Tricuspid regurgitation wa digirii 1 - ndichiyani ndipo kodi mankhwala?

Tricuspid regurgitation - ndi mtundu umodzi wa matenda a mtima, mmene muli kubwerera kwa magazi pa systole kuponya kuchokera ventricle bwino kuti patsekeke wa atrium bwino. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi tricuspid (tricuspid) valavu, mwachitsanzo. E. Zosamaliza kutseka masamba pakhomo. Tricuspid vavu regurgitation ndi kuthi kapena kobadwa nako.

Origin akuti

Mawu "regurgitation" amachokera ku gurgitare Latin - "kusefukira" - ndi manambala oyambirira ku-, kusonyeza azisiyana, mwachitsanzo, pali zosiyana akulowera wabwinobwino ... Pankhaniyi - ndi backflow magazi.

Zimayambitsa kobadwa nako tricuspid regurgitation

The zimakonda anomalies kobadwa nako ndi:

• timapepala ta hypoplasia vavu;
• nthenda chitukuko (chiwerengero) ya timapepala ta valavu;
• dysplasia minofu connective;
• Ehlers-Danlos syndrome;
• Marfan syndrome;
• Ebstein a anomaly.

Tricuspid regurgitation mu wosabadwa kwayekha chosowa kwambiri, kaŵirikaŵiri pamodzi ndi zilema zina mtima. Izi kulephera vavu angakhudze chilema mitral-kung'ambika-tricuspid.

Zimayambitsa anapeza tricuspid regurgitation

Tricuspid vavu regurgitation anapeza zambiri wamba kuposa kobadwa nako. Ndi pulayimale ndi sekondale. Zimayambitsa chachikulu cha matenda monga misempha, zizolowezi, syndrome carcinoid.

1. enaake ophwanya m'thupi - ndi chifukwa ambiri a matenda. 20% milandu, ndicho kobwereza enaake ophwanya endocarditis kumabweretsa mapindikidwe (thickening ndi kufupikitsa) kwa kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke vavu mofanana lingo ndi kusintha tendon ulusi. Nthawi zambiri matenda chikugwirizana stenosis wa lamanja atrioventricular kutsegula. kuphatikiza amatchedwa ophatikizana tricuspid chilema.
2. Chophukacho minofu papillary amathanso kuyambitsa regurgitation tricuspid. mipata izi zimachitika infarctions m'mnyewa wamtima, kapena ali ndi magwero zoopsa.
3. syndrome Carcinoid akhoza kuyambitsa matenda. Kumachitika mu mitundu ina ya khansa, monga khansa ya yaing'ono intestine, n'kuwasanganiza, kapena m'mapapo.
4. Chikuonetseratu mankhwala zovuta zambiri kumayambitsa infective endocarditis, ndi nayenso, zikhoza tricuspid regurgitation.

Zimayambitsa tricuspid sekondale insufficiency zotsatirazi matenda ndi zambiri:

• dilation wa annulus fibrosus, yomwe ikutuluka cardiomyopathy dilated;
• mkulu mlingo wa matenda oopsa m'mapapo mwanga;
• kufooka kwa ventricle lamanja, lomwe likupezeka mu otchedwa mtima m'mapapo mwanga;
• aakulu kulephera mtima;
• myocarditis;
• myocardiodystrophy.

Zizindikiro ana

Kobadwa nako tricuspid regurgitation makanda 25% milandu, kuwonetsera monga tachycardia supraventricular kapena matenda fibrillation, mwina patapita awulule aakulu kulephera mtima.

Mu ana okulirapo, ngakhale pa katundu osachepera limapezeka kufupika kwa mpweya ndi palpitations. The mwana angadandaule ululu mu mtima. Zingaoneke matenda dyspeptic (nseru, kusanza, flatulence), ndipo ululu kapena maganizo a kulemera mu hypochondrium bwino. Ngati pali kuchulukana mu makope zokhudza zonse, ndiye pali zotumphukira edema, ascites, hydrothorax kapena hepatomegaly. Zonsezi ndi chikhalidwe kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za matenda akuluakulu

Ngati kudwala ndi kuthi m'tsogolo, pa siteji yoyamba ya munthu pa izo simungathe ngakhale akuganiza. Pang'ono tricuspid regurgitation kumachitika kokha odwala ena throbbing khosi mitsempha. Zizindikiro zina wodwala si taonera. Tricuspid vavu regurgitation wa digirii 1 akhoza alibe kuonekera. Childs, kudwala izi zimapezeka mwangozi pa kuona zachipatala lotsatira. Wodwala chimafikira echocardiography, kumene wapezeka tricuspid regurgitation 1 digiri. Ndichiyani - watola kokha pambuyo mayeso. odwala amenewa kawirikawiri akutsimikizira ndi cardiologist ndi maso.

