwala ndi osowa, amene pogona unakhazikitsidwa obisika a. Anthony anagona mu pemphero chipulumutso cha miyoyo ya Akristu onse Orthodox. Posakhalitsa, bambo ake auzimu, St. Pachomius Kesko woikidwa iye ansembe, ndipo anadalitsa mavuto a seclusion, amene wachita kale kulankhula naye Anthony.

Pa njira m'malo oyera

Anthony anasiya mpanda wa agulupa kumene kuli anthu osati mmodzi koma comrades awiri ngati mmene anachitira, kufunafuna pemphero mthunzi. Tiyeni ife tipemphere, iwo anapuma m'nkhalango moti nkhalango, anapita kwa mpanda wa agulupa lapansi. Choyamba kwa pustynnozhitelstva agulupa ake anasankha kumbuto pa gombe Emtsa, kudula foni palokha, ndipo ngakhale anamanga matabwa mpingo waung'ono mu ulemu wa St. Nicholas. Koma podgadil iwo mdani wa mtundu wa anthu - iye anakwiyira iwo mitima ya m'deralo amene asankha kuti Chimonko ndikufuna kutenga dzikolo. Chimonko lisamuke vending malo ndi kupitiriza akungoyendayenda zikusowa a ogontha. Tikumbukenso kuti ndi nthawi chiwerengero chawo chinali wodzilemekeza ndi kudzipatula-olambira zitatu.

Koma sindinafunse kusiya Mbuye wawo, anatumiza panjira msodzi dzina lakuti Samueli. Ndipo Iye adafotokoza ndi Wanderers ikani on Lake Mikhailova, pamene palibe umodzi anakhalako, koma kwa nthawi makedzana ndimakhoza kumva kulira mabelu kotero angelo kuimba. Ndipo zinali ndi iye kutali - ulendo wa masiku atatu okha 'ndi mfundo Russian - kwambiri.

An nthano zakale amanena kuti iye anadza pamalopo, Samueli anamvetsetsa Chimonko mu mitima yawo, amene ali woyera, ndi kukhala kumeneko tidakhala, amene lidzapulumuka m'ma. Ndipo iwo kuvala kopanda headland nkhalango nyanja Mikhailovsky mtanda chidzafa mu dzuwa utomoni atsopano paini, potero kutanthauza malo ya agulupa m'tsogolo.

Masitepe oyamba kovuta

Dzina ya agulupa tsogolo adzalandira sia mtsinje ukuyenda mwa Nyanja St. Michael, ndi ndilo tributary lamanja la Dvina. Zinali, ndi nyanja wolemera nsomba ndi nkhalango m'nkhalango mozungulira - chirombo, koma si zokwanira kukhala, ndipo amayenera kutenga kudula mitengo ndi kuswa pansi. Ndipo zimene kulima? Akavalo satero. Kuti itagwiritsidwa anthu a Mulungu pa nthawi mu pulawo amamwa, overwrought, ndipo adagwa pa mizere atsopano.

Amadziwika kuti Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa analeredwa zinthu lovuta kwambiri. Panali ngakhale nthawi pamene Chimonko cha kutopa, watsala pang'ono kuchoka pa malo atsopano, ndi mawu okhawo koma pemphero la Mlangizi wawo wauzimu, Anthony anathandiza akunde amantha kufooka panthawiyi. Koma mothandizidwa ndi Mulungu, iwo potsirizira pake linathetsedwa pansi ndipo anamanga mpingo woyamba matabwa m'dzina la Utatu Woyera. kakatundu Aika anali chithunzi cha Woyera Utatu, lolembedwa ndi Anthony, adakali oyambirira ankakhoza bwino iconography.

M'zaka yaitali Utatu Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa anali wotchuka onse pa dziko kachisi uyu. Kudzera mapemphero a amwendamnjira kutsogolo kwa malo ake a machiritso. Pomaliza kukhulupirira chinthu chodala, pamene tsiku lina mpingo chidwi ndi mphezi, ndi pambuyo moto anawononga mkati lonse la nyumbayo, kuchokera mulu wa phulusa yotengedwa mafano, kwathunthu osafikiridwa ndi moto.

Kalonga dipuloma

Mayendedwe boma la Woyera Utatu Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa anali mu 1552, pamene abbot, tsogolo woyera St. Anthony, anatumidwa ku Moscow ku Grand Prince Vasily III Chimonko awiri ndi pempho kukhazikitsidwa malo a. Mokokomeza wolamulira anasangalala mapemphero awo ndi kuwabweza osati kudandaula kalata, komanso mphatso chikumbukiro moyo wake.

