Sydney Opera House - chizindikiro Australia

Green Africa pa dziko wotchuka chifukwa cha kangaroos, koalas, ofunda nyanja mafunde ndi milungu bronzed. Palinso nyumba wapadera. Pa Cape Bennelong, ngati wamphepo zopeka, akuyima misa konkire ndi galasi. Amadziwika kuti lonse dziko la opera. Mu Sydney, alendo ambiri Tingaone tsiku lililonse. Ndipo otsimikiza, kuti theka la iwo adaona nyumba wapadera, pamene winayo ndithu kukauona posachedwapa.

chozizwa latsopano

Ngati Moscow alendo mosavuta anazindikira mwa St. Vasiliya Blazhennogo, Red Square, ndi Mausoleum, ndi Opera House, ndi takambiranazi, ndithudi zikutipatsa m'maganizo athu Sydney. Photos of zowoneka Tingaone pa alendo kulikonse ku Australia. Moyang'anizana doko moyera-misa anakhala mmodzi wa katswiri wa zomangamanga mdziko. nyumbayi ali ndi diso kugwira kunja, koma mbiri chidwi.

Sydney Opera House mu mawerengero

Yomanga kutalika - mamita 67. Utali wa mamita 185, ndipo mtunda pa mfundo linafalitsidwa kwambiri -. 120 mamita Kunenepa, malinga kuwerengetsera la akatswiri, ndi 161 000 tonnes, ndi malo ali mahekitala 2.2. Pa pamalo otsetsereka a matailosi padenga la miliyoni 1. Kuwonjezera pa awiri maholo waukulu pali zoposa 900 zipinda. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu zisudzo akhoza akomere 10 000 masewera. Mu chaka cha nyumba sewero Sydney, anapita anthu 4 miliyoni.

A mbiri pang'ono

Australia sanachitepo likulu la chikhalidwe nyimbo. Pofika kumayambiriro kwa m'ma makumi awiri kumtunda opareshoni nthetemya oketsra, koma chipinda wake, iye sanali. Only pamene wotsogolera mkulu analandira Yudzhin Gusens, timakambirana za mokweza. Komabe, nkhondo ndi maphokoso nkhondo nthawi analibe chiyambi cha ntchito zikuluzikulu. Mpaka pakati pa mazana makumi awiri, mu 1955, boma anapereka chilolezo kwa yomanga. Komabe, ndalama bajeti akadali osati allocated. Search ndalama inayamba mu 1954 ndipo sanaime mu nyumba yonseyo. Mu mpikisano ntchito ntchito yabwino anapereka 233 wamanga. Kale panthawi imeneyi, zinaonekeratu pamene latsopano nyimbo zisudzo adzamangira. Mu Sydney, kumene.

Ambiri mwa ntchito za loweruza anakana, koma mmodzi wa mamembala a ntchito - Eero Saarinen - mwakhama kulimbikitsa ena amene akunyoza hapless. Zikuoneka kuti mbadwa ya Denmark - Jørn Utzon. Kwa polojekiti unaperekedwa zaka 4, bajeti ya $ 7 miliyoni. Ngakhale zokwera mapeto a 60 ntchentche za House Opera ku Sydney, ndinali tikukonza. Wazomangamanga mlandu kuti si woyenera mu bajeti ndipo sangathe kumasulira mapulani mu chowonadi. Ndi sadzachitanso yomanga koma zikadzachitika. Ndipo mu 1973, Koroleva Elizaveta II anapezeka kutsegula kwa bwalo lamasewera. M'malo mwake, zofunika pomanga zaka zinayi, ntchito chofunika 14, ndipo m'malo bajeti miliyoni 7 - 102. Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, nyumbayi inamangidwa asamathe. Ngakhale pambuyo pa zaka 40 za kukonzanso izo mpaka pano safunikira.