Zoopsa kwambiri valavu pali chotupa yofunika kwambiri mitsempha jugular. Pankhaniyi, ngati ndi ufulu mtsempha jugular kuti dzanja, iwe ukhoza kumverera kugwedezeka. Zikavuta, zotsatira kudwala mu yamitsempha yamagazi kukanika lamanja, matenda fibrillation, kapena kulephera mtima zingachititse.

diagnostics

Matendawa "tricuspid regurgitation 1 digiri" kapena zina zitha kukhala pambuyo bwinobwino wodwala. Kuti tichite zimenezi, adzadutsa zotsatirazi:

• .. thupi Kupenda njira, mwachitsanzo auscultation ndi malankhulidwe ndi stethoscope ndi kung'ung'udza mtima;
• Echocardiography (echocardiography) - ultrasound mtima, amene limatchula udindo wa minofu mtima ndi mavavu zinchito ndi morphological;
• ECG, imene mukhoza kuona zizindikiro za atrium kukula bwino ndi ventricle za mtima;
• pachifuwa x-ray - pamene kafukufuku anapeza kuchuluka bwino yamitsempha yamagazi miyeso, sakhoza kuona zizindikiro za matenda oopsa m'mapapo mwanga ndi mapindikidwe wa mitral ndi mavavu kung'ambika;
• kutulutsa magazi amuzolengedwa;
• wathunthu magazi;
• mtima catheterization - ichi atsopano olanda ndondomeko ntchito matenda a pathologies mtima ndi mankhwala.

Gawo

Tidapeza kuti tricuspid vavu regurgitation etiology kungakhale kobadwa nako kapena kugula, chachikulu (organic) kapena sekondale (zinchito). Organic insufficiency anasonyeza mapindikidwe valvular: thickening ndi makwinya wa timapepala ta valavu kapena calcification. Zinchito kuwonongeka akuwonekera pamene valavu kukanika chifukwa cha matenda ena, akuwonetseredwa chotupa cha papillary minofu kapena tendon makodi kulakwila anulus.

mmene matenda

Kusiyanitsa madigiri 4 matenda, amene yodziwika ndi kuponyera yaitali magazi chigamulocho ndege ziliri pa M'mimbamo wa atrium bwino.

Tricuspid regurgitation wa digirii 1 - ndichiyani? Mu nkhani iyi, magazi kubwerera kuponya ndi osafunika ndi nkomwe zotsimikizika. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo ziribe kanthu zomwe si kudandaula. Chithunzi matenda akusowa.

Pamene matenda a "digirii ya tricuspid regurgitation 2" n'zosiyana ndege kuponyera magazi kumachitika mwa masentimita 2 makoma valavu. Clinic pa siteji iyi ya matenda ndi pafupifupi kwina, angathe bwino anasonyeza pulsation jugular mitsempha.

Regurgitation tricuspid vavu 3 anatsimikiza ndi mlingo wa n'zosiyana regurgitation panopa magazi kwa masentimita oposa 2 ku valavu tricuspid. Odwala kupatula mitsempha ripple khosi angaone palpitations, kufooka ndi kutopa, ngakhale pang'ono kufupika kwa mpweya kumachitika ntchito otsika thupi.

Matendawa ali ndi makhalidwe aakulu grade 4 ndege n'zosiyana magazi akuponya kwa kutali vavu kuti patsekeke wa atrium bwino. Mu aakulu wodwalayo zizindikiro za kulephera aakulu mtima ndi matenda oopsa m'mapapo mwanga zingaoneke (m'mapapo mwanga ndi tricuspid regurgitation). Pankhaniyi, zizindikiro tatchulazi, limodzi ndi ena. Ndicho, m'munsi nthambi edema, kumverera pulsation kumanzere sternum, amene kumawonjezera inspiratory, mkhutu mtima zikumveka, m'makona ozizira, anaonjezera chiwindi, ascites (madzimadzi kudzikundikira mu zonse m'mimba), kupweteka m'mimba, ndi enaake ophwanya chikhalidwe cha matenda zingaoneke kung'ambika kapena mitral.

chithandizo

chithandizo zimadalira kukula kwa matendawa, komanso kaya limodzi ndi zilema zina mtima ndi kuvutika kapena ayi. Pamene matenda "tricuspid vavu regurgitation 1 digiri" chithandizo zambiri palibe mlandu. Chikhalidwe chotere madokotala amaona ngati zosinthika yachibadwa. Ngati tricuspid regurgitation 1 digiri chifukwa matenda ena, monga matenda a m'mapapo la misempha kapena infective endocarditis, chiyenera kukhala mankhwala a matenda provocateur. Ngati kuchotsa matenda chachikulu, ndi kusiya mapindikidwe winanso wa vavu tricuspid. Choncho, tricuspid regurgitation 1 digiri - ndichiyani ndi mmene tiyenera kuchitira izo, tsopano bwino. Taonani gawo lotsatira la matenda.

