Sretensky obisika. Moscow Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa (chithunzi)

Mu mtima wa Moscow a Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa ili. zipata zake ndi lotseguka kwa Akristu onse Orthodox. Aliyense angathe kupita Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa, kuthetsa zosavuta kukumbukira: izo lili Bolshaya Lubyanka, chiwerengero 19s1.

Mbiri ya zikamera wa agulupa ya

Panali obisika mu 1397, chifukwa cha zochitika chidwi mbiri ozungulira chitetezo cha Mulungu. Ngakhale Moscow mozizwitsa kupulumutsidwa ku losagonjetseka asilikali a Tamerlane. chochitika izi zinachitika mu 1395. Pamene amafotokoza akuti Khan Timur a Tartar khamu anadutsa Russia, kusesa zonse mu njira yake. Patsogolo anali Moscow. Pakuwoneratu vuto ndithu, Grand Prince Vasily ndi akumatauni Cyprian analamula kuti ku Vladimir kwa Moscow chizindikiro zozizwitsa za Amayi a Mulungu (Vladimir). Masiku khumi izo zinali chithunzi cha momwe, izo anali limodzi ndi mapemphero misozi ya anthu Russian, amene adayima pa mawondo ake panjira. Mu Moscow, anakumana ndi chifaniziro cha Vladimir Amayi a Mulungu pa 26 August.

Ngakhale chikale chizindikiro anakumana Khan Tamerlane adalikugona mu hema wake wolemera. Anaonekera m'kulota kwa Iye mkazi, amene anali atazunguliridwa ndi asilikali ambirimbiri angelo, akuopsa kuyang'ana kwa Iye. Kamodzi Khan adadzuka, anasonkhanitsa akulu wake ndipo analamula kuti afotokoze masomphenya ake. Nawonso anasonyeza kuti mayi ake adadza kwa Mulungu Mkhristu - ndi patroness wa anthu Russian ndi mphamvu yake yoposa. Khan mantha kutanthauzira. Asilikali ake, nthawi yomweyo anabwerera m'mbuyo asanafike Moscow.

Muscovites mu chikumbukiro chozizwitsa kuika mu malo Kupereka kwa Vladimir Icon wa Mpingo. Kenako pano inamangidwa ndi Sretensky obisika.

zaka aliko

Mu Moscow masiku amenewo panali convents ambiri achipembedzo. Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa sanali m'gulu la anthu otchuka. Iye sankadziwika anamanganso ncthito ya agulupa wauzimu, agulupa chokongoletsera anali wodzichepetsa kwambiri. Moyo wa ansembe anayamba mwamtendere, mwachete bwinobwino. Agulupa Komabe, nthawi zambiri nawo zochitika poyera nthawi. Osati ntchito lomaliza ankaimba ndi obisika mu kugonjetsa mavuto amene anachitika ku likulu la zaka 1611-1613. Kukhala mafumu achifumu zinachitika mothandizidwa ndi obisika a. Chifukwa cha malo agulupa umboni Salt zipolowe mu 1648, yomwe inayamba pa makoma m'deralo. zochitika Osangalatsa zimapezekanso mu zolemba gasi. Mu 1552, n'kumene Muscovites moni asilikali amene anafika ku Kazan Nkhata, agulupa anakhala mboni kwa chochitika.

Moscow Sretensky obisika mu nthawi ya Romanovs

Woyamba wa Romanov mafumu m'malo chopatsika Sretensky obisika. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa Mfumu Theodore A .. Mwachidule anapitiriza kulamulira kwake, koma nthawi kuti obisika zambiri. Panthawi imeneyi, tchalitchi inamangidwa, nalemekeza Kupereka kwa Vladimir chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu, lero zinali anathawa kuchokera ena onse. akuthandizira kwambiri analandira mu zaka Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa, kulambira achifumu zinachitika kuno komanso.

M'zaka za m'ma XVIII agulupa anayamba kutha. Facilities izo zowawa moto mu chaka cha 1737. Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa sanabadwe nayo nthawi kuti achire ngati chochitika akuluakulu monga mu chaka cha 1737 Catherine Wachiwiri, inalamula, amene ananena za kusiya kupembedza m'mayiko wa mpingo. Agulupa anakhala zigawo. Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa akhoza kusiya Chimonko khumi ndi zinayi zokha.