Kalembedwe kamangidwe ka bwalo lamasewera

Mu nthawi unawonongedwa pa zomangamanga ankalingalira otchedwa kalembedwe mayiko, mitundu ankakonda omwe - imvi mabokosi konkire mwangwiro yothandiza cholinga. Akukonza mwanjira imeneyi, ndi Australia. Sydney Opera House wakhala wokondwa zosiyana. Ilo liri mu 50 ntchentche dziko watopa wa chongosangalatsa ndipo anayamba ndi anthu ambiri kalembedwe watsopano - structural expressionism. wochirikiza lake lalikulu ndipo anali Eero Saarinen, amene pang'ono odziwika Dane anapambana Sydney. Photos wa zisudzo tsopano angapezeke mu buku lililonse pa zomangamanga. Nyumba - chitsanzo cha expressionism. Kulengedwa kwa nthawi inali nzeru, koma pofunafuna njira zatsopano nyengo nagwa pa mphindi yabwino.

Malinga pempho boma, chipinda akanayenera anaikidwa zipinda ziwiri. Wina anafuna zikuluzikulu, kuvina ndi nthetemya zoimbaimba, wachiwiri - pa chipinda nyimbo ndi zisudzo kwambiri. Sydney Opera House wamanga cholinga kwenikweni nyumba awiri, koma osati nambalayi a zipinda. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti Ndipotu iye akapanda makoma. Pamaziko a malo umodzi wa kuchuluka kwa denga yomanga ndi mawonekedwe a kupalasa lapansi. Iwo anaphimba ndi woyera matailosi zokha modabwitsa. Pa zikondwerero ndiponso pa Opera anawasema odzitukumula kuwala bwanji.

Kodi mkati?

Mu awiri arches waukulu anakonza zoimbaimba ndipo zone opera. Iwo ali wofuna kwambiri, ndi mayina awo. "Concert Hall" - lalikulu. Zimakhala akomere za 2700 masewera. M'dera chachiwiri - "Opera Hall." Bukuli lakonzedwa kuti anthu 1547. Iwo chokongoletsedwa ndi "Sun Katani" - waukulu mu dziko. Palinso awiri kwa iye, "Katani wa Moon", yomwe ili "Nyumba ya Drama". Monga dzina lake likunenera, lakonzedwa chifukwa cha sewero. Mu holo ya "nyumba ya zisudzo" unachitikira screenings. Nthawi zina ndi lecturer. "Nyumba situdiyo" - zatsopano kwa iwo onse. Pano mukhoza agwirizane masiku ed luso.

Mu ulemerero wa mtengo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito, plywood ndi pinki lubwe Turin. Ena makombo a Interiors ndi zimabweretsa Kugwirizana ndi sitimayo sitima, kupitiriza mutu wa ngalawa chiphona.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Ena amanena kuti Sydney Opera House - izi ndi boti wosangalatsa, anthu ena mapanga dongosolo, wachitatu - ngale chipolopolo. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, Utzon atamufunsa anavomereza kuti chilengedwe cha polojekiti anauziridwa Mosamala kuchotsa ndi kutumphuka lalanje. Kuyenda pa njinga kuti Eero Saarinen anasankha polojekiti, woledzera. Ndatopa mndandanda wosatha ntchito, wapampando wa ntchito ndangolandira ochepa mwachisawawa pepala kuchepetsa stacking. Zikuoneka kuti nthano anaonekera osati mopanda nsanje Utzon.

Wokongola kudenga vaulted kungapondereze zowulutsira mu nyumbayi. Kumene, sunkalandiridwa nyumba opera. Pofuna kuthetsa iwo akhala cholinga kudenga mkati zimene zimasonyeza phokoso malinga ndi malamulo a zomangamanga zisudzo.

N'zomvetsa chisoni Utzon sanali zoyembekezeka ataona itatha. Pambuyo kuchotsa nyumba, anangomusiya Australia, konse kuno. Ngakhale pambuyo ulaliki mu 2003 wa zomangamanga yapamwamba Pritzker Prize, iye sanabwere Sydney kuyang'ana pa bwalo lamasewera inamangidwa. Patapita chaka chimodzi, pambuyo gulu UNESCO pamalo Opera House udindo wa World Heritage malo, wazomangamanga anafa.