Thomas Young: zopereka sayansi

Nkhaniyi imatiuza za amene ali Thomas Young, amene anathandizira chitukuko cha sayansi zimene chirichonse pambali pa kuchita izo.

sayansi

Nthawi zonse panali kuonelela amene anali ndi chidwi kudziwa kapangidwe woona wa chilengedwe chonse, zina payekha kapena zochitika. Mu nthawi yathu, sayansi kwa anthu, palibe amene amakayikira Komabe, si nthawi zonse. Mwamwayi, masiku amenewo ali kale, ndipo omaliza zaka mazana angapo mosalekeza anachita atulukira kwambiri a sayansi ndi maphunziro ena a sayansi. Ndipo Thomas Young - mmodzi wa amene avala ndime ndi asayansi ena wamkulu wa zaka zapitazi - Becquerel, Lomonosov, Mendeleev.

Koma chimene iye ali otchuka chiyani, ndipo anatulukira? Izi ndi zimene tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino. sayansi iyi imatchedwanso chifukwa chakuti sunali maphunziro ake a sayansi yekha. Chifukwa cha ntchito ya sayansi pa Optics, zimango, philology ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa la masomphenya.

chopereka Thomas Young kuti chitukuko cha sayansi

Mu 1793 Jung mu imodzi mwa ntchito zake zoyenera diso la munthu, ananena kuti diso malawi kumachitika mwa njira kusintha pa kupindika disolo. mapendedwe zapangitsa asayansi kukhulupirira kuti chiphunzitso corpuscular kuwala m'munda wa Optics, umene panthawi imeneyo ankaona wamphamvu, si zoona ndithu. Pamene Jung chinali mu mtima wa chiphunzitso funde la kuwala, pafupifupi onse asayansi England pa nthawi sanagwirizane ndi iye, pansi pa mavuto maganizo awo pa nthawi anasiya wake okha. Komabe, patapita Thomas Young anabwerera ku chiphunzitso yoweyula wake wa kuwala, ndipo anali oyamba taganizani vuto superposition mafunde. Kufufuza chodabwitsa imeneyi, anapeza mfundo kusokonezedwa. Komabe, mawu anayamba ndi Jung, Patapita zaka zingapo.

Ndipo mu lipoti ku Royal Society, iye anapereka malongosoledwe loyamba otchedwa mphete Newton wachokera pa maziko a kuwasokoneza, ndipo analankhula za mayesero ake choyamba, cholinga cha zomwe m'litali mafunde osiyana kuwala. Kotero tsopano ife tikudziwa chomwe wotchuka Thomas Young.

Mu 1804 iye tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane ndipo anafotokoza chodabwitsa mapindidwe akuwala. Atafufuza wasayansi Fresnel kusokonezedwa kuwala, amene magetsi, Jung conjectured kopeechnogo kuwala yoweyula oscillations. Kuphatikizapo Jung nyota anatchula chitukuko cha chiphunzitso cha masomphenya mtundu, ozikidwa pa kopanda kuti maso chipolopolo ndi kuwala tcheru ulusi amene amathandiza atatu sipekitiramu lalikulu kuwala. Tsopano taganizirani odziwika bwino kwambiri a Thomas Young.

zinachitikira

Zimenezi zinali umboni wa chiphunzitso funde la kuwala. Koma choyamba zotsatira zinasindikizidwa mu 1803. Mu kuyesera, ndi mtanda wa kuwala imatsogoleredwa kumtunda chophimba opaque amene anapezedwa slits awiri kufanana. Kumbuyo yotchinga anali wokwera ziyerekezo chophimba. The peculiarity wa slits anali kufanana ndi wa m'lifupi awo pafupifupi wofanana ndi timaganiza za kuunika panamveka mu zimenezo. Ndipo chifukwa cha zimenezi, pa zenera ndi mndandanda wa M'mphepete kuwasokoneza, zomwe zikutsimikizira kulondola kwa chiphunzitso, zomwe ananena Thomas Young. akungokuonani sayansi anasonyeza yoweyula chikhalidwe cha kuwala.

mapepala ena a sayansi

Ine chinkhoswe mu katswiri chapadera nthawi yake monga zilankhulo - kutsimikizira zimakhalira pachibale a zinenero m'mayiko a ku Ulaya. Ndipo mwa njira, tanthawuzo la "m'mayiko a ku Ulaya" iye ndiye anabwera ndi. Palinso zimene anachita - kumayambiriro mbali monga mtengo n'zosangalatsa kumva za elasticity mu psinjika kapena mavuto, lomwe linadzadziŵika modulus ndi Young.

Thomas Jung: A MBIRI

Wasayansi tsogolo anabadwa mu 1773 ku banja la kumodzi silika ogulitsa. Posakhalitsa ndinaphunzira kuwerenga ndipo ali mwana kukumbukira kwambiri, chidwi ndi cholinga amphamvu masayansi. Choncho, mwamsanga zaka 8 iye kwambiri chidwi masamu ndipo geodesy, amene anasonyeza matalente chidwi. Ndipo monga wachinyamata, kale anali zinenero monga Latin, Chihebri, Italy, Arabic ndi French. Osati aliyense akhoza kudzitama za nzeru zochuluka zinenero! Pamwamba pa izi, malinga ndi takumbukira abale, monga Jung ankakonda mbiri ndi zomera.

Koma Jung unali adasankhidwa phunziro ya moyo wake ndi mankhwala. digiri Medical analandira mu 1796. Koma chochitika, amene anamuika ndalama palokha ndipo analola kuviika wekha mu sayansi, amaganizira za gwero la ndalama, imfa ya amalume ake - iye adasiya wamng'ono Thomas lalikulu cholowa ndalama.

Kenako Jung anatsegula mchitidwe payekha zachipatala ndipo nthawi yomweyo anayamba kusindikizidwa. Koma anonymous chifukwa choopa kuti mbiri yake monga dokotala. Kenako ndinayamba kuganizira zowulutsira ndi Optics. Pa zaka 21, anakhala membala yogwira wa London Royal Society ndipo kwa nthawi ndithu unachitikira malo mlembi izo. Mu 1803 iye anakhala katswiri wa Institute Royal. Patapita chaka chimodzi, anakwatira Eliza Maxwell.

Ngakhale kupambana kwake mu sayansi, kuyambira 1811 mpaka kumapeto a moyo wa Thomas Young anapitiriza ntchito monga dokotala wina wa zipatala London. Sanatisiye kuti madokotala, ndipo mu 1818, pamene anayamba Mlembi wa Bureau des Longitudes ndi mkonzi Mabuku monga "kalendala sitimayo." Jung nayenso anathandiza kuwonjezera amodzi a Mabaibulo a "Encyclopedia Britannica" chakuti iye analemba 60 machaputala. Iwo anali makamaka biographies asayansi.

Pomaliza

Kuwonjezera ochita mankhwala ndi sayansi, ndi yodziwika kuphatikizapo woimba wabwino, connoisseur luso ndi katswiri wa masewera. Iye anafa pa ichi mwamuna mosalekeza May 10, 1829. Thomas Young anaikidwa mwa m'mabwalo a London.