Shale mpweya - zina gwero la mphamvu ndi mavuto

gasi Shale ndi mtundu wa gasi, izo wapangidwa ambiri a methane ndi anaikira mu shales.

Shale thanthwe otchedwa kungomanga zigawo zingapo ikufanana ndi mchere otsika kutentha (chlorite, sericite, actinolite, muscovite neri Al.).

Izi miyala luso khalidwe mosavuta unagawika mbale kupanga malo (okhometsa) pakati omwe amasonkhana mpweya shale.

okhometsa payekha si nkhokwe mpweya wolemera, koma, ngakhalebe iwo ali okwanira bungwe kupanga malonda.

madipoziti Shale pa paliponse, kuti dziko mukhoza kupanga chilichonse sanali oyaka, kupereka zinthu zotiyenereza.

M'zigawo za mtengo uwu mpweya ndi mkulu chifukwa chakuti poyambirira kuti anali kugwirizana ndi kutsegula malo aakulu, ntchito hayidiroliki fracturing luso (hayidiroliki mosungiramo) ndi kuboola zonse mabowo yaitali ambiri, kulenga mwa iwo mng'alu kwa mpweya ikukoka.

kupanga mafuta

Woyamba malonda mpweya kuchokera madipoziti shale mu United States akhala akuchita.

Kenako bwino luso, kaphatikizidwe ofukula ndi yopingasa kuboola amene yafupika mtengo wa mafuta.

Today shale mpweya amapangidwa mwa kutsatira kukumba zitsime ofukula kapena yopingasa ntchito multiotvodov pa akuya chimodzimodzi ndi zitsime multistage (yopingasa) pa kubwereketsa mpaka makilomita atatu.

Technology amapereka shale mafuta jekeseni zitsime mokhomerera mu chisakanizo cha madzi, mchenga ndi mankhwala. Madzi nyundo kumachitika, zomwe zimafunika makoma mafuta mosungiramo, amene amalola kutulutsa pamwamba pa mafuta onse alipo.

Cham'mbali pobowola luso amagwiritsa ntchito nzeru njira 3DGEO zivomerezi mawerengeredwe, chomwe chili ndi maphunziro Geological ndi sanjira ndi processing kompyuta mauthenga, kuphatikizapo zowonera.

Cham'mbali bwino pobowola ayenera kuchitidwa ndi nkhani okhwima malamulo onse Mwachitsanzo, olondola pobowola ngodya ayenera zikugwirizana mbali ya ndingaliro ya mapangidwe shale.

Shale mpweya chofunika

The mtengo kupanga mafuta anatsimikiza ndi zizindikiro amenewa:

- zili mchenga yaikulu ya dongo, okhoza kuyamwa mphamvu wovulala, amene kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ntchito ndi yaikulu mtengo;

- sulfure woipa (m'munsi mlingo kulolerana mpweya sulfure woipa kumawonjezera mlingo mu kukhazikitsa ndi);

- kerogen zili;

- ndalama kupanga mu shales wakuda ndi thermally amphamvu za thupi Paleozoic ndi Mesozoic nthawi;

- umboni wa nkhani za silika (apamwamba ilo liriri, shale kwambiri Chimaona ndi kuchepetsa ndalama).

ubwino wa ulimi

- chitukuko cha madipoziti shale ntchito Fracturing akhoza ikuchitika m'madera amene kuli anthu ambirimbiri;

- minda moyandikana shale mpweya kuthetsa owerenga;

- kupanga akuthamanga popanda kutulutsidwa kwa mpweya woipa.

zolakwa

- ndi hayidiroliki fracturing luso amafuna yambiri munda madzi pafupi, madzimadzi lavundira ndi zovuta kuwataya;

- shale zitsime sakhala cholimba ntchito kuposa ochiritsira;

- mokhomerera zitsime kuchepetsa mlingo otaya mofulumira kwambiri - by 30-40% pa chaka;

- kuchotsa shale mpweya, ntchito pafupifupi 85 wothandizila poizoni, ngakhale nambala yeniyeni ndi chinsinsi;

- m'zigawo za dziko mpweya ali kwambiri anataya, amene kumawonjezera zotsatira kutentha ;

- profitability kupanga ndi abwino okha pamaso pa ziwawa mpweya ndi kufunika;

- wakale shale madipoziti ndi mpweya wambiri wa poizoni Popanga madzi a gamma, amene kumawonjezera maziko cheza chifukwa cha wovulala lapansi.

Environmental ndi shale gasi

Ngati shale mpweya ndi luso alipo sangakhale yotheka njira kuti achilengedwe.

Komabe, ndi kulamulira bwino zachilengedwe mafuta m'zigawo kuchokera mafuta shale n'zotheka m'madera kumene kulibe anthu ambiri.