Only kutha kwa zaka zana obisika anamukwiyira pang'onopang'ono moyo, anayamba anamangidwira ena nyumba.

Tidakhala pa nkhondo ya 1812

Nkhondo 1812 kwambiri bwanji chikhalidwe cha Sretensky obisika. Choona chidwi kuti nkhondo ya Borodino zinachitika tsiku limenelo, pamene ife chikondwerero cha Kupereka kwa Vladimir chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu. Muscovites anaona kuti imeneyi ndi chizindikiro chabwino. zochitika zina - ndi mthunzi wa Russian asilikali Moscow, ndi French adani a likulu wakale, kumlingo kugwedezeka ziyembekezo za anthu, koma zinthu wotsatira wa nkhondo analimbitsa chikhulupiriro Orthodoxy. Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa pa moto wa 1812 anavulala. "Pokhudzidwa pa" malo a asilikali French, iwo anafunkha zinthu zosiyana ndi za mpingo. Dziwani kuti agulupa ya Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa khama kulondera kachisi ndipo sanaime utumiki, ngakhale panthawi ya nkhondo. Ndiye, pa zaka mazana, agulupa anali mu mtendere wachibale.

Kufika kwa mphamvu Soviet

Pa chiyambi cha XX m'ma Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa anali landscaped kwathunthu, ngakhale kuti anali kukula wodzichepetsa. Mu 1907, agulupa anali novices fortini, anayi dikoni, hieromonks asanu. Posachedwapa ndi Sretensky obisika anali kupulumuka mavutowo.

Boma Soviet yomweyo kuyamba malamulo awo, nthawi yomweyo pa Mpingo. Watsimikiza 1918, kupelekedwa ndi CPC, limanena kuti mpingo ndi wosiyana ndi boma, ndi amalakatika udindo wa bungwe lalamulo. katundu zonse m'manja mwa Church, anayamba a anthu. nyumba zonse anafuna kulambira, anayamba mupewe mokomera anthu, anabwera kuno ndipo outbuildings, onse m'thupi kamera. Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa sunapewe tsoka ili. Mu 1922, anagwidwa Renovationists. matupi Public nthawi yomweyo linalandidwa kuchokera obisika yonse mbale mpingo, ndi phindu: ziwiya mapemphero lansembe mitanda, mafano malipilo, mabuku bindings wapatali.

Chisoni tsoka la obisika ndi

Kukuza magalimoto, zaka 1927-30 aononga ambiri a nyumba za obisika a. Izi zikuphatikizapo kachisi wa St. Mary wa Egypt, amene ankaona kuti kukhala wamkulu mu Moscow. Otsala ziwiya kumene kumakhala Amonke kufalitsidwa ku mabungwe osiyanasiyana chikhalidwe zakale. Old mafano "kutamandira Cross" amene anaperekedwa kwa m'nyumbayi odana ndi chipembedzo, ndiye iye anapita kwa Tretyakov Gallery, kumene iye anali akadali.

The nyumba obisika amene anapulumuka ku owonongedwa wa NKVD anaika kogona. Mu zaka za mantha mu dera la obisika kale anawomberedwa anthu ambiri. Manda unmarked, ndi apa, ndi anakwiriridwa. M'chaka cha 1995 Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa choikidwacho kulambira mtanda okumbukira ophedwa pa malo awa, kulipanga ilo mabishopu, woyera Alexy.

Kachisi yekhayo amene anatsalira ku zaka 1958-1962 pambuyo kumangidwanso anakakhala Center Scientific ndi Kukonzanso.

Chitsitsimutso cha obisika ndi

Kumapeto kwa XX atumwi, pamene Russia zitayamba kutsitsimutsa miyambo ya mpingo, Cathedral wa Kupereka kwa Vladimir chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu Mpingo kupita, chinachitika mu 1991. Mu 1994, ndi mdalitso wa mabishopu, chiyero chake pa dera la Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa anayamba kutsitsimutsa moyo kumene kumakhala Amonke. Anthu oyamba anali kuchita khama kuti abwezeretse obisika.