Tricuspid vavu regurgitation kalasi 2 zambiri sikutanthauza chithandizo. Ngati kudwala amagwirizana ndi malformations ena, kapena matenda mtima monga kulephera congestive mtima, m'pofunika kuchiza ndi njira ndiwofatsa. Chifukwa chaichi, okodzetsa ntchito kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kukonzekera, kumasula nyama yosalala Mitsempha (vasodilators). njira zina tricuspid regurgitation kalasi 2 safunikira.

Chithandizo cha kalasi 3 ndi 4 analangizanso kuti Kupha matenda, regurgitation akumvera. Ngati sachiza, opaleshoni mawu. Pamene zimenezi zili pulasitiki amaperekedwa vavu kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke, awo annuloplasty (podshivanie kusintha kapena olimba mphete komanso mwina valavu suture mphete ndi suturing) kapena prosthesis.

mitral regurgitation

Pamene kulephera kwa vavu mitral, pamene kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke ake atsekedwa mwamphamvu zokwanira, pali otaya n'zosiyana magazi kuchokera ventricle kumanzere mu atrium lamanzere pa systole. Matenda amatchedwa mitral regurgitation kapena mitral vavu prolapse. kudwala ichi monga regurgitation tricuspid ikhoza kukhala kobadwa nako kapena kugula. Zoyambitsa ndi matenda ku matenda a "mitral" ndi "tricuspid regurgitation" ndi ofanana. Pati, kuona kuopsa kwa matenda, 4 okha, iwo amadalira kuchuluka kwa magazi n'zosiyana panopa:

• 1 digiri - pang'ono mitral regurgitation;
• 2 digiri - zolimbitsa mitral regurgitation;
• 3 digiri - anasonyeza chidwi mitral regurgitation;
• 4 digiri - aakulu mitral regurgitation zambiri amapezeka odwala.

Zilibe mitral, tricuspid regurgitation 1 digiri kuchititsa kudandaula ayi cholinga cha mtima, palibe mankhwala chofunika. kuchizira matenda ikuchitika matenda zovuta, mwachitsanzo, mtima mungoli chisokonezo kapena matenda oopsa m'mapapo mwanga. Opaleshoni alowererepo imaonekera mu woopsa kwambiri kapena mitral insufficiency, mu milandu kupanga pulasitiki kapena vavu apulasitiki.

Kuphatikiza mitral ndi tricuspid insufficiency

Kawirikawiri mitral ndi tricuspid regurgitation amapezeka mu wodwala wina nthawi yomweyo. Cardiologist pambuyo tinafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane ndi kusanthula zotsatira adzatenga zochita pa njira za mankhwala wodwala. Ngati kulephera kuli nthambi pang'ono anasonyeza mwina palibe mankhwala chofunika koma ayenera nthawi anamuona cardiologist ndi pochitika mayeso zofunika.

Ngati anayamba chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mavavu, izo nkhani kuchizira matenda umalimbana ndi kuthetsa matenda provocateur. Popeza mphamvu zabwino wa chithandizocho anasonyeza regurgitation opaleshoni. Kawirikawiri izi ndi matenda Amowabu ndi woopsa.

Odwala amene anakumana chithandizo opaleshoni valavu insufficiency, zambiri zoikidwa ndi phwando anticoagulants zina.

kaonedwe

regurgitation Secondary imatengedwa kwambiri prognostically akumane. Kufa kwa wodwala mu nkhani iyi zambiri amapezeka ku infarction m'mnyewa wamtima, kuwonjezeka mtima kulephera, chibayo kapena embolism m'mapapo mwanga.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, mankhwala opaleshoni ya mtima vavu insufficiency mtima kupulumuka kwa zaka 5 ndipo kuposa 65% pambuyo prosthesis ndi 70% pambuyo annuloplasty.

Yabwino madokotala ananena zawo pa matenda "tricuspid regurgitation wa digirii 1." Chimene icho chiri, odwala zambiri tikupeza lokha pa mayeso njira. Pamene mwana kulephera mwachindunji kuopseza moyo si kuli nthambi mtima.

Pomaliza

Kuteteza wa mitral ndi tricuspid insufficiency ndi kupewa matenda kuti tifulumizane kulephera kuli nthambi. Ndicho, chithandizo cha matenda la misempha ndipo ena kuchititsa kuwonongeka kwa mavavu mtima.