Wodala imfa ndi canonization

St. Anthony anakhala ndi makumi asanu ndi anayi, makumi asanu ndi awiri a iwo anakhala mu obisika anakhazikitsa, apo kusiya kwa seclusion yochepa chifukwa cha kufunika kwa pemphero mthunzi. Atafunsidwa asanafe, kumene iye akufuna m'manda, ndi wokonda moyo wodzimana amalangidwa (kuti aone choncho!) Kuchita thupi lake mu nkhalango ndi kuwasiya iwo kwa zirombo ndi mbalame, kuti phwandu ya maliro ndi iwo anakumbukira pamaso Mulungu. Only lacrimal kuchonderera m'bale kukhulupirira kuti asiye maganizo ake.

Adapita Ambuye pa December 20, 1556, nthawi ya ulamuliro wa mfumu Ivan IV m'khutu, ndi Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa anapitiriza moyo wake pansi pa rector watsopano - mkulu Cyril, anati Anthony mu chifuniro chake. Iye yekha kwa moyo wabwino ndi zozizwitsa zambiri mu 1579 anali canonized.

Woyera Utatu Cathedral

kukumbukira chikondwerero ndi Mpingo Orthodox pa December 20, ndipo pa tsiku limeneli Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa, chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani ino, wodzazidwa ndi mazana a amwendamnjira akubwera kuchokera konsekonse pa dziko kulemekeza yokumbukira ndi kulambira zotsalira woyera, kupumula tsopano pansi nsengwa Utatu Cathedral, anamangapo pambuyo pa imfa ya woyera mtima.

Bookmark mpingo uno zisanu ozungulira unapangidwa mu 1589 ndi Ufumu Wake chilolezo ndiye akulamulira mwayekha Fodora Ioannovicha (mwana Ivana Groznogo). Mu kuwerenga wake ndi kulemba, anatumiza ansembe, iye analamulira kuti amange pa chitsanzo cha Kuuka Cathedral mu Moscow Novodevichy Akatolika ndipo ngakhale kuthandiza omanga anali atatumiza odziwa mbuye Zahara. ntchito Zonse anachita ndi Vologda gulu la anthu osema miyala ndipo anamaliza mu 1606, ndipo mpingo opatulidwira posachedwa.

Obisika - umboni kuti mbiri

Mu zaka XVI-XVII Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa akutenga malo mmodzi wa kutsogolera malo lauzimu la North la Russia, ndipo adzaupereka kwa malo yofunika mbiri yake. Amadziwika kuti makoma awa anatumikira zaka zisanu Buku manyazi boyar Fedor Nikitich Romanov - bambo a mfumu ya m'tsogolo, woyambitsa wa Romanov mafumu - Mikhail Fedorovich. Ndi pano pa behest wa ndiye akulamulira Boyar Boris Godunov anatenga malonjezo kumene kumakhala Amonke ndi dzina Filaret.

Patapita zaka, pamene iye anabwerera ku Polish ukapolo, iye adzakhala kholo la Moscow onse Russia. Musaiwale ndiye Filaret wachifundo abbot Yona, ndimayesetsa zimene mwina amuthandize, ndipo anakwera mabishopu, zikomo kwa mphatso. Obisika makoma kumbukirani ndi wamng'ono kwambiri Mihaila Lomonosova, anasiya pano pa ulendo Moscow.

ogula Royal wa agulupa ya

Kuyambira masiku oyambirira a mbiri yake Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa anasangalala malo omwewo olamulira wapamwamba Russia. Yambani kuika Grand Prince Vasily III, pamene tatchulazi, anatumiza pamodzi ndi hayala kwa mphatso zawo. Umayembekedzera gawo lochititsa mwana wake Ivan Grozny, koma izo nzoona, m'njira yosiyana. Iye m'manja agulupa yaitali mndandanda wa anawapha boyars namuika ndi rubles zikwi chikumbukiro miyoyo yawo - kwenikweni uyu anali wolamulira wachikondi.

Anakwera pambuyo pake pa mpando wachifumu wa mfumu Fedor osati ndalama pomanga Woyera Utatu Cathedral, koma Anamupatsanso stasemidesyatipudovy belo. Osati woumira, ndi Boris Godunov, anapatsa agulupa ya rubles mazana asanu, ndipo ambiri wokondedwa ziwiya mpingo. othandizira ndalama abale onse mwakhama kukumbukiridwa mapemphero ndi anapanga kujambula mu wapadera "buku Stern."

M'kupita kwa nthawi, Woyera Utatu Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa analowa mphamvu imene osati anasangalala kuwolowa manja kwa kulamulira mafumu, koma Mobwerezabwereza anali kuwapereka thandizo. Mwachitsanzo, mfumu Mikhail Fedorovich mtengo wa nkhondo ndi Sweden anaphimba kwa ndalama operekedwa ndi chuma chake kumene kumakhala Amonke, ndi atate wake - Alexis, kutenga ngongole kwa rearmament.

amwendamnjira korona

Umagwira ntchito yotamandika ndipo Haji ku Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa kulamulira mafumu. autocrats Russian mobwerezabwereza anapita makoma akale, kusunga chikumbukiro cha makolo awo. Mwachitsanzo, m'chaka cha 1819 anali ulemu ndi ulendo wa Mfumu Alexander I, ndi mu 1856 - mphwake Alexander II. alendo kawirikawiri anali Grand Atsogoleri Akuimira Ndani. Kulandira alendo olemekezeka panali mwambo wapadera.