Mu 2008, dongosolo anali otukuka, amene ayenera ankamangidwanso analipodi pa dera la zipilala obisika anamangidwira mipingo yatsopano, maofesi. Ndondomeko zimafuna dongosolo la chipata cha mpingo ndi mobatizira wina wa Orthodox pakati achinyamata komanso zipinda msonkhano. nyumba pafupi kuponyedwa obisika ndipo akutukuka pansi nyumba Exclusionary, kunoko ndi refectory. Ku Big Lubyanka kukuza m'dera pansi pa misonkhano maphunziro nyumba kwa ophunzira.

Chimonko kusamalirana, kuteteza Sretensky obisika. Adiresi amadziwika kuti ambiri a mpingo wake, ndipo pitani chitha obwera onse, ndi kusirira kukongola kwa kachisi nakhalanso kulambira mafano woyera.

Moyo obisika wa

Ndithudi kwa Chimonko ndi mchitidwe waukulu wa pemphero. Daily mapemphero (oyambirira, mochedwa, Pakati pa Usiku). Aliyense m'dera novice mmonke amanyadira chakuti malo awo pa malo ndi Sretensky obisika. Kutumikira Mulungu ali pano tanthauzo lenileni la moyo. Onse ali kuno kumvera wapadera, aliyense ali chinthu awo: munthu akugwira ntchito m'munda, wina pa nyumba kusindikiza, ena kugwira ntchito. Ngati Tikayerekeza boma ya agulupa mu 90s ndipo tsopano, inu mukhoza kuwona momwe kwambiri zosaneneka ntchito, khama padera mu kusintha kwa obisika a. Ophunzira akugwira nawo mu moyo wa agulupa, ndi omvera, nawo pa misonkhano.

Male kwaya ya Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa

Male kwaya mu obisika a wakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri, ndi tsiku m'munsi (1397). Business kusokoneza zinachitika yekha mu zaka za chizunzo mu ulamuliro wa Soviet Union. Posachedwapa, kwayala anayamba kufunafuna zinthu zamakono. Mu 2005, Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa Choir unatsogolera regent, amene dzina Nikon Stepanovich moyo. Iye ndi maphunziro Gnesinka kuyambira ali ankaimba nawo kwaya ya Utatu-Sergio Lavra.

Maziko a kwaya ya Sretensky ophunzira seminare, komanso omaliza maphunziro a Theological Academy wa Moscow. Mbali yofunika ya kapangidwe ndi oimba wa Moscow Conservatory, ndi Moscow Academy of Choral Art, Gnesin Academy. Kwayala zikuphatikizapo anthu makumi atatu, kumaphatikizapo soloists woyamba kalasi, ali arrangers ake ndipo analemba.

Sretensky Choir akugwirizira ntchito zonse mu obisika a. Pa zofunika mwambo kulambira kuimba mu Moscow Kremlin. mamembala Choir kuyenda pafupipafupi kuti maulendo mmishonale pansi pa mothandizidwa ndi Russian Orthodox. The repertoire m'gulu osati wopatulika music, anachita songs, nyimbo ya nkhondo, chikhalidwe Russian, Cossack, Chiyukireniya nyimbo. Onse nyimbo mu kwayara amachita kokha choyambirira processing ndi cappela.

obisika Appeasement

Sretensky ansembe yotchedwa modzichepetsa kwambiri mu mtima wa Moscow, ndi makoma woyera, amene anaika matailosi. zitseko obisika watsegulira onse ofunitsitsa bata ndi mtendere. Anthu amapita ku malo osati mu nthawi ya utumiki, ambiri azibwera basi pakati pa tsikulo. Kulambira woyera Vladimir Icon kapena zotsalira za St. Hilarion, kwa kanthawi kuyiwala za chipwirikiti chidziko. Mfundo chidwi: pamene kunja kwa mpanda wa nthawi zonse ikulira Bolshaya Lubyanka, pa dera la obisika akhala mtendere wangwiro ndi bata (kapena mwina zikuwoneka motero alendo). Moyo wa ansembe si kophweka, tsiku lonse ali kumvera, koma anthu awo ali nthawi zonse odzichepetsa osati fussy, zothandiza.