Mwachibadwa, bwana, kubwera pasadakhale ophimba pa, anapita wapansi kuti zipata woyera, ndipo kumeneko anakumana ndi abbot ndi abale, anadalitsa chizindikiro cha St Anthony, lomwe nthawi yomweyo analandira monga mphatso. Pambuyo msonkhano wapadera pemphero Woyera Utatu Cathedral ndipo masana kumpanda wa abbot a. Nkosafuna kunena kuti akamuchezera chinathandiza kufika kwa obisika ambiri aulendo wamba, mowolowa manja kubwezeretsanso chuma chake.

Lagolide zaka obisika ndi

Akukhulupirira kuti heyday wa agulupa anabwera m'zaka XVII. Mmenemo anakhala pamenepo za agulupa mazana awiri, mphamvu zimene nyumba sikisi kachisi anamangidwa, ndi lapadera kwambiri awa anali kachisi wa Annunciation lapansi. Pa ulemerero wa agulupa ntchito ya amisiri wotchuka wa nthawi, monga Fyodor Zubov ndi Vasily Kondakov. The anawasema ya agulupa zipilala ambiri apadera a chikhalidwe Russian anasonkhana.

Features wa Woyera Utatu Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa, monga pamodzi kuti gulu lapadera la zakale, mapulani apachiyambi, zachipembedzo, ubale ndi kukongola kwa chilengedwe yapafupi ya kumpoto, zimamuthandiza malo otchuka pakati mchitidwe umenewu ena woyera wa Russia.

M'njiramo kowopsya

Pambuyo pa October kuukira boma la Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa nawo mokwanira tsoka ambiri mchitidwe Russian. Mu 1923 izo chinatsekedwa gawo la chuma anatumizidwa ku mabungwe a boma, ndi zina chabe kaŵirikaŵiri. M'madera Chimonko ntchito moyo ndi kuchita misonkhano ya chipembedzo, iwo anapanga njuchi chifukwa delinquents ana. Mkulu obisika makoma - musati kuthawa. Mu zaka wotsatira, pali anaiika, ndi mabungwe ena kuti analibe poyerekezera ndi chipembedzo.

Kubwezeretsedwa obisika

Only mkubwela kwa perestroika, boma anasintha ndondomeko pa chipembedzo, agulupa anali anabwerera ku mpingo. Koma kulanda ofunda malo ndi nyumba anali pa sizitanthauza kubadwanso yake pakati wauzimu. Anthony a Siya ansembe yotchedwa amene zithunzi kupereka lingaliro za kulekana ndi kulunjika wa nyumba ya Chilwa m'gawo lake, akufunikira kubwezeretsa kwambiri, yomwe inkafuna ndalama kwambiri. A udindo waukulu kuthetsa mavuto amenewa ankaimba wake Woimira Archimandrite Trifon (Plotnikov), amene anatha kupeza zinthu zotiyenereza ndi yosankha akatswiri kwambiri oyenerera.

Lero Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa (Arkhangelsk dera) kuti atachira kwathunthu ulemerero wake wakale. Anakhalanso malo amene amakopeka zikwi Russia amene akufuna kukhudza mbiri moyo wa Mama. Uwu ndi umboni wosatsutsika wotanganidwa ndandanda Haji utumiki wa agulupa kuikidwa pa intaneti ake.

Funso zambiri choti kwa iwo ofuna kukaona Anthony wa Siya ansembe yotchedwa: "Momwe ansembe imeneyi, yomwe ili mu mtima wa Russian North?". Kuchita izi, inu mukhoza kutenga basi chiwerengero 503 kusiya kwa Arkhangelsk kuti Emetsk kapena wina chiwerengero basi 511, 505 ndi 520. Iye amene ali ndi mayendedwe munthu akhoza kufika pa njanji nambala 8 Arkhangelsk - Moscow. 151 Km adzakhala kutembenukira kumanja ndi Cholozera kake.

metochion

Mu 2000, chiyero chake mabishopu, Alexy II anadalitsa kutsegula mu St. Petersburg m'misewu Olgi Forsh obisika Woyera Utatu agulupa ya Anthony wa Siya. Izo analengedwa ndi tsopano ndi mbali zofunika kwambiri za atumiki okhulupirika omwe amakhala m'derali, komanso chiwerengero cha kindergartens. Agulupa chomwecho udzakhazikitsidwa mbali zina za dziko.